Digital Video Course Section 1

transcript

Broad Band Convergence

Heighten Viewing Experience

HD is Now Expected everywhere

Over 1 Billion Units Installed

Objectives..

Upon Completion you will be able to:1. Identify how TMDS signaling Audio Video links operate

2. Identify the Different Types of Connectors Used In TMDS AV Links

3. Understand how Digital Video is encoded/ decoded

4. Understand the difference in Color Space Options that are used in TMDS

5. Understand Video Bandwidth

6. Calculate TMDS Bandwidth

7. Read A Digital Eye Diagram

8. Understand How Transport (Cable,Fiber) Choice Effects Digital Video

9. Understand EDID,DDC in the Digital Realm

10. Acquire A Basic Understanding of HDCP

11. Create a plan to Trouble Shoot Digital Video

12. Understand what tools are Available to Trouble Shoot Digital Video

Course Outline

60 Minute Segments1. TMDS Link Video and Connectors-

2. Calculating Bandwidth Requirements-

3. Digital EDID and HDCP-

4. Hands On and Trouble Shooting Tips

There will be a short review quiz at the end of each session-

This will serve as documentation of the mastery of each concept—

Upon a passing grade of the DVE Final Exam you will be given a certificate of completion for this program.

What Signal Is Digital Video ?Misconceptions on Digital Video

� HDMI-DVI-Display Port- RJ45-BNC-F Connector

� The Above are Not Necessarily a Video signal type

There Are 6 Main Types Of Digital Video Transmissions

� HDMI/DVI/Display Port (Dual Mode) –TMDS Link

� Display Port Native-- MLL

� Modulated --ATSC/8VSB/AC-3/QAM

� Broadcast--SDI/HD SDI/Dual-link HDSDI/3g SDI

� IP Standards Based--Mpeg/ AVB/ HDbaseT

� IP--Proprietary

Section- 1 TMDS Link

Transition Minimized Differential Signaling and Digital Audio/ Video

TMDS-/Transition Minimized Differential Signaling

4 Simultaneous Streams

� Clock Channel Ensures Three Data Channels are in Sync

� The Data Channels May Contain Video, Audio, Or Other Info� Used By DVI-D

� Used By HDMI

� Used By Dual Mode Display Port

The Encoder or Decoder Determines How The Info Is Used..� Not the Connector

Data Chan 0 Typically Blue, Cr or Audio

Data Chan 1 Typically Green,Y or Audio

Data Chan 2 Typically Red, Cb or Audio

Clock Channel Assures the above Channels Arrive At the Same Time

TMDS-/Twisted Pair Channel

TMDS-/(4) Two pair Channels

TMDS-Link Audio/Video

TMDS carries video, audio, and auxiliary data during one of the three modes, called the Control Period,The Video Data Period,and the Data Island Period .

During the Control Period (Occurs between Video and Data Island periods.)Information is carried on Color Depth and is required for Deep Color. The Gamut Metadata Packet carries information on the color space being used for the current video stream and is required for xvYCC.

During the Video Data Period, the pixels of an active video line are transmitted.

During the Data Island period

(Occurs during the horizontal and vertical blanking intervals)Audio and auxiliary data are transmitted within a series of packets.

The ability to send audio/auxiliary data using 4b/10b encoding for the Data Island Period.Was Placed into the TMDS Encoder Decoders by the HDMI Standard

1080p Example- 1 Frame

Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-1 7.1 audio information

Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)Line-1080

Use xvYCCColor Space

7.1 audio information

Repeat –Repeat--Repeat

Vertical Blank ---Start Over With Line One

Video Period Data Island PeriodControl

Period

Time It Takes to Complete = Refresh Rate per second

Digital Color Space

Color Space is the Method that determines what color each individual pixel should be.

We will explore the 3 most common:

1- RGB

2- YCbCr

3-XV Color (Formerly known as XV YCC)

Digital RGB Color Space

A Digital method of telling a Single Pixel What Color It Should Be

Is an Additive Color Model

Is represented In 3 Pieces of Info : Red Level-Green Level-Blue Level

(0-255 For Each Color Level)

Example: 8 Bit Byte For:

Microsoft Medium Grey (Red-128,Green-128,Blue-128)

Yellow (Red-255,Green-255,Blue-000)

In 8 Bit Per color 1 Pixel = 24Bits are possible Total 16.7 Million Colors

Digital RGB Color Space

Digital YCbCr Color Space

A Digital method of telling a Single Pixel What Color It Should Be

Is a Short Hand To represent Color RGB

YCbCR is the Digital Method Of YPbPr

Y=Luminance (Black and White) is sent at High Resolution

Cb Cr= Chroma Components

Cb Is the Blue difference from Green

Cr Is the Red Difference From Green

Green is calculated From the Cb Cr Levels

The Chroma can be sent/ stored at a lower data method

This is called SubSampling

YCbCr 4:4:4= 4 Lumance Samples 4 Chrominance Samples (line 1) 4 Chrominace samples (line 2)

(Requires More Data to determine color)

YCbCr 4:2:2= 4 Lumance Samples 2 Chrominance Samples (line 1) 2 Chrominace samples (line 2)

(Requires Less Data to determine color)

YCbCr-Frame Example

Y=Luminance

Cb=Blue Difference from Green

Cr=Red Difference from Green

YCbCr-Sub SampleExample-1

YCbCr-Sub SampleExample-2

Albert Munsel

1- RGB

2- YCbCr

Albert Munsel-hue

1- RGB

2- YCbCr

Munsel- Spaces Missing

x.v. Color Different Flavor of component-Not more bandwidth

A different Method of component –

Can Create 1.8 times More Different Saturation than Than sRGB

Was introduced in 2006

Included In the HDMI 1.3 Encoder Standard

Sony and Mitsubishi Are the largest Player For Displays

Play Station 3

Not Supported by Blu Ray Movies as of yet

Almost All new Computer Graphic Cards AMD-Intel-nVidia Support it

Only Format that uses negative values (instead of 0-100%)

Red at 50% Green at 100% Blue at –20%

THIS IS NOT DEEP COLOR– Which Does Require More Bandwidth

Deep Color = More Shades & Bandwidth

Can be used by all methods of color space

xvYCC- 4:4:4- sRGB- YCbCr 4:4:4- YCbCr 4:2:2

Anything over 8 Bit per channel is considered Deep Color

8 bit per channel can create 16.7 Million Colors/Shades

12 bit per channel can create 68.7 Billion Colors/Shades

Deep Color Side By Side

With More Color Depth Less Banding Occurs.

TMDS Based ConnectorsThere are 3 Main Connector types

TMDS Link Audio/Video:

1- DVI-I and DVI-D

2- HDMI

3- Display Port Dual Mode

TMDS Based Connectors-DVIDVI- Founders- Digital Display Working GroupIntel Corporation, Silicon Image, Inc., Compaq Computer Corp., Fujitsu Limited, Hewlett-Packard Company,

International Business Machines Corp., and NEC Corporation

Max Resolution Digital Single - 2098x1311 (Single Link)

Max Resolution Digital Dual – 3840x2400 (Dual Link)

Encoders may be different but Single Link is compatible to the HDMI A cable

Encoders may be different but Dual Link is compatible to the HDMI B cable

Last Update to Standard was Made in 2001

DVI is now a Subset Of HDMI Encoder/Decoder Standards

DVI-I Is backward Compatible to Analog

DVI- Digital Video Interface

5 Flavors- For Connectors

Uses TMDS-Analog� DVI-I Single Link

� DVI-I Dual Link

� DVI-D Single Link

� DVI-D Dual Link

� DVI-A (Analog Only)

Typical Color Encoding

� sRGB- Methods

� Some Devices Do More

TMDS Based Connectors-HDMIHDMI- Founders- HDMI Licensing, LLC Hitachi, Matsushita Electric,Industrial Panasonic/National/Quasar, Philips, Silicon Image, Sony,Thomson (RCA), and Toshiba

10,000 dollar Licensee fee 5cents per port for major Manufactures

Authorized Testing Centers

-Silicon Image-USA /China

-Panasonic-Japan -Phillips Europe/India

HD Resolution 2560 x 1600

Max Color Depth 48 Bit

1.4 New standard

Adds 3d Support

Audio Return Channel (Internal Tv Tuner Audio)

Higher Resolution

Mini Single Link Style C is Becoming Popular

1.4 Encoders will function on older Cables (19 Pin)Type A—

New 1.4 Cable (29 Pin) Type B is needed to add

Audio Return Channel

Ethernet

Higher Resolution– 3840x2400– (Dual Link TMDS)

This image cannot currently be displayed.

HDMI-High Definition Multimedia Interface

Pin 1 TMDS Data2+

Pin 2 TMDS Data2 Shield

Pin 3 TMDS Data2–

Pin 4 TMDS Data1+

Pin 6 TMDS Data1–

Pin 7 TMDS Data0+

Pin 9 TMDS Data0–

Pin 10 TMDS Clock+

Pin 11 TMDS Clock Shield

Pin 12 TMDS Clock–

Pin 13 CEC

Pin 14 Reserved - (Optional, HDMI 1.4+ with Ethernet)

Pin 15 SCL (I²C Serial Clock for DDC)

Pin 16 SDA (I²C Serial Data Line for DDC)

Pin 17 DDC/CEC/HEC Ground

Pin 18 +5 V Power (max 50 mA)

Pin 19 Hot Plug Detect (All versions) (Optional, HDMI 1.4+ with Ethernet)

Type A receptacle HDMI

� Typical Color Space Encoding-� xvYCC- 4:4:4 (8-16 Bit)

� New Method

� sRGB (8-16 Bit)

� (DVI-CPU Standards)

� YCbCr 4:4:4 (8-16 Bit)

� -Digital Component� Higher Quality Sub Sample

� YCbCr 4:2:2 (8-12 Bit)

� -Digital Component

� Lower Quality Sub Sample

TMDS Based Connectors-Display Port

Display Port - Founders- VESA Video Electronics Standards AssociationNEC- Intel- AMD-Dell Belkin-Barco etc……………………….

Emerging standard for Computers

Locking Connector

Royalty Free HDMI With Dual Mode Display Port

Support For Multiple Displays on a single connector

No CEC

HD TMDS (Single Link) Resolution 2560 x 1600

Higher Resolutions When Using MLL (Display Port Native Mode)

Max Color Depth 48 Bit (Single Link)

Dual Port Logo

Display Port

2 Flavors-Display Port Native

� Uses MLL Signaling VS TMDS

DP (Dual Mode Display Port)

� Encoder will Reconfigure Its Self to TMDS Signal Protocols To Operate as HDMI/DVI-D Single Link.

� When The Cable adapter Pin Is Detected.

� Does Not Provide CEC Control

Pin 1 ML_Lane 0 (p)-Lane 0 (positive)

Pin 2 GND-Ground

Pin 3 ML_Lane 0 (n)-Lane 0 (negative)

Pin 5 GND-Ground

Pin 8 GND-Ground

Pin 11 GND-Ground

Pin 13 CONFIG1 connected to Ground1)

Pin 14 CONFIG2 connected to Ground1)

Pin 15 AUX CH (p) Auxiliary Channel

Pin 16 GND-Ground

Pin 17 AUX CH (n) Auxiliary Channel

Pin 18 Hot Plug-Hot Plug Detect

Pin 19 Return-Return for Power

Pin 20 DP_PWR-Power for connector (3.3 V 500 mA)

Dual-mode Pin Mapping-TDMS

DisplayPort Pins DVI 1.0/HDMI Mode

Main Link Lane 0 TMDS Clock

Main Link Lane 1 TMDS Channel 0

AUX CH+ DDC Clock

AUX CH- DDC Data

DP_PWR DP_PWR

Hot Plug Detect Hot Plug Detect

Config 1 Cable Adaptor Detect

Config 2

Display Port MLL-Normal Mode

Display port overview

Display Port - Founders- VESA Video Electronics Standards AssociationNEC- Intel- AMD-Dell Belkin-Barco etc……………………….

Emerging standard for Computers

Locking Connector

Royalty Free HDMI With Dual Mode Display Port

Support For Multiple Displays on a single connector

No CEC

HD TMDS (Single Link) Resolution 2560 x 1600

Higher Resolutions When Using MLL (Display Port Native Mode)

Max Color Depth 48 Bit (Single Link)

Dual Port Logo

Digital Video Course Section 1

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