DIRECT AND INDIRECTSPEECH

DIRECT SPEECH / Quoted Speech

Is saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech) here what a person says appears within quotation marks (“...”) and should be word for word.

Direct speech / quoted speechBilamana kata kerja dalam sebuah kalimat memberitakan

apa yang dikatakan oleh si pembicara tertentu dalam sebuah kalimat yang lain, dalam kalimat pertama disebut Reporting Verb, dan apa yang dikatakan dalam kalimat yang kedua disebut Reported speech.

Contoh :Reporting Verb ( kata kerja yang memberitakan )

he said, Reported Speech ( kalimat langsung ) “I am going to fishing”

Bilamana reported speech mengulangi kata-kata yang sebenarnya, ini disebut direct speech ( kalimat langsung ). Contoh : He said, “I am going to fishing”

Examplehe said :

he said “I’m going to

fishing”

Indirect Speech / Reported SpeechDoesn’t use quotation marks to enclose what

the person said and it doesn’t have to be word for word.

When reporting speech the tense ussually changes, because when we use reported speech we are ussually taking about a time in the past.

The verbs therefore ussually have to be in the past too.

Indirect Speech / Reported SpeechBilamana reported speech memberikan isi

pokok kata-kata yang dipakai oleh sipembicara, dan bukan kata-kata yang sebenarnya, di sebut Indirect Speech ( kalimat tidak langsung), dalam susunan kalimatnya dihubungkan oleh “that”

Contoh :He said that he was going to fishing

Example :

Direct Speech : he said

Indirect speech :

“I’m going to fishing ”

He said (that)he

was going to fishing

Tense changewhen we use reported speech, we are ussually taking about the past. So verb ussually change to the past in reported speech.Example :

Am/is wasDirect She said, “I am busy”Indirect She said ( that ) she was busy

Direct He said, “ The woman is coming”.Indirect He said (that) the woman was coming

Example :Are were Direct Tomi said, “my parents are very well”. Indirect Tomi said (that) his parents were very well

Have / Has had Direct Riri said, “ Ann has bought a new car”. Indirect Riri said, Ann had bought a new car

Will would Direct charlie said, “ I will phone you when I get back Indirect charlie said (that) he would phone me when he got back

Example Can could Direct Nisa said, ”I can come to the party” Indirect Nisa said, (that) she could come to the party

Tense changeExcept, when reported speech has talk about

fact, tenses haven’t to change to the past form

Example : Direct He said London is a great city IndirectHe said (that) London is a great city

Direct She says, I am hungry IndirectShe says that she is hungry

Interogative sentence If reported speech is interogative sentences,

reporting verb say should be change to ask.

When forming a question, that begin by auxiliary or the verb be before subject in direct sentences. Indirect sentences must be connected by if or whether between reporting verb or reported speech

Command Example :Direct Stand up!Indirect he asked me to stand up

Direct call me !Indirect she asked me to call her

Prohibition ( larangan )Direct don’t smoke in here !Indirect he asked not to smoke in here

Direct don’t cheat !Indirect she asked not to teach

Example :

DirectHe said to me, “ are you going to day?”IndirectHe asked me whether / if I was going away

that day

II. Direct He said to me, “where are you going?” IndirectHe asked me where I was going

Conclusions:

We are known about three form of sentences, there are : imperative sentences, statement, and question

When we use reported speech, we are ussually talking about the past. So verbs ussually change to the past in reported speech.

When forming a question, that begin by auxiliary or the verb be before subject in direct sentences. Indirect sentences must be connected by if or whether between reporting verb or reported speech

Thank you....