Do-Now Use the following sentence starters to compose two mini-paragraphs. Your topics: The...

transcript

Do-Now Use the following sentence starters

to compose two mini-paragraphs.

Your topics: • The Republican decade • Laissez-Faire leadership.

I thinkFor instanceFurthermoreClearly

The problem isIf this continues thenThis is significantHistorically,

Wednesday January 21th

Agenda• Do-Now• Return Quizzes• Notes & Discussion• Reading

Homework• Read Chapter 22, Section 1• Answer Reading Comprehension questions 1. through 5.• Be prepared for a brief HOMEWORK QUIZ on this reading tomorrow

Do-LaterDo-Later

The problem is…

Because of…

Therefore…

In short…

The end of the 1920’sThe end of the 1920’s

Herbert Hoover wins office in 1928– Coasting on a decade of Republican “success”– Coolidge rumored to leave office due to a

predicted economic ‘downturn’

Rugged IndividualismSelf-made millionaireHero of WWI

– Food Relief efforts

Herbert HooverHerbert Hoover“The greatness of America has grown

out of a political and social system and a method of control of economic forces distinctly its own– our American system– which has carried this great experiment in human welfare further than ever before in all history. We are nearer today to the ideal of the abolition of poverty and fear from the lives of men and women than every before in any land.”

The end of the 1920’sThe end of the 1920’sSummarizing a Decade of Economic Success“Unprecedented advance of wonderful

prosperity”– Worker’s wages raised over 40%– Stock market value swelled by the billions– Welfare Capitalism

New approach to labor relations: Workers needs negotiated, strikes stabilized, production

improves

– Consumer confidence soared

What could go wrong?

Warning signsWarning signs

Uneven Prosperity The rich got richer

– Big business grew more than small– 200 companies controlled 49% of U.S. industry– 0.1% of the nation’s population held 34% of the total

wealth– 80% of American families had no savings at all

Personal debt rose– New to credit spending– Consumer items more affordable, more buying– Counted on a stable future income– Installment plans

American attitude toward spending shifted– Traditional wary of debt– Consumer culture changed

Unsafe stock market speculation– Speculation: practice of making high-risk

investments in hopes of getting a huge return– Stock market climbed to dizzying hights– Press-promoted “Get rich quick!” stories– Brokers encouraged buying on margin: purchase a

stock for a fraction of the cost (10 to 50%) and borrow the rest

Assumed the stock would rise, earning money to pay the balance

GE Stock OfferGE Stock OfferDate Price #of Shares Value Profit

3/28 $129 100 $12,900

9/29 $391 100 $39,100 @$25,000

10/29 $250 100 $25,000 @$11,000

10/29 $222 100 $22,200 @$8,000

11/29 $153 100 $15,300 @$400

7/32 $9 100 $900 -$14,000

HomeworkHomework

Read Chapter 22, Section 1• Answer Reading Comprehension

questions 1. through 5.• Be prepared for a brief HOMEWORK

QUIZ on this reading tomorrow

CausesCauses

1. Stock Market Crash

2. World Wide Economic Problems (WW I)

3. “Easy Credit” (Banking)

4. Uneven Distribution of Wealth\

5. High Tariffs

6. Business Cycle (Overproduction)

Great Depression and New Deal Great Depression and New Deal OverviewOverview

There were multiple factors that caused it.

Hoover’s response was mixed

American’s suffered economically more than any other time. Minorities suffer most

The economic system had failed – crisis of confidence.

Some called for revolution

FDR – A Pragmatic, Progressive Leader

New Deal – 3 Goals, Relief , Recovery, Reform

New Deal Experimental New Deal changes the

role of government Over the next 8 years,

New Deal helped but did not cure the depression

FDR had many opponents on left and right.

Results in changes in American Culture

The Great Depression/The Great Depression/The StartThe Start

I The Crash

A. 20s prosperity - Optimism Bull Market

1. Speculation

2. Margin Buying

B. Black Thursday 10/24/29

C. Black Tuesday 10/29/29

Great Depression/SymptomsGreat Depression/Symptoms

II Economic Depression

A. GDP 1929 - $103 B 1933 -$56 B

B. Average Income Down 50%

C. Banking Collapse - over 5,000 close

1. Runs/Panics

2. Deposits Drop

D. Unemployment Rises

E. Homelessness Rises

Great Depression/EffectsGreat Depression/Effects

III. EffectsA. Unemployment 25% 12-13 millionB. Underemployment1. Part Time2. Wages Down 33%C. Workplace DiscriminationD. Urban Homelessness –

Shantytowns(Hoovervilles), Breadlines, Hobos, Charities

Great Depression/EffectsGreat Depression/Effects

E. Farmers Problems

1. Prices Drop

2. Debt – Foreclosures

3. Farmers Rebellion

F. Family Life

G. Effect on Individuals

Let’s Play ….. Find the GORILLA!

Hoover’s ResponseHoover’s Response

IV Government Response under Herbert HooverA. Rugged IndividualismB. Opposed Direct ReliefC. Optimism - Volunteer effortsD. Public Works (Hoover Dam)E. Gov’t Purchase of Surplus CropsF. Home Loan Bank ActG. Reconstruction Finance Corporation H. Bonus Army

1932 Election1932 Election

V 1932 Election

A. Republicans

B. Democrats

C. Results

The New DealThe New DealVI. FDR’s New Deal for the Forgotten Man

A. Three Rs

B. Experimentation

C. Pump Priming

D. Brain Trust

E. Bank Holiday

G. Fire Side Chats

H. 100 Days

I. FERA

J. Removal of Gold Standard

K. Reciprocal Trade Agreements (Smoot Hawley)

New Deal ProgramsNew Deal Programs

Program Date Purpose Method Additional

New Deal ProgramsNew Deal ProgramsProgram Date Purpose Method Additional Notes

New Deal ProgramsNew Deal ProgramsProgram Date Purpose Method Additional

Social

Security

Wagner

(NLRB)

Document AnalysisDocument Analysis

Date: If available check the date and ask at what point in the depression is this document from? Who was president? How long had the New Deal been in effect? Work backwards to the date. If no date is given, are there clues that can tell you when the document was created?

What SPECIFIC issues can you talk about that are clearly represented in the picture?

What inferences can be made to allow for more indepth analysis and probably outside information?

CriticismCriticism

IV CriticismA. Left - Liberals - Redistribution of Wealth1. Dr. F. Townsend2. Father Coughlin4. Huey Long “Share Our Wealth”5. Communists/ Socialists - Norman ThomasB. Right - Conservatives - Too much government1. Republicans2. American Liberty League

V 1936 Election

1. FDR Continue New Deal

a. GDP 80 Billion

b. Supported by Unions, Farmers, Poor, Minorities

2. Alf Landon Rep.

a. Balance Budget

b. Return Power to states

c. New Deal Unconstitutional

1936 Election1936 Election

29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41

Billions

Second TermSecond TermVI FDR ContinuesA. Packing the CourtB. Labor Unions1. Wagner Act – NLRB2. CIO3. AF of L - CIO rivalry4. Sitdown strikesC. 1937 Recession1. Spending Cuts2. More Pump Priming3. John Meynerd KeynesD. 1938 - Congressional Elections

Social/ Cultural ChangesSocial/ Cultural Changes

VII Minorities and the New DealA. DiscriminationB. New Deal1. Policy2. RealityC. Racial Tensions IncreaseD. Marian Anderson - Eleanor

E. Black Brain Trust / Federal Council on Negro Affairs – Mary McCleod Bethune

Social/Cultural ChangesSocial/Cultural Changes

F. Native Americans -Indian Reorganization Act

G. Women

*Francis Perkins

Eleanor

IX Arts, Music, EntertainmentIX Arts, Music, EntertainmentA. Supported by New Deal - WPAB. Literature1. Grapes of Wrath2. Gone With the WindC. Music - Jazz - Swing - Big Band Ellington, Basie,

Goodman, CrosbyD. Movies - 1. Musicals, Marx Bros., Mickey Mouse2. EscapeE. RadioF. Sports

Some odds and endsSome odds and endsIn ‘32 FDR promised to balance the budget Whoops

Glass Steagel = FDIC

Muscle Shoales = TVA

Shift in African American vote

Dust Bowl

Bonus Army

Amendments 20 21

Analyzing New DealAnalyzing New Deal

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