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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 1
DOCSIS 3.0 Overview
Suzanne Ewert
Systems Engineer
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 2
Agenda
Evolution of DOCSIS
Motivation - Why DOCSIS 3.0?
DOCSIS 3.0 Features Overview
Downstream Bonding Details
Upstream Bonding Details
DOCSIS 3.0 and M-CMTS Comparisons
Migration Strategy
Cisco VDOC
Cisco Architecture for D3.0 & M-CMTS
Summary
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 3
Evolution of DOCSIS
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 4
Evolution of DOCSIS Pre-DOCSIS
– MSO’s needed a service offering for the residential market
– Consumer demands dictated the need for something faster than dial-up
– Proprietary and expensive
DOCSIS 1.0
– MSO’s needed a standardized solution (i.e. cheaper)
– Consumer demands dictated the need for additional bandwidth
– Competing against DSL
DOCSIS 1.1
– MSO’s needed a way to protect their infrastructure and offer differentiated services
– MSO’s needed to expand, start targeting the commercial market
– Competing against DSL, ISDN, and T1
– Standard defined:
• security between the CMTS and CM (BPI+)
• extensive QOS functionality
• 38Mbps x 9Mbps service offering
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 5
Evolution of DOCSIS (cont) DOCSIS 2.0
– MSO’s needed a way to offer a synchronous service
• VoIP and business services
– Consumer demands dictated the need for more upstream bandwidth
• Gaming
• Consumer owned servers (Peer-to-Peer)
– Standard defined:
• Expanded upstream channel widths to include 6.4MHz
• Expanded upstream modulation schemes to include 32QAM, 64QAM, and 128QAM
• S-CDMA
• 38Mbps x 27Mbps service offering
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 6
Motivation - Why DOCSIS 3.0?
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 7
Business Drivers for D3.0
Competition against FTTH - Deliver 100 Mbps
Broadband Internet Services Growth
– Migration from Web to Web2.0, Video Streaming, P2P TV
– Increased per home consumption
IP Video over DOCSIS(VDOC)
– High definition Video to multiple devices
• PCs, Hybrid STBs, portable devices
– Migration from Broadcast to Unicast services (VoD, Startover)
Commercial services
– High BW data services
– High BW Ethernet/L2VPN service
– Video conferencing
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 8
Next Generation Connected Home
HOMEInternet
No New Wires TechnologyOutside
TheHome
PC
Multi-MediaService Gateway
Next GenMR-DVR
PhotosFrom PC
DVR contentOver the Internet
Stored musicIn any room
Internet video
On HDTV
Multi-MediaClient Gateway
Multi-MediaClient Gateway
PhotosFrom PC
Next GenMR-DVR
Stored musicIn any room
Internet video
On HDTV
DVR contentOver the Internet Network
Eth
ern
et
IP ServiceGateway
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 9
Spectral Reclamation Solutions
SDV – Switched Digital Video
Node splits
Narrowcast QAM injection
Analog reclamation
Use every channel available
1 GHz upgrade
MPEG-4
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 10
Goal:– Increase Scalability– Reduce Cost
Components:– Low Cost E-QAM– CMTS Core Processing
M-CMTS
Overall Industry Objectives
DOCSIS 3.0
Goal:– More aggregate speed– More per-CM speed– Enable New Services
Components:– Channel Bonding– IPv6– Multicast– AES
• Better stat muxing with bigger “pipe”• Offer >37 Mbps for single CM
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 11
DOCSIS 3.0 Features Overview
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 12
• MAC Layer– Downstream Channel Bonding – Upstream Channel Bonding
• Network Layer– IPv6 support– IP Multicast (IGMPv3/MLDv2,
SSM, QoS)
• Security– Certificate Revocation
Management– Runtime SW / Config validation– Enhanced Traffic Encryption
(AES)– Certificate Convergence – Early Authentication &
Encryption– TFTP Proxy
• Network Management– Diagnostic Log (Flaplist)– Extension of Internet Protocol
Data Records (IPDR) usage– Capacity management – Enhanced signal quality
monitoring
• Physical Layer– Switchable 5-42 MHz, 5-65 MHz,
or 5-85 MHz US band– S-CDMA active code selection
with new Logical channel
• Commercial Services– T1/E1 Circuit Emulation support
DOCSIS 3.0 Features
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 13
DOCSIS 3.0 Features – Physical LayerCMTS Deployment Models
Integrated CMTS
– Implements the network ports and RF interface ports in a single network element
Modular CMTS
– Implements the network ports and URFI ports in a modular core network element and the DRFI ports in a external EQAM
– A DEPI tunnel is used to encapsulates the downstream channels from the M-CMTS core to the EQAM
– A DTI server is used to synchronize the M-CMTS core and all associated EQAM’s
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 14
DOCSIS 3.0 Features – MAC Layer
Downstream Channel Bonding
– Allows a CM to receive data on multiple receive channels using a single service flow
– At least 4 channels must be used to equal 150+ Mbps
Upstream Channel Bonding
– Allows a CM to transmit data on multiple transmit channels using a single service flow
– At least 4 channels must be used to equal 100+ Mbps
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 15
DOCSIS 3.0 Features – Network Layer
IPv6 support
– Built in support for IPv6
– Modems can be provisioned using IPv4, IPv6, or both
– Provides transparent IPv6 connectivity to CPE’s
IP multicast support
– Supports delivery of source specific multicast (SSM) streams to CPE’s
– CMTS controlled layer-2 multicast forwarding mechanism
– Introduces “group service flow” concept to provide QOS to multicast streams
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 16
DOCSIS 3.0 Features – Security
CMTS to CM Privacy Features
– 128-bit AES traffic encryption (performed in hardware)
– Early CM authentication and traffic encryption (EAE)
– MMH (Multilinear Modular Hash) algorithm for CMTS MIC (message integrity check)
Prevent Unauthorized Access
– Enhanced secure provisioning features
– Source IP address verification (SAV)
– TFTP proxy and configuration file learning;
– Certificate Revocation
– Encryption support for new method of multicast messaging.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 17
DOCSIS 3.0 Features – Network Management (cont)
Security Management
– IETF deprecated the previous NmAccess approach
– In order to address the new D3.0 features and the IETF’s decision:
• Extensions were built to report configuration status, error conditions and statistics of the new security features
• Replacement of NmAccess is required using a method compatible with the SNMPv3 framework
Accounting Management
– SNMPv3 polling/trapping
– IPDR (IP Detail Record) support is expanded to include the new D3.0 features
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 18
CableLabs DOCSIS 3.0 Qualification Tiers Bronze
– DS channel bonding
– IPv6 CM provisioning without dual stack, basic IPv6 forwarding for CPE
– Basic DOCSIS 2.0 multicast features, IPv6 multicast support for CM provisioning
– No US channel bonding, No S-CDMA, No AES
Silver
– Bronze features plus:
– US channel bonding
– Additional IPv6 support
– AES, SSM, Bonded multicast, S-CDMA w/o bonding, parts of IPDR
Gold
– Full DOCSIS 3.0 support
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 19
DOCSIS 3.0Downstream Channel Bonding Details
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 20
Downstream Bonding - Features
Packet bonding of a minimum of 4 channels– Delivers in excess of 150 Mbps and 50 Mbps US
Non-disruptive technology– Seamless migration from DOCSIS 1.x/2.0
– M-CMTS and high density I-CMTS cards
– EQAMs
New hardware required for scalability and cost reduction
New CM silicon required
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 21
Channel Bonding In a nutshell, channel bonding means data is
transmitted to or from CMs using multiple individual RF channels instead of just one channel
Channels aren't physically bonded into a gigantic digitally modulated signal; bonding is logical
With DOCSIS 1.x & 2.0, data is transmitted to modems using one channel
With DOCSIS 3.0, data is transmitted to modems using multiple channels
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 22
DOCSIS 3.0 Downstream Channel Bonding with Today’s DOCSIS 2.0 Deployments
CM CM CM CM
TraditionalDOCSIS
UniversalEdge QAM
Wideband MAC
Traditional Cable Modems
WCM
Wideband Downstream
D3.0 CM
Docsis 3.0 Bi-Dir CM
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 23
DOCSIS 3.0 Registration DiagramD3.0 CM acquires QAM/FEC lock of DOCSIS DS channelSYNC, UCD, MAP messages
D3.0 CM performs usual US channel selection, but does not start initial rangingMDD message
D3.0 CM performs bonded service group selection, and indicates via initial rangingB-INIT-RNG-REQ message
Usual DOCSIS initial ranging sequence
DHCP DISCOVER packet
REG-REQ message
DHCP RESPONSE packet
DHCP REQUEST packet
DHCP OFFER packet
D3.0 CM transitions to ranging station maintenance as usual
REG-ACK message
REG-RSP message
Usual BPI init. If configured
TOD Request/Response messages
TFTP Request/Response messagesD3.0 CM provides Rx-Chan(s)-Prof
D3.0 CM receives Rx-Chan(s)-Config
D3.0 CM confirms all Rx Channels
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 24
Reasons DRFI went Beyond D2.0 RFI Applies to CMTS, D3.0, or multi-carrier CMTS DS connector
Cleaned up ambiguity in 2.0 and lower– Noise dBmV changed to dBc
Allows more channels per connector– DOCSIS 2.0 and lower was only single carrier
M-CMTS architecture & D3.0 both reference DRFI– Less expensive E-QAMs, MxN mac domains
Performance goal was analog protection given analog ch lineup of 2-13 (54-216 MHz)– Digital chs justified to upper end of spectrum
– Criteria was 60 dB CNR for all combined sources
– Not necessary for digital communication nor sparser lineup
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 25
dBmV
N=1 : 60
Single Carrier DRFI
1
Center FrequencyMust 91 <-> 867 MHzMay 57 <-> 999 MHz
• Annex A & B
– Channel BW 8 & 6 MHz
• Variable depth interleaver
• HRC, IRC
• 64 & 256 QAM
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 28
dBmV
Power Output for Multiple Carriers per RF Spigot
1 21 21 3 21 3 4
N dBmV
1 60
2 56
3 54
4 52
8 49
16 45
32 42
60-ceil[3.6*log2(N)] dBmV
RF muting ≥73 dB below aggregate power
• Why is it done like this?
– Multiple chs create more pwr & distortions
– Attempt to keep constant wattage output
– DS laser concerns (Pwr/Hz)
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 31
DOCSIS 3.0 DS Considerations
Frequency Assignments
– CMTS may be limited to 860 MHz or 1 GHz
– CM’s may be limited to 50 or 60 MHz passband
Testing and maintaining multiple DS channels
– Physical channels have not changed for DOCSIS 3.0
– Test equip with built-in CM’s need to support bonding
DS isolation issues
DS channel bonding max power with 4 freqs stacked
– Four channels stacked on 1 connector limited to 52 dBmV/ch
• DOCSIS 1.x/2.0 DS is 61 dBmV max output
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 32
DOCSIS 3.0 – Upstream Channel Bonding Details
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 33
Upstream Bonding Service Drivers
Competition against FTTH– Deliver 20+ Mbps
High BW residential data
User generated content– Video and photo uploads– Proliferation of social sites
Video conferencing– TelePresence
Commercial service– High BW symmetrical data services– Bonded T1– High BW Ethernet/L2VPN service
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 34
Upstream Bonding - Features
Packet Striping of a minimum of 4 channels– Delivers in excess of 50 Mbps
AES and scalability require hardware upgrade
New CM silicon required
Phased and seamless technology migration
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 36
D2.0 is Still Not Used 27.2 Mbps total aggregate speed
Achieved 18 Mbps for single CM on US– Fragmentation and concatenation with a huge max burst
Linerate possible of ~ 27 Mbps
Make sure 1.0 CMs, which can’t fragment, have a max burst < 2000 B
2.0 increases the EQ tap length from 8 to 24– Supported in ATDMA & mixed mode
– Off by default
Symbol Rate, ksym/sec
Channel Bandwidt
h, MHz
QPSK Raw Data Rate,
Mbps
QPSK Nominal
Data Rate, Mbps
QAM-16 Raw Data Rate,
Mbps
QAM-16 Nominal
Data Rate, Mbps
QAM-64 Raw Data Rate,
Mbps
QAM-64 Nominal
Data Rate, Mbps
1280 1.6 2.56 2.3 5.12 4.6 7.68 6.9
2560 3.2 5.12 4.6 10.24 9.2 15.36 13.8
5120 6.4 10.24 9.2 20.48 18.4 30.72 27.5
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 37
Upstream Adaptive Equalization Example
Upstream 6.4 MHz bandwidth 64-QAM signal
After adaptive equalization:DOCSIS 2.0’s 24-tap adaptive equalization—actually pre-equalization in the modem—was able to compensate for nearly all of the in-channel tilt (with no change in digital channel power). The result: No correctable or uncorrectable FEC errors and the CMTS’s reported upstream MER (SNR) increased to ~36 dB.
Before adaptive equalization:Substantial in-channel tilt caused correctable FEC errors to increment at a rate of about 7000 errored codewords per second (232 bytes per codeword). The CMTS’s reported
upstream MER (SNR) was 23 dB.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 38
DOCSIS 3.0 Upstream Channel Bonding Upstream Channel Bonding
– Bonding process is controlled by the CMTS
– Bandwidth grants are given per flow across one or more upstream channels as CM’s make requests
– New packet streaming protocol called Continuous Concatenation and Fragmentation.
• Allows a looser coupling between requests and grants
• Enables the CM to have multiple requests outstanding simultaneously
Bonding Mechanism
– Upstream channels are synchronized to a master clock source
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 39
DOCSIS 3.0 US Considerations Frequency Stacking Levels
– What is the CM max output with multiple channels stacked
– Could it cause laser clipping?
Diplex Filter Expansion to 85 MHz– If amplifier upgrades are planned for 1 GHz, then
pluggable diplex filters may be warranted to expand to 85 MHz on the US…one truck roll
– Still must address existing CPE equipment in the field and potential overload
Monitoring, Testing, & Troubleshooting– Test equipment needs to have D3.0 capabilities
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 41
DOCSIS 3.0 US Considerations (cont)US Frequency and Level Issues
Max Tx for D2.0 64-QAM for 1 channel is 54 dBmV
D3.0 US channel max power– Tx for D3.0 TDMA
• 17 - 57 dBmV (32 & 64-QAM)• 58 dBmV (8 & 16-QAM)• 61 dBmV (QPSK)
– Tx for D3.0 S-CDMA• 17 - 56 dBmV (all modulations)
Max Tx per channel for 4 freqs stacked at 64-QAM ATDMA is only 51 dBmV & 53 for S-CDMA
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 42
DOCSIS 3.0 US Considerations (cont)US MER/SNR Issues
Increasing channel width from 3.2 to 6.4 keeps same average power for single carrier– SNR drops by 3 dB or more
Keeping same power/Hz could cause max Tx level from CM’s and/or laser clipping/overload
Equalized vs unequalized MER readings
Modulation profile choices– QPSK for maintenance, 64-QAM for Data, 16-QAM for
VoIP? Pre-EQ affect
– Great feature in 1.1 & > CMs, but could mask issues
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 43
DOCSIS 3.0 US Considerations (cont)Channel Placement
Frequencies can be anywhere in US passband and do not need to be contiguous
It may be wise to keep relatively close so plant problems like attenuation and tilt don’t cause issues
CM should have some dynamic range to allow specific channels to be a few dB different vs. other channels
Channels are separate and can have different phy layer attributes such as modulation, channel width
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 44
ATDMA General Deployment Recommendations
After increasing CW to 6.4 MHz, measure & document unequalized US MER at multiple test points in the plant
– Use PathTrak Return Path Monitoring System linecard
– Or Sunrise Telecom Upstream Characterization toolkit
25 dB or higher Unequalized MER is recommended
– Less than 25 dB reduces operating margin
– Check US MER as well as per-CM MER
Pick freq < 30 MHz - away from diplex filter group delay
Make sure latest IOS version is running on CMTS
Turn on Pre-Equalization
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 45
DOCSIS 3.0 and M-CMTS Comparisons
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 46
DOCSIS 3.0 Migration: M-CMTS
HFC
Edge QAMs
Current CMTS
DS Bonding and Existing DOCSIS
1.x/2.0 CMs
DOCSIS 2.0 US
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 47
M-CMTS Network Topology
L1/L2/L3
CMTS
Legacy DS
Bonding Port
EQAM
CM 1Legacy CM
CM 3Legacy CM
CM 43-Ch Bonding
DS 4DS 3DS 2
DS 1
US 1
DTI Server
CM 23-Ch CM
doing 2-Ch Bonding
DTI Clock Card
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 48
M-CMTS
M-CMTS
M-CMTS Core
EQAM
UpstreamReceiver
DOCSIS Timing Server
Wide Area Network
Network Side
Interface (NSI)
Operations Support Systems Interface (OSSI)
Cable Modem to CPE
Interface (CMCI)
Downstream External-Phy
Interface (DEPI)
DOCSIS Timing
Interface (DTI)
Edge Resource Management
Interfaces (ERMI)
Downstream RF Interface
(DRFI)
Cable Modem
(CM)
Operations Support System
Edge Resource Manager
Customer Premises
Equipment (CPE)
Radio Frequency Interface
(RFI)
Hybrid Fiber-Coax Network (HFC)
• Key DOCSIS 3.0 enabling technology• DS scalability of DOCSIS 1.x/2.0• Easy migration to DOCSIS 3.0 DS channel bonding• Enables service convergence and QAM sharing (Video and Data)
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 49
DOCSIS 3.0: M-CMTS
HFC
Edge QAMs
CMTS Core
Supports DS Bonding and Existing DOCSIS 1.x/2.0 CMs
DOCSIS 3.0 Bonded US
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 50
DOCSIS 3.0: I-CMTS
HFC
I-CMTS
Supports DS Bonding and Existing DOCSIS 1.x/2.0 CMs
DOCSIS 3.0 Bonded US
DOCSIS 3.0 Bonded DS
High Density Linecards
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 56
Migration Strategy
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 58
Initial Migration Goal
Deliver very high speed data service– Deliver 100+ Mbps DS– Deliver 50+ Mbps US
Reduction of node split cost– Multiple DSs per node
• M-CMTS or I-CMTS load balancing– Multiple USs per node
• Leverage existing ports and deploy 2.0 USs
BW flexibility & reduction of CMTS port cost– Break DS/US dependence i.e. independent scalability of US and DS– Reduce cost of DS ports by more than 1/10 – Reduce CMTS port/subscriber cost by 30-50%
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 59
Migration Strategy
Target CMTS upgrades in high priority markets– FiOS & U-Verse competitive markets
– High growth & demographics
– Markets with capacity issues
– Your node
Add more DS QAMs per service group and load balancing– Via I-CMTS and M-CMTS
– Current 1x4 mac domain leaves US stranded
– Increase capacity to existing 1.x/2.0 modem
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 60
Migration Strategy (cont)
Deliver targeted bonded DS channels to DOCSIS 3.0 CMs
Video and data convergence– Video and DOCSIS service group alignment
– DSG & Tru2way will leverage DOCSIS DS BW
Share & leverage existing assets– UEQAMs for VoD, SDV and DOCSIS
– UERM to enable QAM sharing
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 61
Cisco VDOC
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 62
What is VDOC?
Solution for the delivery of managed IPTV services over a DOCSIS network
Broadcast TV and VoD services
TV, PC, and other devices in the home
Provide user experience subscribers expect from their cable operator
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 63
IPTV – Even better on cable
Fat Pipes – DOCSIS 3.0
VBR video
IP/IP signaling/bearer channel as opposed to IP/MPEG
One Network (voice, video, data) to deliver them all
Delivery to alternate CPE outlets – PCs, Wifi PDAs (iPhone)
“Off-net” possibilities
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 64
Channel Bonding creates efficiency gainsBig Channel “Packing Advantage”
HD
HD
SD
SD
SD SD
SDHD
HD
HD
HD
SD
SDSD
SD
SD HD
HD
HD
HD
SD
SD
SD
SDSD
SDSDSDSD
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
SD
4-channel bondinggroup
HD
HD
4 separate QAM channels
Channel capacity 10 SD +
5 HD streams
No more room for HD
10 SD + 5 HD streams
2 additional HD streams Unbonded channels create
inefficient boundaries
Bonding drives efficient “Packing”
Benefit varies
MPEG2/4 HD/SD mix
Bonding group size
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 65
Efficiency Gains from VBR Video
Support 40 – 60% more streams with VBR video
Law of large number works in favor of VBR statmux in fat pipe
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 66
DOCSIS 3.0 Channel Bonding Concepts A CM is unaware of the concept of bonding groups; it is only aware
of the set of downstreams it must tune to and the flows it must forward, as instructed by the CMTS
A CM can receive traffic from multiple BGs simultaneously
–Bonding groups may have different aggregate BW based on services supported, ie 1 BG = HSD and another BG = IPTV
Different CMs in a Service Group can receive traffic from different bonding groups, ie different BGs based on subscription levels
CM may tune to a subset of the downstreams configured for a SG
–Number of receive channels on CM does not need to equal number of RF channels allocated to DOCSIS service (HSD/VoIP/IPTV)
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 67
Bonding Group Selection
A CM can receive traffic from multiple BGs
Operator can steer flows to particular BGs by configuring Service Flow attributes for each BG
–CMTS uses SF-attributes when selecting BG for a flow
Operator could choose to set aside a BG for Cable IPTV and a separate BG for HSD/VoIP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 68
CMCM
STB / PC
CMTS
IntegratedorModular
CMTS
IntegratedorModular
CMCM
STB / PC
CMCM
STB / PC
CMCM
STB / PC
CMCM
STB / PC
CMCM
STB / PC
VideoHeadend
Internet
IPTVSystem
VoIPSystem
IPTV
HSD/VoIP
HSD/VoIP
Service Group 1
Service Group n
DOCSIS 3.0 Channel BondingSeparate DS bonding groups for HSD/Voice and IPTV
IPTV
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 69
CMCM
PC
CMTS
IntegratedorModular
CMTS
IntegratedorModular
CMCM
PC
CMCM
STB / PC
CMCM
PC
CMCM
PC
CMCM
STB / PC
VideoHeadend
Internet
IPTVSystem
VoIPSystem
RFSpanning
RF SpanningInitial low-penetration IPTV deployments
HSD/VoIP
HSD/VoIP
Service Group 1
Service Group nIPTV
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 70
Cisco Architecture for D3.0 & M-CMTS
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 71
Cisco DOCSIS 3.0 DS Solution Deployed Worldwide Today
DOCSIS 3.0 Bronze functionality
Flexible M-CMTS Design
>2x DS capacity with incremental D3.0 module upgrade
– 40 to 184 DOCSIS DS ports
– 7Gbps CMTS Solution
DS channel bonding and narrowband currently supported on IOS 12.3(23)BC and 12.2(33)SCB
– Compatible with all versions of the 5x20 including S,U, and H
US channel bonding supported in the Bighorn IOS release (FCS November 2009)
– US channel bonding supported on the 5x20H, 3G60, 20x20
Supports >50,000 RGU’s per uBR10K
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 72
Cisco DOCSIS 3.0 DS Solution Narrowband enables legacy DOCSIS [1.x/2.0] modems to
use external QAMs for operation
Load Balancing and DCC techniques 1 – 4 are fully supported on SPA EQAM DS channels.
– determine CM is an eMTA & initiate DCC to HA DS
Uses M-CMTS compliant Edge-QAM (EQAM) devices
Uses M-CMTS compliant DTI timing source for DS channels
Full Layer 3 IP routing feature set
– Advanced QoS, VoIP, PCMM and MPLS VPN support for bonded services
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 73
Cisco uBR10012 DOCSIS 3.0 SolutionReference Architecture
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 75
DOCSIS 3.0 Option 1 Wiring Diagram
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 76
Cisco DOCSIS 3.0 M-CMTS
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 77
DOCSIS 3.0 Solution for the uBR7200VXR SeriesUBR-MC8x8U---Extending UBR7200 Series to DOCSIS3.0 Full DOCSIS 3.0 compliance
–DS bonding/US bonding
–Legacy DOCSIS 1.x and 2.0 modem support
–Multicast, IPv6 and other DOCSIS 3.0 specs
–S-CDMA and logical channels
–AES encryption
Same form-factor as current UBR-MC28U line card, upgrade is simple LC swap
Operates in 8 DS/8 US mode on UBR7225VXR and UBR7246VXR, 4x DS density of the existing MC28U line card
Requires UBR7200-NPE-G2
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 78
DOCSIS 3.0 evolution with the UBR10k
MC520H with D3.0 SPA
– 88 DS solution with DS bonding
MC520H with 6 D3.0 SPA, PRE4 and 10G
– 184 DS solution enables 5+ DS per FN
US Bonding on the MC520H
– Enables higher US rate service offerings
MC2020
– Full D3.0 capability and line rate US bonding
– Easy upgrade from 520H; interoperable with the D3.0 SPA
MC3G60
– Enables 8+ channel DS bonding at scale
– Scales US by 3x
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 79
US Channel Bonding on MC520H
DOCSIS 3.0 2, 3, and 4 channel US bonding supported
100 Mbps throughput on US bonded flows per line card
DOCSIS Line rate on D2.0/Non-bonded CM
BPI+ and PHS support for 3.0 and 2.0 flows
Dynamic BW sharing between 2.0 and 3.0 flows
Feature supports provisioning 3.0 CM in bonded or non-bonded configuration
Different US rates supported in Bonding Group
–For example: 16QAM/3.2Mhz + 64QAM/6.4Mhz
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 80
Cisco uBR10K MC2020 Linecard
• Full DOCSIS 3.0 support
DSCB
USCB
IPv6
MCast
AES
• Upgrade for MC520 LCs
Same RF Cabling
Very low operational impact
• Greater than 7x DS capacity in same 10K footprint
Grow from 40 DSs to 304 DSs with MC2020 and six D3.0 SPAs
>10Gbps CMTS solution
• Full HA support
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 81
MC2020 Features Full DOCSIS 3.0 compliance
–DS bonding/US bonding
–Legacy DOCSIS 1.x and 2.0 modem support
–Multicast, IPv6 and other DOCSIS 3.0 specs
–S-CDMA and logical channels
–AES encryption
Line rate performance on US and DS on all channels (Annex A/B) MC2020 as Protect for MC520 and MC2020 Full Feature parity with MC520 PRE2/PRE4 support Interoperable with the DOCSIS 3.0 DS SPA SW licensing
– 0x20V, 5x20V, and 20x20v SKUs
– 5 DS, 15 DS, and 20 DS upgrade licenses will be made available
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 82
MC2020 with MC520H in the same UBR10K chassis
• MC2020 in 2 slots configured as “Working”
• 1 MC2020 configured as “Protect”
• MC520H occupy other RF slots (“Working”)
• MC2020 acts as Protect for BOTH MC520H/MC2020
• SPA slots can be occupied by 6 D3.0 DS SPA
Slots Filled
DS Spigots
DS Channels
MC520H 5 25 (5 * 5) 25
MC2020 2 10 (2 * 5) 40
D3.0 SPA6 (SPA Slots)
6 GigE 144
MC2020 as Protect
For 520H and 2020Total DS channels in this configuration
25 + 40 + 144 = 209
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 83
uBR10K
Cisco uBR10K MC3G60 LinecardM
C3G
60
MC
3G60
MC
3G60
MC
3G60
MC
3G60
MC
3G60
MC
3G60
RFGW-10
MC
3G60
US
DS
• Greater than 12x DS capacity in same uBR10K installed chassis
• 576 DS (504 DS with HA)
• ~20Gbps DOCSIS connectivity
• 10Gbps backhaul
• 3x US capacity
• 480 US (420 US in HA)
• Up to 12:1 freq stacking on US ports
• Scalable and efficient uBR10K and RFGW-10 matching
• Full HA on 10K and RFGW-10
GE
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 84
3G60 Highlights Full DOCSIS 3.0 compliance
–Line rate DS bonding/US bonding
–Legacy DOCSIS 1.x and 2.0 modem support
–Multicast, IPv6 and other DOCSIS 3.0 specs
–S-CDMA and logical channels
–AES encryption
–DEPI M-CMTS
–15 Mac Domains per LC
72 DS channels and 60 US channels
N+1 LC redundancy
Flexible US and DS ratios (4/8/16/24 channel DS bonding)
SW licensing options
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 85
Bandwidth Growth / Capacity Transition Points10K Migration
Saratoga
Spumoni
20x20
3G60
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Gbp
s pe
r 35
K H
HP
HSD 3.0
HSD+VDOC1
HSD+VDOC2
• uBR10K scales well ahead of maximum bandwidth demand• 3G60 supports high-capacity V-DOC in 1 chassis through 2015
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 86
Summary
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 87
New Technology Cornerstones DOCSIS 3.0 - channel bonding for higher capacity
–Enable faster HSD service–MxN mac domains now–Enable video over IP solutions
M-CMTS–Lower cost downstream PHY–De-couple DS and US ports
I-CMTS–Allows higher capacity in same box–Same wiring
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 88
DOCSIS 3.0/M-CMTS Concluding Remarks
Promises ten times BW at fraction of cost
Introduce new HSD service of 50 to 75 Mbps
Backward compatible with existing DOCSIS standards
Allows migration of existing customers to higher tier and DOCSIS 3.0 capability
Allows more BW for legacy DOCSIS 2.0 CM
Allows for a phased deployment
IPV6, US bonding, and other features will follow
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco ConfidentialPresentation_ID 89