Post on 31-Dec-2015
description
transcript
United States Army Combined Arms Center
As of 4 February 2013
United States Army Combined Arms Center
Techniques
Army Doctrine Publications (ADP)
Army Doctrine Reference Publications (ADRP) [1 per ADP]
Field Manuals (FM)
Army Techniques Pubs (ATP)
Fundamentalprinciples
Detailed information onfundamentals
Tactics and Procedures
Authenticated version on APDInput through wiki version
[15 ADPs]
[50 FMs]
TechniquesTechniquesTechniquesTechniques Techniques
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
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Doctrine 2015 Overview
ADRP 3-28
United States Army Combined Arms Center
• A Department of the Army Publication that contains the “Fundamental principles by which the military forces or elements thereof guide their actions in support of national objectives. It is authoritative but requires judgment in application (JP 1-02).”
• Explains the fundamentals of the subject and how these support ADP 3-0, Operations.
• ADP 1 (The Army), 3-0 (Unified Land Operations), 7-0 (Training), and 6-22 (Army Leadership) are approved by the Chief of Staff of the Army. All other ADPs approved by the
CAC CG.
• Generally limited to approximately 10 pages.
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VideoBookDemo
Army Doctrine Publications (ADP)
United States Army Combined Arms Center
• ADPs are supported by an ADRP - “detailed explanation of all doctrinal principles which provide the foundational understanding so everyone in the Army can interpret it the same way.” • Army Doctrine (Department of the Army Publication) of less than 100 pages and approved by the CAC CG.
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Army Doctrine Reference Publications (ADRP)
IMIDemo
ADRP 3-28
United States Army Combined Arms Center
• Army Doctrine (Department of the Army Publication) that lays out tactics and procedures:
• Main body (maximum of 200 pages) contains tactics -“The employment and ordered arrangement of forces in relation to each other (JP 1-02).”
• Appendices contain procedures - “standard, detailed steps that prescribe how to perform specific tasks (JP 1-02”). Procedures require stringent adherence to steps without variance.
• Describes how the Army executes operations described in ADP.
• FMs are approved by the CAC CG as the TRADOC proponent for Army Doctrine.
• There will be 50 FMs.
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
FieldManual
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Doctrine Knowledge Map
Demo
Field Manuals (FM)
Decisive Action
Reference Publications
Branches
Types of Operations/Activities
Warfighting Functions
OtherEchelons
FM 3-07
StabilityOperations
FM 3-90/1Offense
AndDefense
FM 3-90/2
Recon, Security
and Enabling
Tasks
FM 6-99Report and MessageFormat
FM 7-15
Army Universal Task List
FM 27-10
The Law of Land
Warfare
FM 6-0Commander
and Staff Officer
Guidance
FM 2-0
Intelligence
FM 3-09
Field Artillery
Operations
FM 4-95 Logistics
Operations
FM 3-05Army
Special Operations
FM 3-95
Infantry BrigadeCombat
Team Operations
FM 3-96ArmoredBrigade Combat
Team Operations
FM 3-97
Stryker Brigade Combat
Team Operations
FM 3-98
Recon and Security
Organizations
FM 4-02
ArmyHealthSystem
FM 6-02
Signal Support to Operations
FM 3-01
Air and Missile Defense
Operations
FM 3-11
CBRN Operations
FM 3-39
Military Police
Operations
FM 3-04
Aviation Operations
FM 1-0
Human Resources
Support
FM 3-57
Civil Affairs
FM 3-53
Military Information
Support Operations
FM 3-34
Engineer Operations
FM 3-61
Army Public Affairs
FM 4-01
Transport-ation
FM 4-30
Ordnance Operations
FM 4-40
Quarter-master
Operations
FM 1-05
Religious Support
FM 1-06
Financial Management Operations
FM 1-04Legal
Support tothe
OperationalArmy
FM 3-94
Echelons Above Brigade
FM 3-55
Information Collection
FM 3-81
Maneuver Enhancement
BDE
FM 3-63Internment
and Resettlement
FM 3-13
Inform and Influence Activities
FM 3-38
Cyber- Electromagn
etic Activities
FM 3-14
ArmySpace
Operations
FM 2-22.3
HUMINT Collector
Operations
FM 3-52
Airspace Control
FM 3-24
Counter-insurgency
FM 3-50
PersonnelRecovery
FM 3-27
Army Global Ballistic Missile Defense
Operations
FM 3-16
Multinational Operations
FM 3-99
Airborneand Air Assault
Operations
FM 3-22
ArmySupport to
Security Cooperation
FM 5-02
Operational Environment
Special Category
FM 7-22Army
Physical Readiness Training
Doctrine 2015 FMs
United States Army Combined Arms Center
TechniquesTechniques Techniques Techniques Techniques Techniques
• Publications that contain techniques - “Non-prescriptive ways or methods used to perform missions, functions, or tasks (JP 1-02).”
• Each authenticated techniques pub has a draft version on a Wiki site:• Wiki version allows input from the field to rapidly change approved publication• Each technique pub has an assigned proponent responsible for monitoring input
via Wiki and making changes to the authenticated publication.
• No limit on the size of techniques or how many separate documents.
• Approval authority is the proponent.
DraftTechniques
DraftTechniques
DraftTechniques
DraftTechniques
DraftTechniques
DraftTechniques
DepartmentalPublication
On Wiki Site – Feeder for changes
to approved pub
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milWikiDemo
Army Techniques Pubs
United States Army Combined Arms Center
31 Aug 2012: ADP/ADRPs complete Done (except ADRPs 1 & 3-28)
31 Dec 2013: All Doctrine 2015 FMs complete
31 Dec 2015: All remaining knowledge transitioned to Army Techniques Publications with a draft version of each on a milwiki site
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Doctrine 2015 Transition Timeline
United States Army Combined Arms Center As of 19 SEP12
ADP 1 – The ArmyThe Army’s Roles The Army’s Mission -
Fight and win the Nation’s wars through prompt and sustained land
combat, as part of the joint force Trust Military Expertise
Esprit de Corps Honorable Service
Stewardship Military & civilian
professionals
Security cooperationForce Tailoring
Entry operationsMission command
Support joint & Army forcesDSCA
Mobilize & integrate the Reserve Components
Core Competencies
Enabling Competencies
Our Profession
Combined arms maneuverWide area security
Win the current fight Develop the Future Army
Maintain reserve readinessAll-volunteer force
Develop future leaders Strengthen the profession
Soldiers for life
Our Continuing Duty
PreventShapeWin
The Army is Landpower
UNCLASSIFIED
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ADP 1THE ARMY
SEPTEMBER 2012DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION:Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
10
1905
19231939
19411944
194919541962196819761982
19931986
The 19th edition of the Army’s capstone operational doctrine
The 19th edition of the Army’s capstone operational doctrine
2001
20111905-1938: Field Service Regulations1939-2000: FM 100-5, Operations2001-2008: FM 3-0, Operations2011- : ADP/ADRP 3-0, Unified Land Operations
19141913
2008
10
1910
Reasons for Change • Significant recent operational
experience• Evolving policy and doctrine• Joint and Army transformation
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
Enduring Themes• Emphasis on Leadership and Soldiers
• Importance of Initiative
• Mission Command
• The Operational Environment
• Simultaneous Offense, Defense, Stability or DSCA
• Concept of Combat Power
• Warfighting Functions
• Operations Process
• Joint Interdependence
• Principles of War
• Operational Art
• Unified Action
2008
11
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
New, Added, or Significantly Modified • Range of Military Operations • Operational Concept - Unified Land Operations• Decisive Action • Core Competencies• Tenets• Operational Art• Army Design Methodology• Operational Framework
Eliminated
• Full Spectrum Operations
• Spectrum of Conflict
• Operational Themes
Changes
2008
12
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future 13
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
Range of Military Operations
Arms Control and Disarmament (JP 3-0) Noncombatant Evacuation (JP 3-68)
Civil Support/DSCA (JP 3-28 and FM 3-28) Peace Operations (JP 3-07.3)
Combating Terrorism (JP 3-07.2) Raid (FM 3-90)
Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction (JP 3‑40)
Recovery Operations (JP 3-50 and FM 3-50.1)
Counterinsurgency (JP 3-24 and FM 3-24)Security Force Assistance (AR 12-1 and FM 3‑07.1)
Enforcement of Sanctions (JP 3-0) Show of Force (JP 3-0)
Foreign Humanitarian Assistance (JP 3-29) Stability Operations (FM 3-07)
Foreign Internal Defense (JP 3-22 and FM 3‑05.202)
Strike (JP 3-0)
Homeland Defense (JP 3-27 and FM 3-28) Unconventional Warfare (JP 3-05 and FM 3‑05)
Large-scale Combat (FM 3-90)
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ROMO replaces both Spectrum of Conflict and Operational Themes
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
The Operational Environment
A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the
decisions of the commander (JP 1-02).
A composite of the conditions, circumstances, and influences that affect the employment of capabilities and bear on the
decisions of the commander (JP 1-02).
OPERATIONAL VARIABLES MISSION VARIABLES
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Anticipated Operational Environment
• US must project power into region, opposed.
• US must seize at least one base of operations (maybe more).
• Threat of WMD will require dispersal of US forces and decentralized operations.
• Size of theater (space and population) will exceed US ability to control.
Operational Environment replaces battlespace as a term. Operational Environment is not the Area of Operations.
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
The Operating Concept“The Army’s operating concept is the core of its doctrine. It must be uniformly known and understood within the Service . . .”
Unified Land Operations…describes how the Army seizes, retains, and exploits the initiative to gain and maintain a position of relative advantage in sustained land operations through simultaneous offensive, defensive, and stability operations in order to prevent or deter conflict, prevail in war, and create the conditions for favorable conflict resolution.
Unified Land Operations…describes how the Army seizes, retains, and exploits the initiative to gain and maintain a position of relative advantage in sustained land operations through simultaneous offensive, defensive, and stability operations in order to prevent or deter conflict, prevail in war, and create the conditions for favorable conflict resolution.
The operating concept describes how Army forces adapt to meet the distinct requirements of unified land operations . . . broad enough to describe
operations now and in the near future . . . flexible enough to apply in any situation worldwide.
The operating concept describes how Army forces adapt to meet the distinct requirements of unified land operations . . . broad enough to describe
operations now and in the near future . . . flexible enough to apply in any situation worldwide.
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Unified Land Operations replacesFull Spectrum Operations as the
Army’s Operational Concept
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
Decisive Action
- The simultaneous combinations of offensive, defensive, and
stability or defense support of civil authorities tasks.
- Operations outside the U. S. and its territories simultaneously
combine three elements—offense, defense, and stability.
- Within the U. S. and its territories, decisive action combines the
elements of defense support of civil authorities (DSCA) and, as
required, offense and defense to support homeland defense.
- The emphasis on different elements of decisive action changes
with echelon, time, and location.
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Decisive Action replaces Full Spectrum Operations as the Army term forsimultaneous combinations of Offense, Defense, and Stability/DSCA tasks.
Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) replaces Civil Support
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
Army Core Competencies
- Combined Arms Maneuver - is the application of the elements of
combat power in unified action to defeat enemy ground forces; to
seize, occupy, and defend land areas; and to achieve physical,
temporal, and psychological advantages over the enemy to seize
and exploit the initiative.
- Wide Area Security - is the application of the elements of combat
power in unified action to protect populations, forces, infrastructure,
and activities; to deny the enemy positions of advantage; and to
consolidate gains in order to retain the initiative.
- Combined arms maneuver and wide area security provide the Army
a focus and construct for understanding how Army forces use
combined arms to achieve success.
- As core competencies, they uniquely define what the Army
provides the joint force commander . 18
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
Operational ArtOperational art is cognitive approach by commanders and staffs—supported by their skill,
knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgment—to develop strategies, campaigns, and operations to organize and employ military forces by integrating ends, ways, and means (JP 3-0)
- For Army forces, operational art is the pursuit of strategic objectives, in whole or in part, through the
arrangement of tactical actions in time, space, and purpose.
- Operational art applies to all aspects of operations and integrates ends, ways, and means,
while accounting for risk, across the levels of war.
- Operational art spans a continuum—from comprehensive strategic direction to concrete
tactical actions.
- Army commanders plan and execute major operations, battles, engagements, and activities to
achieve military objectives in support of the joint force commander’s campaign plan.
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Elements of Operational ArtEnd state and conditions BasingCenter of Gravity* TempoDecisive points* Phasing and transitionsLines of Operations and Lines of Effort* Culmination*Operational reach* Risk(* Common to elements of operational design)
The Army does not conduct campaigns. Joint force headquarters plan and execute campaigns and major operations, while Service…components of the joint force conduct subordinate supporting and supported major operations, battles, and engagements, not independent campaigns. JP 5-0, page II-22
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
Operational Framework
The operational framework has three ways to conceptually organize
operations.
Decisive-Shaping-Sustaining Operations: The decisive-shaping
sustaining framework lends itself to a broad conceptual orientation based on
purpose.
Deep-Close-Security Operations: Historically associated with terrain
orientation, but can be also applied to temporal and organizational
orientations. ADRP 3-0 defines deep, close, and support areas.
Main and Support Efforts: The main and supporting efforts framework
focuses on prioritizing effort among subordinate units.
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Operational Framework
Decisive-Shaping-SustainingDeep-Close-SecurityMain-Supporting Efforts
X
X
DIVMain
X
BCT AO
BCT AO
MEB AO
OBJ
OBJ SUSTX
XX
XX
XX
XX
X
FSCLFSCL
XXOBJ
X
XX
Support Area Deep Area
Linear AO Authorities/Responsibilities when assigned an AO
• Terrain Management• Intelligence Collection• Civil Affairs Activities• Movement Control (air/ground)• Clearance of Fires• Security• Personnel Recovery• Environmental Considerations
Close Area
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X
X
X
SUSTX
X
XX
BCT AO
BCT AOMEB AO X
DIV
Main
XX
X
XX
XX
XX
X
X
X
X
X
X
BCT AO X
X
X
Non-Linear & Non-Contiguous AO
X
X
SUSTX
XX
X
BCT AO
BCT AO
BCT AOMEB AO
X
X
DIV
Main
XX
XX
XX
XX
X
X
X
X
Support Area Close Area Deep Area
Non-Linear & Contiguous AO
A Blueprint for an Uncertain Future
Other Doctrine
2323
Mission Command and The Operations Process
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1982
Art of Command, Science of Control, CDR’s Intent, Unity of Command, Initiative, Mission Orders
AirLand Battle(1982)
War &MOOTW(1993)
FSO(2001)
Unified Land
Operations(2012)
FSO/Modular
Force(2008)
Cold War Panama
Desert Storm
Somalia
Balkans
Afghanistan
Iraq
Command, Control,Communications
Mission Command (Philosophy)
Battle Command (Enemy oriented)
C2 Battlefield Operation System MC WFFC2 WFF
1993 2001 2008 2012
Co
ns
tan
tE
vo
lvin
g
Evolving Concepts of Mission Command
• Known enemy• Top down
understanding and detailed control
• Static command post and staff oriented processes
• Limited network
• Complex environments across the range of military operations
• Bottom up understanding and more decentralized control
• Commander centric• Network enabled
Persistent conflict
• Technological advances
• Lessons learned
Mission command replaces battle command and C2
2010
To win in this environment the Army exercises …
Nature of OperationsArmy forces conduct operations in a
complex, ever-changing, and uncertain operational environmentacross a range of military operations.
Central Idea of Mission Command
Mission Command Warfighting Function The related tasks and systems that develop and integrate those activities enabling a
commander to balance the art of command and the science of control in order to integrate the other warfighting functions.
Executed through the…
Mission Command (A Philosophy of Command)Exercise of authority and direction by the commander using mission
orders to enable disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent to empower agile and adaptive leaders in the conduct of unified land
operations.
The Army’s approach to mission command unifies the philosophy of command with the warfighting function.
- Build cohesive teams through mutual trust - Exercise disciplined initiative
- Create shared understanding - Use mission orders- Provide a clear commander's intent - Accept prudent risk
The principles of mission command assist commanders and staff in balancing the Art of Command with the Science of Control
Mission CommandExercise of authority and direction by the commander using mission orders to enable
disciplined initiative within the commander’s intent to empower agile and adaptive leaders in the
conduct of unified land operations.
Mission Command Warfighting FunctionThe related tasks and systems that develop and integrate those activities enabling a commander to
balance the art of command and the science of control in order to integrate the other warfighting
functions.
Guides
As a warfighting function, mission command consists of the related tasks and a mission command system that support the exercise of authority and direction by the commander.
Commander Tasks:• Drive the operations process through the
activities of understand, visualize, describe, direct, lead and assess
• Develop teams, both within their own organizations and with unified action partners
• Inform and influence audiences, inside and outside their organizations
Staff Tasks:• Conduct the operations process (plan, prepare,
execute, assess)• Conduct knowledge management and
information management• Conduct inform and influence activities• Conduct cyber electromagnetic activities
Leads
Supports
The mission command system enables the exercise of authority and direction by the commander.
Mission Command System:
- Personnel - Processes and Procedures- Networks - Facilities and
Equipment- Information Systems
Together mission command and the mission command warfighting function guides, integrates, and synchronizes Army forces throughout the conduct of unified land operations.
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Mission Command and Doctrine 2015
TechniquesTechniques
TechniquesTechniques
FM 3-13
Inform andInfluence Activities
FM 3-38
Cyber-Electromagnetic
Activities
FM 6-0
Commanderand Staff
Organization and
Operations
FM 6-02
Signal Support toOperations
FM 3-57
CivilAffairs
FM 3-52
AirspaceControl
FM 3-53
MilitaryInformation
SupportOperations
FM 3-61
Public Affairs
Operations
ADP 5-0 and ADRP 5-0
• Central Idea• Principles of the Operations Process• Planning• Preparing• Executing• Assessing
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Central IdeaThe Operations Process
The Army’s framework for exercising mission command is the operations process—the major mission command activities performed during operations: planning, preparing, executing, and continuously assessing the operation.
Guided by the principles of…
- Commanders drive the operations process - Apply critical and creative thinking
- Build and maintain situational understanding - Encourage collaboration and
dialogue
Commanders, supported by their staffs, use the operations process to drive the conceptual and detailed planning necessary to understand, visualize, and describe their operational environment; make and articulate decisions; and direct, lead, and assess military operations.
Central idea…
Guided by the principles of…
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Principles of the Operations Process Commanders drive the operations process
Commanders are the most important participants in the operations process. While staffs perform essential functions that amply the effectiveness of operations, commanders drive the operations process through understanding, visualizing, describing, directing, leading, and assessing operations.
The commander’s role in the operations process was formerly know as “battle command”.
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The commander’s intent is a clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and the desired military end state that supports mission command, provides focus to the staff, and helps subordinate and supporting commanders act to achieve the commander’s desired results without further orders, even when the operation does not unfold as planned (JP 3-0).
The commander’s intent includes:
• Purpose - an expanded description of the operation’s purpose beyond the “why” of the mission statement.
• Key tasks – those significant activities the force as a whole must perform to achieve the desired end state.
• End state – a description of the desired future conditions that represent success.
Principles of the Operations Process Commanders drive the operations process (continued)
• Adopts joint definition of commander’s intent
• Reintroduces “key tasks” as a component of the commander’s intent
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Planning
Planning results in a plan and orders that communicates a common vision and synchronize the action of forces in time, space, and purpose to achieve objectives and accomplish missions.
Planning is the art and science of understanding a situation, envisioning a desired future, and laying out effective ways of bringing that future about (ADP 5-0).
• Commanders focus planning.• Develop simple, flexible plans
through mission orders. • Optimize available planning
time.• Continually refine the plan.
Guidelines for effective planning
• Army design methodlogy• Military decisionmaking
Process• Troop leading procedures
Army planning methodologies
• Retitles “design” to “Army design methodlogy”• Modifies step 7 of the MDMP from “orders production” to “orders production,
dissemination, and transition”. • Details of the MDMP, TLP, and the OPORD format is now in ATTP 5-0.1.
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Execution is putting a plan into action by applying combat power to accomplish the mission (ADP 5‑0).
Execution
*
34Blue = New Material
Doctrine 2015 FM 6-0 • Ch 1: Mission Command & Operations Process
Overview • Ch 2: Command Post Organization and Operations • Ch 3: Staff Duties and Responsibilities • Ch 4: Managing Knowledge and Information • Ch 5: Critical and Creative Thinking• Ch 6: Problem Solving • Ch 7: Staff Studies• Ch 8: Decision Papers• Ch 9: Military Briefings • Ch 10: Running Estimates• Ch 11: The Military Decisionmaking Process• Ch 12: Troop Leading Procedures• Ch 13: Military Deception• Ch 14: Rehearsals• Ch 15: Liaison• Ch 16: Assessment Plans• Ch 17: After Action Reviews• App A: Army Command and Support Relationships• App B: Plans and Orders Formats• App C: Annex Formats
FM 6-0
Commander
and Staff Organization
and Operations
ADP/ADRP 7-0 Training Units and Developing Leaders
Overview Concepts How-ToDoctrine
Unit Training Management on the Army Training Network (ATN)
https://atn.army.mil
• Train leaders to train . . . achieve “training overmatch” and return to commander-centric training
• Army’s Operations & Training Management Processes are the same: plan, prepare, execute and assess
• Integrate leader development objectives into training objectives using Training Management Process
• Web-based tools (ATN/CATS/DTMS) enable training management
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UNCLASSIFIED
United States Army Combined Arms Center
• Framework for Army forces to support Combatant Commander’s objectives by, with, and through Theater Armies that:
build defense and security relationships and promote specific U.S. security interests
develop friendly and allied military capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations
provide U.S. forces with peacetime and contingency access to host nations
• In-depth discussion of how the Army plans, prepares, executes and assesses security cooperation activities and associated tasks
• Focuses on security cooperation planning, execution and the attributes of the advisor in Unified Land Operations across the range of military operations.
• Combined fundamentals of Security Cooperation, Security Assistance, Security Force Assistance and Foreign Internal Development.
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FM 3-22
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United States Army Combined Arms Center
Important Web SitesThe Army Publishing Directorate (go to Doctrine and Training Publications on the Publications pull-
down menu) - http://www.apd.army.mil/
The Doctrinal Term update section that only includes quarterly doctrinal term changes (current quarter changes): https://www.milsuite.mil/book/docs/DOC-25269
An "Army Doctrine Term Changes Historical Database" that provides current and past terminology changes (perpetual living document): https://www.milsuite.mil/book/docs/DOC-40298
Current Army doctrine terminology can be found at the "Army Dictionary“ JDEIS website. This website is updated once a month in an effort to maintain current Army doctrine terminology (terms and acronyms). https://jdeis.js.mil/jdeis/index.jsp?pindex=207