Post on 03-Jul-2015
transcript
PREVALENCE OF EYE DISORDERS IN CHILDREN OF 5 – 16 YEARS AGE GROUP,IN DISTRICT DEHRADUN.
Dr Aditi Sharma, Dr Amit Maitreya, Dr Jayanti Semwal Prof Harsh Bahadur
Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences , HIHT University.
INTRODUCTION
In the world today, a child goes blind every minute. Upto
60% die within one year of becoming blind.
Blindness in children accounts for one third of the economic cost of blindnes.Although, it represents less than 4% of the overall magnitude of blindness.
WHO estimates incidence of childhood blindness as 0.75 per 1000 children
The leading causes of visual impairment in children are :
refractive errors
vitamin A deficiency
congenital cataract
retinal conditions and others.
Hence, keeping in view of all the above this study was done.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
To find out the prevalence of eye disorders in children of 5-16 years age group .
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The proposed study was conducted by the Department of Ophthalmology, HIMS, Dehradun
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
SAMPLING: Multistage stratified random sampling.
SETTING: Government and Private Schools in the Doiwalablock of Dehradun.
PARTICIPANTS: 5918 students ; 3462 males and 2456 females .
• First stage: Out of the 13 zones in the Doiwala block, 6 (46%) were selected
• Out of 42 schools , 21 (50%) were randomly selected.
Second Stage:
The visual acuity was measured using Snellen’s chart by an Optometrist.
Initially, a torch light examination was done by an ophthalmologist at the school.
o Children with visual acuity less than 6/9 in either eye, and any other ocular disorder were refferred to HIMS.
Interpretation and analysis of the data : Epi Info Software and chi-square test was used.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400N
um
be
r o
f Ch
ild
ren
School
School wise distribution of children
Male
Female
RESULTS
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Group I(5-7) GroupII(8-10) GroupIII(11-13) GroupIV(14-16)
331431
717
1983
294 333
662
1167
Male
Female
TOTAL OF 5918 CHILDREN : 3462 MALES AND 2456 FEMALES WERE INCLUDED
AGE AND SEXWISE DISTRIBUTION OF CHILDREN
AGE IN YEARS
NU
MB
ER
OF
CH
ILD
RE
N
Age Group wise distribution of children with ocular morbidity
Age group Ocular Morbidity present Total
Group I (5-7 years) 32 (5%) 625
Group II (8-10 years) 58 (7.5%) 764
Group III (11 -13 years) 84 (6%) 1379
Group IV(14 -16 years) 117 (3.7%) 3150
Total 291 (4.92%) 5918
MAXIMUM CHILDREN WERE IN GROUP II AND MINIMUM IN GROUP
IV
Overall, the ocular morbidity was more in children less than 10 years of age (6.48%)
As the age increased (>10 years), children with ocular morbidity decreased (4.4%).
This relationship was found to be statistically significant, with a p value <0.05.
Sex wise distribution of children with Ocular Morbidity
159
3462
Male
132
2456
Female
Ocular Morbidity present Total
There was no statistically significant relationship between sex and ocular morbidity with a p value >0.05.
93
16
1210
4 33 2 1
3 3 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 0
71
16
12 13
3 3 2 2 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 10
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100N
um
be
r o
f Ch
ild
ren
Ocular Diseases
DISTRIBUTION OF OCULAR DISEASES
Male
Female
CONCLUSION This study was the first of its kind done in Uttarakhand and
more studies can be done at a larger scale for future strategic planning………..
With increase in age, there is a decrease in the ocular morbidity.
Hence children in younger age group should be examined more meticulously and patiently……
Refractive error was the commonest cause of ocular morbidity
Effective methods of vision screening in school children are useful in detecting correctable causes of decreased vision,, especially refractive errors and in minimizing long-term visual disability..
THANK YOU