Dr. V.S. Rana Division of Agricultural Chemicals Indian Agricultural Research Institute Pusa Campus, New Delhi-12 e-mail address:ranavs2000@yahoo.com

Training cum workshop on “Essential oil, Perfumery & Aromatherapy ”,

Hotel Connaught, New Delhi on March14, 2015

Synthetic Natural (Plants and Animals)

Civetone

Muscone

(Macrocyclic ketone)

Civet, a nocturnal cat, native to tropical Asia and Africa, especially the tropical forests

Musk deer live mainly in southern Asian Himalayas

Glandular products

Animal sources

Mentha

Lemongrass

Palmarosa

Citronella

Vetiver

Jasmine

Rose

Basil

Patchouli

Distillation methods Hydrodistillation Steam hydrodistillation Steam distillation

Solvent extraction method Cold pressing Enfleurage Supercritical fluid extraction

Without organic solvent

Using organic solvents

Drying of oil

Steam generator

Plant materials

Condenser

Oil collection tank

oil

Condensed water

Water inlet

Water outlet Removable lid

Heating system

Using soxhlet apparatus

Application

Preparation of concrete and absolute using

organic solvents

Cold extraction

An absolute is the most concentrated form of fragrance (and the most costly), and is mostly used in the perfume industry

Warming & stirring with alcohol

What is a concrete, resinoid and an absolute?

Carbon dioxide: Critical temperature= 31.3 degree Celsius and Critical pressure 73 atm)

SFE Lab scale

This method is utilized to obtain the

essential oils from the rinds of citrus fruits like lemon, orange, bergamot and grapefruit. The rinds from the fruit are alienated and then they are pressed and outcomes into an essential oil.

Process that uses odorless fats, solid fat,lard (pork) and tallow (beef) at room temperature to extract the fragrant compounds from the aromatic parts of the plants

Oil layer

Oil in water

Water layer

Pure Essential Oil

Drying of Oil

Discard, if not useful

Separatory funnel