EDUCATIO

N DEVELO

PMENT

IN

SOUTH A

SIA

COMPARING EDUCATION SYSTEMS: PAKISTAN AND INDIA

Overall South Asia has low levels of health and education

Why is that? Brainstorm a list

of reasons why this region might have some of the lowest levels of health and education.

PAKISTAN AND INDIA’S EDUCATION

  Pakistan India

Literacy Rate 49.85% 61.01%

Primary Education Completion

63% 90%

# of students enrolled in post-secondary schools

401,056 11,295,041

Life Expectancy 65.99 66.8

Unemployment Rate 15% 10.8%

EDUCATION IN SRI LANKA

Social indicators comparable to U.S.

Universal Education and inexpensive medical clinics

Significant GDP growth

Poverty decreasesImprovements

occurred during a long civil war

Struggling with secondary education and post-secondary

THE STATE OF KERALA’S SUCCESS IN INDIA

Health Indicators

Kerala India

Total Fertility rate (per woman)

1.70 2.90

Death rate (per 1,000 population)

6.60 7.40

Birth rate (per 1,000 population)

14.60 22.80

Couple Protection rate (%)

62.30 52

Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 population)

12.00 53.00

Life at birth (Male)

71.40 62.60

Life at birth (Average)

74.00 63.50

Life at birth (Female)

76.30 64.20

Maternal mortality ratio (per lakh live births) * 2009

110 301

Year Persons MalesFemales1951 47.18 58.35 36.431961 55.08 64.89 45.561971 69.75 77.13 62.531981 78.85 84.56 73.361991 89.81 93.62 86.172001 90.92 94.20 87.862011 94.59 97.10 92.12

Literacy Rates in Kerala

MORE ON INDIA’S EDUCATION SYSTEM

Elementary Education- Low Literacy Rates- Rampant teacher absenteeism- Low reading, writing and Math scores

Higher Education- A highly centralized system- Low gross enrolment ratios- Paradox of brilliant graduates and a dysfunctional education system- Difficult to get into

HIGHER EDUCATION : SOME CONCERNS

• India has significant advantages in the 21st century knowledge race:

• It has a large higher education sector — the third largest in the world in student numbers, after China and the United States.

• It uses English as a primary language of higher education and research.

• It has a long academic tradition. Academic freedom is respected.

NUMBER OF COLLEGES, UNIVERSITIES AND STUDENTS

Year Colleges Universities Students (million)

1857-58 27 3 0.00025

1947-48 496 20 0.2

1950-51 578 28 0.2

1960-61 1819 45 0.6

1970-71 3277 93 2.0

1980-81 4577 123 2.8

1990-91 6627 184 4.4

2001-02 11146 272 8.8

2005-06 17625 335 10.5

QUALITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION• Remarkable

achievements of western universities

• Student migration to American, West European, Russian and Chinese Universities.

• Indian students are larger in number in any university abroad in search of quality education

• Source of revenue for advanced countries.

EDUCATION IN INDIA – COLLEGE & UNIVERSITIES