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1 Elia Grid International
Elia Grid International
Powering a World in Progress
Tarek Fawzy– Power System Operations & Security
CIGRE Congress
Santiago, Chile November 2015
Agenda
• Introduction to Elia Grid International
• Renewable Energy development
• Impact on Power system operation
• Flexibility to face intermittency
3 Elia Grid International
Brussels Berlin Dubai
Backed by two major grid operators
50% 50%
EGI embodies the international ambitions of the Elia Group:
• Offer consultancy and engineering services to the international energy
market,
• develop power system projects for third parties and,
• consider investment opportunities in foreign electricity systems
4 Elia Grid International
Our solutions and services…
• As an independent partner, we will deliver and implement long-term solutions
for your transmission and distribution needs.
• A strong partner with a proven transmission system operator approach
Asset management
RES integration
Electricity markets and deregulation
Grid development and network studies
Elia Grid International offers advisory services in the
following 5 expertise domains
System operations
5 Elia Grid International
A frontrunner going global The many successful projects currently being developed and
implemented by Elia Grid International around the world prove that
we can deliver services at the very highest level.
Successful projects in the Middle East and Africa as an example:
• Grid development and network studies
• Renewables integration with utility
Agenda
• Introduction to Elia Grid International
• Renewable Energy development
• Impact on Power system operation
• Flexibility to face intermittency
7 Elia Grid International
Development of Renewable Energy Sources
wind
photovoltaics
biomass
Area proportional to installed capacity
2000 2006 2014
~ 30,000 plants ~ 221,000 plants > 1,600,000 plants
Source: 50Hertz, TenneT, Amprion, TransnetBW, Google Earth
Renewable Energy Sources (RES) installations in Germany
8 Elia Grid International
Development of Renewable Energy Sources
Source: BMWi (08.2015), *Fraunhofer-ISE (10.2015)
A rapid development of RES up to almost 50% of the total installed generation
capacity of 182 GW*
9 Elia Grid International
Development of Renewable Energy Sources
Source: BMWi (08.2015), Fraunhofer-ISE (10.2015)
Due to the intermittent nature of RES the energy share is about 26 % of a total
614 GWh* despite a power share of 50%
10 Elia Grid International
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
2005 2010 2013 2015 2020 2025
run of river
biomassa
solar
wind offshore
wind onshore
Belgium is N°3 worldwide in offshore
wind capacity
MW Belgium
Development of Renewable Energy Sources
Installed capacity evolution In Belgium
Wind and photovoltaics (PV) increased exponentialy over the last years and will
remain the main drivers of future expansion of Renwables
Agenda
• Introduction to Elia Grid International
• Renewable Energy development
• Impact on Power system operation
• Flexibility to face intermittency
12 Elia Grid International
4.631 MW, 25.05.2012 Photovoltaics Injection at 50Hertz [MW]
5.346 MW, 05.06.2013
5.540 MW, 20.03.2014
5.995 MW, 05.06.2015 RES impact on Power system operation
Renewables provide a fluctuating feed-in power
13 Elia Grid International
High requirements on forecasts, controlability and system operation
Development of PV energy generation characteristics at 50Hertz
pv-feed-in (01/06/2013 – 07/06/2013)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168F
eed
-in
in
MW
Time in h
Prognose
Data feed-in of pv at 50Hertz (2013)
Maximum feed-in 5.346 MW
Minimal feed-in 0 MW
Biggest increase within ¼ hour +1.594 MW
Biggest decrease within ¼ hour -752 MW
Biggest difference between
Min and Max within one day
5.346 MW
Hochrechnung Forecast Extrapolated feed-in
RES impact on Power system operation
High deviation between minimum and maximum PV power injection
14 Elia Grid International
Fluctuating feed-in of wind energy
10.208 MW, 05.10.2012
11.064 MW, 06.12.2013
11.972 MW, 24.12.2014
11.997 MW, 09.01.2015
RES impact on Power system operation
Wind Injection at 50Hertz [MW]
15 Elia Grid International
High requirements on forecasts, controllability and system operations
Feed-in wind energy (01/12/2013 – 07/12/2013) Data feed-in of wind energy at 50Hertz (2013)
Maximum feed-in 11.064 MW
Minimal feed-in 0 MW
Biggest increase within ¼ hour +1.431 MW
Biggest decrease within ¼ hour -901 MW
Biggest difference between
Min and Max within one day
9.675 MW
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
0 24 48 72 96 120 144 168
Feed
-in
in
MW
Time in h
Prognose Hochtrechnung
Operational challenges from Wind
Development of wind energy generation characteristics at 50Hertz 2013
16 Elia Grid International
PV forecasts for Germany, April 2013
- Dramatic forecast errors of up to 8800 MW in the day-ahead forecast
- Intraday forecasts clearly better in comparison, closer match with actual feed-in
- Control and reserve power exhausted in Germany and German grid was no
longer independently balanced.
Operational challenge due to forecast inaccuracy
0
5
10
15
20
3. Apr. 4. Apr. 5. Apr. 6. Apr.
Day-ahead outlook
Final intraday outlook
Real-time estimate
Fo
reca
sts
in
GW
Incorrect PV forecasts can endanger system security!
RES impact on Power system operation
17 Elia Grid International Source: 50Hertz- B. Schucht
An Increase of installed RES capacity by 1 GW would lead to increase the
control power demand by 25 -30 MW
Impact of RES on demand of Control Power
RES impact on Power system operation
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1. Increasing distance between generation
and load
• Operation closer to the limits
2. High RES volatility and poor predictability
• load-generation imbalances
• changed structure of control power
(steep RES power ramps ~16 GW/h
in 2024).
• Reduction of system inertia
3. Reduction of available reactive power
reserves
4. Coordination between generators and grid
operators at different voltage levels
RES impact on Power system operation
Frequency control
Voltage control
Grid congestion
Coordination
Complex system operations 1 2
3 4
Agenda
• Introduction to Elia Grid International
• Renewable Energy development
• Impact on Power system operation
• Flexibility to face intermittency
20 Elia Grid International
Flexibility to face RES intermittency
Renewables as a niche
< 10% RES
Renewables as major
player
10-40% RES
Renewables as dominant
player
> 40% RES
RES have evolved from a niche to a dominant source of energy in the 50Hertz
grid area leading to new challenges and requirements for the grid.
Learn to develop and use
forecasts
Develop processes for
information exchange, billing and
accounting for RES
Grid Reinforcement
Real time data exchange and
controlability of RES
RES contribute to ancillary services
Full steering of conventional
plants and RES
Substantially develop demand-
side response
Real-time cooperation between
TSOs and DSOs
21 Elia Grid International
Flexibility to face RES intermittency
609 TWh
Nuclear
Fossil:
62%
EE: 20%
636 TWh
Fossil:
54%
EE: 46%
2011 2023
Consequences Development of RES Flexibility requirements
Share in German electr.mix
Local distribution Restrictions in the grid
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
11000
40
90
0
40
90
0.4
58
33
40
90
0.9
16
67
40
90
1.3
75
40
90
1.8
33
33
40
90
2.2
91
67
40
90
2.7
5
40
90
3.2
08
33
40
90
3.6
66
67
40
90
4.1
25
40
90
4.5
83
33
40
90
5.0
41
67
40
90
5.5
40
90
5.9
58
33
40
90
6.4
16
67
40
90
6.8
75
40
90
7.3
33
33
40
90
7.7
91
67
40
90
8.2
5
40
90
8.7
08
33
40
90
9.1
66
67
40
90
9.6
25
40
91
0.0
83
33
40
91
0.7
08
33
40
91
1.1
66
67
40
91
1.6
25
40
91
2.0
83
33
40
91
2.5
41
67
40
91
3
40
91
3.4
58
33
40
91
3.9
16
67
40
91
4.3
75
40
91
4.8
33
33
40
91
5.2
91
67
40
91
5.7
5
40
91
6.2
08
33
40
91
6.6
66
67
MW
Windeinspeisung bei 50HzT 23.12.2011 - 08.01.2012
Higher feed-in fluctuation
1 Congestion management
2 Grid development
3 Control power
4 Alternatives for
conventional ancillary
services
5 Fluctuation compensation
Source: 50 Hz, G. Schwartzbach
Rising share of RES increases the flexibility requirements
22 Elia Grid International
Increasing competition for control power complicates business case for storage
New players
Electric boiler
Stadtwerke Schwerin
Steelworks
Hamburg
Control Power
through RES
Trimet Project
(Aluminium
Elektrolysis)
Lichtblick pilot
(Zuhause-
kraftwerke)
WEMAG
Battery
Schwerin Small CHP
Flexibility to face RES intermittency
23 Elia Grid International
Overview of intraday system security interventions
Flexibility to face RES intermittency
Grid-related actions
§ 13(1) EnWG
E.g.
• loop flows
• grid topology
• voltage level
• control power
E.g.
• Local curtailment
• Curtailment in entire control
area
RES curtailment Market-related actions
E.g.
• Redispatch and
countertrading
• Cross-border redispatch
• Load management of large
consumers
• Curtailment of conventional
plants up to technical
minimum
§11 EEG / § 13(2) EnWG
24 Elia Grid International
RES
Framework for Successful RES Integration
Security of supply requires coordination and cooperation within the power system
Develop and improve forecasting instruments
A planned RES development facilitates successful integration and reduces costs
Grid reinforcement has to keep pace with RES development
Intermittency
Far from demand Predictability
An Elia Group company
Elia Grid International
Rue Joseph Stevens 7 Joseph Stevensstraat
1000 Brussels – Belgium
Tel. +32 2 204 38 11
Fax +32 2 204 38 10
www.eliagrid-int.com
Eichenstraße 3A
12435 Berlin – Germany
Tel. +49 30 5150 37 11
Fax +49 30 5150 37 10
Tarek Fawzy, PhD
Tarek.Fawzy@eliagrid-int.com
Thank you for your attention!