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Emerald Ash Borer Homeowner Management
OptionsFairfax County Urban Forest Management
Forest Pest Division
Ash Tree Identification (Fraxinus sp.)
Ash (Fraxinus) Maples (Acer) Horse chestnut (Aesculus) Shrubs: Viburnum, Forsythia etc.
Hickories (Carya) Oaks (Quercus) Beech (Fagus) Tuliptree (Liriodendron) Sweet Gum (Liquidambar)
Ash Tree Identification Compound leaf Fruit is single winged
samara
www.bugwood.org (Paul Wray, Michigan Dept. of Agriculture)
Ash Tree Identification Diamond patterned bark Opposite branches
Stubby, blunt twigs
www.bugwood.org (Keith Kanoti)
Emerald Ash Borer (EAB) Invasive wood-boring
beetle introduced from China/East Asia
Feeds on ash trees Discovered in
Michigan in 2002 Found in Virginia in
2003 and again in 2008
www.forestryimages.org (Linda Bauer, Debbie Miller)
Signs Larvae burrow into
bark and feed on vascular tissueLeave winding
“galleries” where they have burrowed
Adults emerge through “D” shaped exit holes
www.forestryimages.org (Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources , David. R. McKay, David Cappaert)
Symptoms Canopy dieback/thinning crown Epicormic sprouting
Growth from a previously dormant bud on the trunk or a limb of a tree
Woodpecker activity Bark splits
Canopy Dieback/Epicormics
www.forestryimages.org (Linda Bauer, Daniel Herms)
Bark Splits/Woodpecker Activity
www.forestryimages.org (Michigan Dept. of Agriculture)
EAB Invasion Wave
http://extension.entm.purdue.edu/treecomputer/index.php?page=concepts/invasionWave.php§ion=2
Fairfax County
www.goodtreecare.com
Management Options for Ash Trees1. Remove ash trees that are unsafe as they
die2. Replace ash trees that were removed3. Treat the remaining healthy ash trees
Data was prepared using the Emerald Ash Borer Cost Calculator developed at Purdue University,http://extension.entm.purdue.edu/treecomputer/index.php
Tree Removal High initial investment
Loss of tree benefits/ecosystem services(http://www.itreetools.org/design.php)○ Stormwater runoff prevention○ Shade (reduction of energy use)○ Aesthetics
Deeds or HOA covenants may require special exceptions or permission to remove a tree
○ These requirements will be listed in the property development plan
Ash Removal
Photos courtesy: Rob Gorden, Arborjet Inc.
Tree Replacement Replace dead ash trees with other
native tree species http://
www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/navbar/faqs/treecare.htm
Plant a variety of different speciesDiversity is a proactive approach to insects
or diseases that may emerge in the future
Ash Replacement
EAB Management Options Pesticide Treatment
Cost is dispersed over many yearsCan lessen pesticide application intensity after
beetle population decreasesOption to treat the ash tree so that it will
eventually be replaced with another species without the loss of ecosystem services
Ash Protection/Treatment
Available from www.emeraldashborer.infohttp://www.emeraldashborer.info/documents/Multistate_EAB_Insecticide_Fact_Sheet.pdf
Pesticide Treatment Timing Trees must be actively respiring (must
have leaves) Kill larvae under the bark of the tree Kill female adults before eggs are
producedFemale adults have to
feed on foliage for two weeks before they produce and lay eggs
15% of crown is dead
Treatable Ash Tree
Treatable Ash Tree
Photo courtesy of: Donna Brok http://gardenwalkgardentalk.com/2014/07/01/emerald-ash-borer-a-first-hand-look/
40% of crown is dead
Untreatable Ash Tree
Photo: Eric R. Day, www.bugwood.org
>50% of crown is dead
EAB Homeowner Treatment Must be applied every year in mid-Spring Not effective for trees >20-25”
Dinotefuran requires more product for trees >15”
Insecticide Description ApplicationMethod
Dinotefuran Granular Soil
Imidacloprid 2x Soil drench
Soil**Can’t apply near water sources or
streams
EAB Professional TreatmentInsecticide Application
Method Advantage Disadvantage
Dinotefuran Bark spray, soil injection
Very water soluble
Less effective at high EAB density
Can apply later in the
yearNeed higher dose
for large trees
Imidacloprid 2x
Soil drench, trunk injection
Inexpensive Less effective at high EAB density
Readily available
Takes 4-6 weeks to take effect
Emamectin Benzoate (TreeAge)
Trunk injectionVery good
control at all EAB infestation
stagesExpensive
Azadirachtin (TreeAzin) Trunk injection Certified for
Organic useExpensive;
Only reduces fecundity of adults
Pesticide Injection (Tree-äge)
Example Scenario 50 ash trees along street Majority of trees approximately 12-18”
diameter Various stages of EAB infestation
Thin foliageDead branchesCanopy dieback
Example Scenario Costs
Data was prepared using the Emerald Ash Borer Cost Calculator developed at Purdue University,http://extension.entm.purdue.edu/treecomputer/index.php
Treatment Initial Cost Year 4 25 year cumulative
Removal $1,361 $26,958 $29,643
Replacement $2,870 $43,360 $48,079
PesticideTreatment(Tree-Äge)*
$7,023 $24,252 $32,695
*Price may not include labor
Yearly Cost Comparison
Cumulative Cost Comparison
Pesticide Treatment Considerations
We are approaching the near peak of emerald ash borer pest pressure
Recommend to treat with TreeAge injections during this stressful periodMay switch to other, less costly products after
Summary Ash trees left untreated WILL die and will
have to be removed eventually Pesticide treatment must be done regularly
in order to protect the tree over time Get quotes from several tree care
companies before you decide on a treatment
If you choose to replant, select diverse, native tree species
Additional Resources http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/dpwes/envir
onmental/forest_pest.htm http://
extension.entm.purdue.edu/EAB/PDF/TreeCondition.pdf
http://extension.entm.purdue.edu/EAB/ www.emeraldashborer.info http://www.itreetools.org/design.php
For more information, please contact:Fairfax County Urban Forest Management Division:
Forest Pest Management Branch703-324-5304, TTY 711
PestMail@fairfaxcounty.govA Fairfax County Publication March 2016