Emergency ProceduresEmergency Proceduresfor Beech Bonanzas and Debonairs

Single-Engine EmergenciesSingle-Engine Emergencies

• Stimulate thought and visualization• Avoid confusion and panic• Thinking through emergency scenarios ahead

of time• Reinforce knowledge of aircraft systems and

procedures

Two Types of “Emergencies”Two Types of “Emergencies”

• Abnormal conditions• True emergencies

Two Types Two Types of “Emergencies”of “Emergencies”

True emergencies• Engine failures• Fires• Autopilot malfunctions• Split-flap condition• Door open on takeoff

1. Cabin door unlatches

2. Manual landing gear extension

3. Electrical system failure

4. Engine power loss/forced landing

Priority of ActionsPriority of Actions

• Maintain aircraft control• Analyze the situation• Continue to control the aircraft• Take the appropriate action

Door Open on TakeoffDoor Open on Takeoff

Door Open in Cruise FlightDoor Open in Cruise Flight

• Maintain aircraft control• Land to secure the

door• Added drag, added fuel

to destination• Pattern considerations• CHECK LANDING

GEAR!

Landing Gear MalfunctionsLanding Gear Malfunctions

Possibilities:Possibilities:

• Landing gear motor failure• Manual gear hand crank obstruction• Bent or broken gear system push rod or rod

end

Landing Gear Malfunction Do’s and Don’ts

• Do NOT cycle the gear• DO climb to a safe altitude• DO use the POH Emergency checklist

BANG!BANG!

• Reference the Landing Gear Manual Extension checklist

• Perform all steps to beginning the crank

• Turn the hand crank one-half to three-quarters of a turn

• Stow the hand crank and reset the breaker

If the gear will not extend, start the checklist over and extend the landing gear fully by hand.

Manual Extension TechniqueManual Extension Technique

• Follow the checklist!• Slow the airplane to 100 – 110 knots• Turn the hand crank approximately 15 turns• Sit up, confirm attitude, look for traffic• Add 1 to 2” MP

Manual Extension: a TechniqueManual Extension: a TechniqueRepeat the technique:

• Crank 15 turns

• Confirm attitude

• Look for traffic

• Add 1 to 2” MP

Then:

• Crank 10 turns (it will get harder)

• Confirm attitude

• Look for traffic

• Add 1 to 2” MP

And finally:

• Crank 10 turns or until it will go no further

• Confirm attitude

• Look for traffic

• Add 1 to 2” MP

• Avionics begin to dimAvionics begin to dim• NAV flag on HSI or OBSNAV flag on HSI or OBS• Odd odorOdd odor

Electrical FireElectrical Fire

What do you lose?

• Turn coordinator• HSI• Electric attitude indicator• Autopilot• Communications and navigation• Engine gauges and fuel indicators

Now what?Now what?

• Ventilate the cabin• Fire extinguisher• Emergency descent• Land as soon as possible• Turn on only what you absolutely need• Gear extension• No-flap landing

Night/IMCNight/IMC

• Flashlights• Handheld comm radio with

external antenna• Handheld GPS• Land as soon as practical• Fly toward improving weather

Engine FailuresEngine Failures

Consider…

Propeller OverspeedPropeller Overspeed

• Throttle – RETARD TO PROPELLER RED LINE

• Airspeed – REDUCE• Oil Pressure – CHECK• Land – NEAREST SUITABLE SITE

• Maintain control of the airplane• Analyze the situation• Take corrective actions

Priority of ActionsPriority of Actions

Total NTSB Reports and Total NTSB Reports and Engine FailuresEngine Failures

Engine Failures and FuelEngine Failures and Fuel

Other Engine Failure Causes

• Mechanical failures (cylinders, propellers, etc.)

• Maintenance issues in the fuel system• Ignition and oil systems• Undetermined

Who owns the airplane?

THE INSURANCE COMPANYTHE INSURANCE COMPANY

What is your job?

CONTINUE TO CONTINUE TO

FLY THE AIRPLANEFLY THE AIRPLANE

Pilot Action PlanPilot Action Plan

• Maintain control of the airplane• Aim for an emergency landing site• Perform the memory steps of the Engine Failure in

Flight checklist• Attempt to restart the engine• Maximum Glide configuration• Landing Without Power checklist• Passenger evacuation• Contact help and ATC

Best GlideBest Glide

• PITCH for Best Glide– 105 to 110 knots for most; as low as 90

mph in some– Reduces with airplane weight– 6 degrees nose low attitude

• Gear and Flaps: UP• Propeller: PULL FULLY AFT• TRIM

Pilot Action PlanPilot Action Plan

• Maintain glide speed and attitude• Switch to a MAIN fuel tank you know contains

fuel• Aim for an emergency landing site

Attempt a RestartAttempt a Restart

If time and altitude permit:

• Verify the fuel selector valve• Mixture control• Auxiliary fuel pump• Alternate air handle (when equipped)

Forced LandingForced Landing

• Continue to your landing site• MAYDAY call if time permits• Fuel selector OFF• Mixture control IDLE CUTOFF• Magnetos OFF• Brief your passengers• Tighten seat belts and shoulder harnesses• Flaps and landing gear• Battery and Alternator/Generator OFF• Fly until the airplane stops moving

How far can I glide?

What rate of descent should I expect?

Radius of glide

High key2500 ft AGL Downwind key

1500 ft AGL

Base key1000 ft AGLStraight-in key

800 ft AGL

TouchdownTouchdown

• Aim about 1/3 of the way into your landing zone

• Land with as little energy as possible

Touchdown ConsiderationsTouchdown Considerations

• Seat belts and shoulder harnesses• Touch down aligned with the landing surface• Extend the landing gear• Fuel and electrical switches OFF

Touchdown ConsiderationsTouchdown Considerations

• Wings level• Nose up

“Fly the thing as far into the crash as possible”

– Bob Hoover

Physics at TouchdownPhysics at Touchdown

Touchdown GS (kts) KE (ft-lbs) % change

Normal (65 kts) 562,128 0

Downwind (80 kts) 851,508 +52%

Into the wind (50 kts) 332,620 -41%

KINETIC ENERGY = ½ mass x (velocity squared)- all this has to be dissipated somewhere at impact

Example--weight 3000 pounds

Impact G-ForcesImpact G-Forces

Speed (kts)Minimum

distance for 9Gs

Gs per 1 ft of travel

G per 50 ft of travel

G per 100 ft of travel

50 12 111 2.2 1.1

65 21 188 3.75 1.9

80 32 234 5.7 2.9

100 49 443 8.9 4.4

Seat belt design strength is about 9Gs

Engine Failure on TakeoffEngine Failure on Takeoff

• Expect the engine to fail every time• Mentally review your Action Plan just before

you line up• Climb at full power and Vy to at least 1000

feet AGL• More altitude = more options

• Maintain control of the airplane• Push for airspeed• Aim for your pre-planned emergency field• Switch tanks• Auxiliary fuel pump• Maintain control• Flaps DOWN• Landing gear DOWN• Fuel and electrical OFF

FIRE!FIRE!

FIRE!FIRE!

• Memorized checklist• Mixture: IDLE CUTOFF• Fuel selector: OFF• Transition to Maximum Glide• Emergency Descent

One more time…One more time…

• Maintain aircraft control• Analyze the situation• Continue to control the aircraft• Take the appropriate action

Especially For

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