Post on 23-Jan-2016
description
transcript
UMR 5213
Energy efficient indoor ligtihng
technologies
Energy efficient indoor ligtihng
technologies
Prof. Georges Zissisgeorges.zissis@laplace.univ-tlse.fr
UMR 5213
Light sources are everywhere !Light sources are everywhere !
InteriorLighting
IndustrialApplications
TransportLighting & Signs
Signalisation&
Displays
MonumentLighting
UrbanLighting
UMR 5213
Actual situationActual situation
33 billion lamps operate every day 2 650 TWh electricity consumed per annum 19% of worldwide electricity production 3% of primary energy used every year for lighting
12% France 9% Germany 21% USA 34% Tunisia 86% Tanzania
(Mils, RL-5, 2003)
Urban8%
Industrial16%
Residential28%
Tertiary48%
Full production of FR + IT
Soustainable Developpement
200 billion Euros per annum (Europe)
16 billion new lamps per annum 25 billion of Euros/annum (turnover lamp industry) Turnover increases constantly since 20 years
1 890 million tonnes of CO2 per year
80 tonnes Hg-contaminated wastes collected in France every week
Light pollution of skies
UMR 5213
Tomorrow ? (2030)…
Tomorrow ? (2030)…
6.5 billion people live on earth (2006) 1.5 billion without connection to electrical grid (2003)
6.3 k$ average annual GDP / person (2006)
4% annual average GDP growth rate (2006)
5 billion people use 2 650 TWh par yearAverage energy used for lighting: 430 kWh/capita/annum
8.0 billions (2030)1.0 billion (2030)
1.2% growth/annum
Average 680 kWh/capita/annumfor 7 billion people in 2030
GDP/capita (k$/an)
Energ
y (
MW
h/c
apit
a/a
nnum
)
20062030
*
UMR 5213
Should we ban incendescnt lampes?Should we ban incendescnt lampes?
Incand. 35%
Incand. 70%
Is production capicity sufficient ?
Is the consummer ready for the market transfromation ?
What is the social impact ?
UMR 5213
It is better to promote energy efficient technologies…
It is better to promote energy efficient technologies…
Incandescent Lamps (GLS)10 - 14 lm/W
Compact Fluorescent lamps (CFL)30 - 65 lm/W
Electroluminescent Diodes (LED)30-50 lm/W
UMR 5213
Building sector: Solutions exist
Building sector: Solutions exist
T5
Diamètre 16 mmLuminus efficacy = 95 to 105 lm/WEln BallastTriphosphorsProduct in expansion
T12
Diameter 38 mmLuminus efficacy = 40 to 65 lm/WEM BallastHallophosphatesDeclining Product
T8
Diameter 26 mmLuminus efficacy = 80 to 95 lm/WEln or EM BallasHallophosphates ou triphosphorsMature Product
UMR 5213
Residential sector has a major importance
Residential sector has a major importance
Industriel14%
Tertiaire51%
Urbain4%
Résiden.31%
16 TWh
200 TWh
Average Luminous efficacy of the sector
23.7 lm/W(from 11.5 to 64 lm/W)
Energ
y
(MW
h/c
apit
a/a
nnum
)
GDP/capita (2000k$/an)
Résiden.30%
Urbain10%
Tertiaire &
Industriel60%
UMR 5213
Residential sector is complex…Residential sector is complex…
Some barriers to overcomeSome barriers to overcome Consumer dislikes classic CFL shapes, and, CFLs misfit often to “design” luminaries
Consumer dislikes colour temperature & rendering of CFLs
Good quality CFLs are (still) expensive, and, inexpensive CFLs aren’t (very often) reliable
Return time is short, but “diluted” and not directly “observable”
Plug & Play (integral) CFLs aren’t dimmable
Consumer need all light instantaneously, but CFLs need time to warm-up
CFL dislikes rapid (or random) ON-OFF cycle and is incompatible with presence detectors
CFL power supply dislikes mains voltage fluctuations (this is important for developing countries)
CFL aren’t “really green” products (mercury)…
Quality and labelling are major issuesQuality and labelling are major issues
A
UMR 5213
Many of these arguments are obsolete…
Many of these arguments are obsolete…
Colours
Shapes
Dimming
Luminaires
Efficacy may be affected Lifespan can be shorter Control can be complex
UMR 5213
CFLs are really “green”CFLs are really “green”H
g (
mg
)
0
10
20
30
40
50
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Hg
-do
sin
g (
mg
)
year
Less & less Hginside FLs & CFLs
Environmental impactof CFLs
China
EU-RoHS and lampRecycling avoids that…
UMR 5213
Proposed equivalence: 1 : 4 10 W CFL 40 W Incand.
15 W CFL 60 W Incand.25 W CFL 100 W Incand.
=
GLS - CFL equivalence has to be revised…
GLS - CFL equivalence has to be revised…
Luminous flux is only an indicator.
Human eye is sensitive to the brightness
IntegralCFL
Look alikeCFL A transparent GLS is 150-200 times
brighter than an “equivalent” CFL
UMR 5213
0,5 %
0,7 %
22,4 %
Impact on energy consumption from 2006 to 2030
Impact on energy consumption from 2006 to 2030
0,7 %
0,5 %
13,5 %
PowerLight
0,7 %
2,0 %
9,0 %
2030
163
28
1575106015
51460
100
0,6
24,8
2030
163
38
7030
06015
N/A1460
N/A
1,7
33,1
2030
163
28
5545
06015
N/A1460
N/A
1,0
24,8
- 30%+16%
Basic
+31%+55%
Consumerist
- 54%+16%
Green
UMR 5213
Some advices…Some advices…
Urban
Commercial
Tertiairy &Industrial
Residential
Domain Energie Savings CO2 savings per annum
CMHL
UMR 5213
Light emitting diodes: the light sources of future?
Light emitting diodes: the light sources of future?
But this is another story…