Post on 08-Jan-2018
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Chapter 5England Comes to America
John Cabot Born as Giovanni Caboto in Genoa, Italy
Moved to England in 1484, called John Cabot Wanted to find a Westward route to the
Indies Same idea, timeframe as Columbus
Asked Henry VII to fund a trip Henry approved trip, Cabot had to fund himself 18 men set sail on the Matthew 7 week trip Landed on Cape Breton Island▪ Thought it was the Indies
Second Trip
Reported back to England, given funding for second trip 300 men, two ships Sailed coasts of Newfoundland, Nova
Scotia, Maine, and Massachusetts Neither King Henry VII or King Henry
VIII followed up on the discoveries
Francis Drake English privateer
Sent on missions by the British to raid the Spanish Successful
Queen Elizabeth tasked him with sailing around the world Circumnavigation Raid Spanish ships and settlements on the way Sailed with the Golden Hind and 4 others Sailed along/around South America Raided Catholic Churches ▪ Called “El Draco” (the dragon) by the Spaniards
Sailed up the Pacific Coast Crossed the Pacific, through the Indian Ocean, around Africa, and
back to England▪ Ferdinand Magellan had already made this voyage
He was knighted by the queen Led further expeditions against the Spanish
Eventually killed on a raid in 1596
Walter Raleigh
Raleigh sent an expedition to the New World Did not go with it Brought back furs, pearls, and two
Indians▪ Manteo and Wanchese
Named the lands Virginia▪ After Queen Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen ▪ He and the Queen were very close
Roanoke Sent Sir Richard Grenville and Manteo,
along with 108 settlers, to Roanoke Island NC Not a success▪ Arrived too late in year to plant crops
Sir Francis Drake brought colonists back to England
Raleigh thought Roanoke wouldn’t work Wanted settlers to go to Chesapeake Bay Sailors of next expedition landed at Roanoke▪ Refused to go further north
Lost Colony Tried to set up new colony at Roanoke John White to lead colony
Virginia Dare born, first English child born in America
White returned to England for supplies▪ Couldn’t go back to Roanoke for 3 years due to war
with Spain No settlers at Roanoke when he returned
Houses dismantled Word “Croatoan” carved there▪ Name of Island off coast
“Lost Colony”
Raleigh Loses Favor Had a falling out with the Queen
Imprisoned King James I became King of England
Imprisoned Raleigh for 13 more years Sent to New World to try to find gold
Told not to fight with Spanish Got sick, sent men ashore without him They fought with Spanish▪ His son was killed in battle
Returned to England Executed for fighting with Spanish
John Smith Told many stories of his life Served in French army
Fought the Turks alongside the Austrians▪ Made a Captain by the Austrians
Wounded, captured, made a slave As a slave, given as a gift
Woman he was gifted to fell in love with him Given to her brothers for training to fight for
Turkish sultan Killed one of the brothers▪ Escaped Russia to go to England
Jamestown
London Company sent expedition to Virginia Smith was part of the expedition as a
colonist Set up Jamestown
In honor of King James Protected, but built near swampy ground▪ Still faced many Indian attacks
John Smith captured by Algonquin Indians While searching for supplies
Pocahontas John Smith captured by Algonquin
Indians While searching for supplies
Invited to feast by Chief Powhatan About to be beaten by Indians there Saved by Matoaka▪ Chief’s daughter▪ Known as Pocahontas (“playful one”)
Smith released Indians grew friendly with Jamestown
colonists
The Colony Survives Native Americans brought food to colonists
Many colonists had been nobles▪ Were looking for easy wealth, refused to work
John Smith elected one-term governor Forced everyone to work▪ Made many enemies
Some people complained to England that he was harsh on colonists Said he had not sent valuables to England
Sent back to England Right before this he had been injured in a gunpowder
explosion Pocahontas believed he had been killed in it
John Rolfe and Tobacco John Rolfe brought tobacco to Jamestown
British had been paying Spanish much for their tobacco Became primary crop of Jamestown
Rolfe fell in love with Pocahontas Pocahontas had been taken prisoner by English due to war
between English and Powhatan They let her go▪ She said she had been treated well
She was baptized and married Rolfe▪ Ended the war
Pocahontas Took the name Rebecca Son, Thomas Rolfe Went to London▪ Met up with John Smith
Got sick and died at age 22