Post on 03-Jun-2018
transcript
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Canada
The first Europeans to reach Canada were
descendants of Norse seafarers who had settled in
Iceland and in Greenland during the ninth and 10thcenturies.
In the mid-19th century, Canada was granted the
status of a Dominion of the British Empire, with an
autonomous government but with the British monarch
as head of state. From 1968 to 1984
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Language
Canada is officially bilingual (English and French).
The use of the two languages reflects.
However, while the federal government must operate
in both languages as much as is practical, use of each
language outside government varies widely across the
country.
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accent
Canada have many different English accent,according to the countries, or the part of the place, for
example the south, the north or middle center of each
country. It depend of the intonation we do in some of
this place.
In Canadian is a mix of French and English
language are the mother language, but English is themost important language in Canadian and the second
language is French for the country.
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Phonological Markers
Phonological markers are generally found in spokenregisters.
whether they perceive the situation to be rather formal
or informal. That is, we can expect phonological
variation in different speech situations.
In three experiments using artificial languages, we
manipulated properties of phonological markers andexamined what conditions most easily allow adults to
generalize subclass knowledge.
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Influence of Irish Phonology
Intonation, lilt of older Irish speakers
Archaic vowel pronunciations
/ow/ pronounced higher and further back, and is
devoid of any up glide (the w) and sounds like /u/ -[o>]
strongly fronted /a/ before /r/ at the end of a wordor followed by another consonant - [a
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Irish Consonants in OV Speech
Palatalization
/r/ is high and front, making it like [i]
/l/ after vowels and in final position are absent
/k/ and /g/, esp. before low front vowel [] cart> kyart;guard>gyard
Lenition
slow release of final voiceless stops like /t/ hatsounds like hats
/t/ and /d/ before /r/ become interdental affricates
dry> dhry
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Irish Syntax and Morphology
the Ottawa, the Satan, the Scotch Corners, the Boyd Settlement,the Prior
conjoined gerundial construction
used as time adverbial
Thewasp would come down and sting us there where wewere working...and us not touching him (when we werenteven touching him)
prepositions
anunder, withouten, again, at, for, on for to
wejust seeded the oats therefor to cover the alfalfa
deletion of subject relative pronouns
itwas generally the younger kids carried the rake
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examples
1.-If the preceding sound is a sibilant consonant (oneof /s/, /z/, //, //, /t/, or/d/), the plural marker takesthe form /z/. Examples:
mass/ms/, pluralmasses/msz/fez/fz/, pluralfezzes/fzz/
mesh/m/, pluralmeshes/mz/
mirage/mr/, pluralmirages/mrz/
church/trt/, pluralchurches/trtz/
bridge/brd/, pluralbridges/brdz/
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The differences between Canadian accents-- from Halifax, Nova
Scotia, to Vancouver, British Columbia -- are nowhere near as great
as the regional accents that one hears in Great Britain.
But speaking exclusively of Canada, there are -- funny little things
come out. For example, in Nova Scotia: a true Nova Scotian, in
saying the word A-F-T-E-R, will always insert an R. It will always
come out /a:rftr/. Um ... and you can alwaysspot a true Nova
Scotian, because he drops that extra R in.
There's one point I should make, and ... er ... er ... and it's an obvious
one, I suppose, and that is: when you get into French Canada, when
you get the French Canadians speaking English, naturally ... er ... a
great many of them have a pronounced French accent.
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