• Topic : A critique on SLA: Behaviorist theory and cognitive theory differences.

• Name : Urvi Bhatt • Paper Name: English language teaching• Paper No: 12• Sem : 3• Roll No: 31• Enrolment no: PG13101005• Submitted to: Department of English Maharaja

Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University.

• Learning theories are conceptual Frameworks describing how information is absorbed processed and retained during learning.

Learning theory

How to understand

Learning Theory?

Emotional

Cognitive Environm

ental influences

Prior experience

Influences

Behaviorists looks at

Behaviorist theory

Mentalist theory

Learning

The acquisition of

native languages

An aspect of conditioning

Learning theory

Cognitivity

• Cognitive means of relating to being or involving conscious intellectual activity

Intellectual activity as

ThinkingRemembering

factual knowledge

Psychology and Cognition

understanding of knowledge

formation of beliefs and

attitudes

decision making

problem solving

Psychological process in acquisition

Psychology and

Cognition

• Cognitive capacity is measured generally with intelligence quotient [IQ] test.

• Cognitive theory is interested in how people understand material.

Measuring the theory

Some behaviorist theorists are:

B. F. Skinner

Ivan Pavlov

J. B. Watson

Thorndike

• Thorndike was the first behaviorist.

• The Behaviorist theory depends on the analysis of human behavior.

The theory of stimulus response

psychology

Behaviorist theory

Thorndike

Stimulus- Response

“The behaviorist theory of stimulus- response learning, particularly as developed in the operant conditioning model of Skinner, considers all learning to be the establishment of habit as a result of reinforcement and reward.”

Cognitive theory is:

Teacher’s active role

Interested in how students

understand material

Stresses prior knowledge

Involve active thinking

Replaced Behavioristic theory in the

1960s

Major contributors of

Cognitive theory

Allan Paivio

Howard Gardner

Benjamin BloomRo

bert

Gag

ne

Benjamin Bloom

Allan Paivio

Howard Gardner

Robert Gagne

Divisions of the theory

• Cognitive theory domain is “the student’s intellectual ability.”

• Benjamin Bloom’s cognitive theory is divided into:Analyze Evaluate Create

Apply Understand

Remember

Cognitive theory

Comprehension

Knowledge

Thinking

• A highly complex learning task• The acquisition of learning in

infancy in governed by the acquisition of other habits.

Acquisition

•From Bloom’s research, Shelly concludes that

“Every child has the ability to learn.”

• According to cognitive theory activities like thinking and remembering seem like a behavior.

• It provides an avenue to use behavior analysis to measure their effect of learning.

Behavior is an

activity ofThinking Remembering

Rewarding Reinforcement

Imitation

Scope of behaviorist

theory

Conditioning

Rewarding

Generalization

Process of learning in behaviorist

theory

Behaviorist theory

• It can be concluded for behaviorist theory that as learning process is complex, language acquisition cannot take place through habit formation.

Conclusion

• Cognitive theory is also the basis of the educational approach known as constructivism, which emphasis the role of the learner in constructing his own view or model of the material, and what helps with that.