Post on 13-Dec-2015
transcript
EnzymesEnzymes
Chemical ReactionsChemical ReactionsProcess that changes one set of chemicals Process that changes one set of chemicals into another set into another set
Slow = iron & oxygen =Slow = iron & oxygen =Fast = fireworksFast = fireworks
RUSTRUST
Two Parts of Chemical ReactionsTwo Parts of Chemical ReactionsReactantsReactants
Enter Enter Left Left
Products Products ExitExitRight Right
Two Types of ReactionsTwo Types of ReactionsExothermicExothermic
Releases heatReleases heatEndothermicEndothermic
Absorbs heatAbsorbs heat
Activation EnergyActivation EnergyEnergy needed to start a reactionEnergy needed to start a reactionDifference b/t reactant energy and Difference b/t reactant energy and required energy for reaction to happenrequired energy for reaction to happen
Required energy at peak
EnzymesEnzymesBiological catalyst (proteins)Biological catalyst (proteins)Catalyst – substance that speeds up a Catalyst – substance that speeds up a chemical reactionchemical reaction
Why?Why?Rxn is too slowRxn is too slowActivation energyActivation energy
is too highis too high
EnzymesEnzymesLower activation energyLower activation energyEx. AmylaseEx. Amylase
Breaks down starches into sugarsBreaks down starches into sugars
Enzyme
starch
Enzyme
Sugar
EnzymesEnzymesEnzyme has an active site Enzyme has an active site
fits substrate fits substrate (reactants)(reactants)
Specific actionSpecific actionBuild upBuild upBreak downBreak down
Substrate (Key) + enzyme (Lock) = Enzyme Substrate (Key) + enzyme (Lock) = Enzyme substrate complex substrate complex Products are releasedProducts are releasedExampleExample
Lock & KeyLock & Key
Regulation of Enzyme ActivityRegulation of Enzyme ActivityTemperatureTemperature
High temps = fastHigh temps = fastLow temps = slowLow temps = slow
pHpHEnzyme dependentEnzyme dependent
Concentration of substrateConcentration of substrateRegulated by proteinsRegulated by proteinsProduce enzymes at when neededProduce enzymes at when needed
After the first bite of foodAfter the first bite of food
Break down enzymes when notBreak down enzymes when notWhen all the food is digestedWhen all the food is digested
How acids effect enzymesHow acids effect enzymes
Acid (vinegar)
amylase
Starch-iodine solution Starch-iodine solution
Acid (vinegar)
Amylase Amylase lessonlesson
water
Starch-iodine solution Starch-iodine solution
amylase