Erik offerman

transcript

Ontwikkeling van slimme materialen voor de offshore industrie

S. Erik OffermanS. Erik Offerman

Vermelding onderdeel organisatie

19 September 2013

Department of Materials Science and Engineering

Materials 2013

3 billion more middle-class consumers in next 20 years

Energy

Materials

19 September 2013 2

Driving up demand for a range of different resources Source: McKinsey report – Resource revolution (November 2011)

Challenge: linkages

Solving one problem enhances the other problemDo it smart => Offshore?

19 September 2013 3

Source: Ester van der Voet et al. (2010), Leiden University

Do it smart => Offshore?

Offshore resources of interest

• Oil & gas

• Wind

• Minerals• Minerals(mining)

Bron: Shell

Trends offshore industry

• Further away

• Deeper

• Higher pressure• Higher pressure

• Hotter gasses/oil

• Harsher environments: Colder/Arctic environment

Trends offshore industry (cont.)

• Safer

Activities offshore industry

• Lifting

• Drilling

• Pipe laying• Pipe laying

• Construction

• Dredging

All Sea’s Pieter Schelte

Material requirements

• Strong

• Ductile

• Though

• Affordable

• Available

• Weldable/joinable

Material requirements continued

Resistance to:

• Corrosion

• Fatigue

• Wear• Wear

• Low temperature

• High Pressure

Material requirements continued

Design criterion

Steel strong enough

Steel too weak

Resistance to: High temperature

Steel too weak

Critical temperature

Microstructure <-> Mechanical Prop.

19 September 2013 11

M. Militzer, Science 298 (2002) 975.

50 µm

Microstructure

• Chemical elements

• Phases

• Precipitates

• Grain size

• Solid solution

• Dislocation networksS.E. Offerman, 305 Science (2004) 190.

Microstructure Engineering

Design and production of microstuctures via

thermodynamic and kinetic simulations and

experimental validation

Austenite/ferrite transformation steel

M. Militzer et al., Acta Materialia 54 3961 (2006)

3D phase field simulation

M. Militzer et al., Acta Materialia 54 3961 (2006)

Ferrite growth

Hendrik Strandlund, KTH, Sweden

Carbon concentration

Hendrik Strandlund, KTH, Sweden

Steel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaSteel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaImproving fire-resistance steel

Gözde Dere et al.Scripta materialia (2013) 651.

Steel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaSteel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaMicrostructure 4 steel specimens

Without NbFast cooling

With NbSlow cooling

With NbIntermediateCooling rate

With NbFast cooling

Steel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaSteel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaMany low-angle grain boundaries for Nb & fast cooling

Steel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaSteel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaCompression test during heating

Strain

Temperature (°C)

Steel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaSteel –GDP per capita vs consumption per capitaNb: +90°C & GB: +45°C

• Exact specimen temperature measurement

by welding a thermocouple to the specimen.

• Low interaction with X-rays.

In-situ characterization of microstructures in steel

Hemant Sharma et al.Acta Mater. (2012)

3D X-Ray Diffraction Microscope

Beam line ID11 @ European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

Developed by DTU & ESRF

Intensity →Volume

, ,spots grain grain grain

Position Orientation position strain→

Intensity

spots→Volume

grains

Non-destructive characterization of 2281 grains

(a) (b)

Modes of grain growth during fire

Mode No. Volume Rotation Mosaicity

I + + +

II + = +

III - + -

IV - = -

V = + +

VI = + =

VII = = =

• Offshore industry is breaking fresh ground

• Novel materials are needed to enable innovation in the offshore industry

• Fundamental materials research opens the path to

Conclusions

• Fundamental materials research opens the path to material innovation

TUD:Gozde Dere, Hemant Sharma, Richard Huizenga, Roumen Petrov, Jilt Sietsma, Pina Mecozzi,

European Synchrotron Radiation Facility: Jon Wright, Alexei Bytchkov

Acknowledgement

Funding: STW

Support: Tata Steel, Ovako Wire B.V., and SKF

Erik offerman

Documents