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Glimpse on Computer Security

A presentation by –Sumit Dimri

AGENDA

SECURITY GOOGLE HACKING SNIFFERS ARP SPOOFING STEGANOGRAPHY SOCIAL ENGINEERING HACKING WEB SERVER

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Network Security

A Brief History of the World

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Overview

What is security? Why do we need security? Who is vulnerable?

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What is “Security”

Dictionary.com says: 1. Freedom from risk or danger; safety. 2. Freedom from doubt, or fear; confidence. 3. Something that gives or assures safety, as:

1. A group or department of private guards: Call building security if a visitor acts suspicious.

2. Measures adopted by a government to prevent attack.

3. Measures adopted, as by a business or homeowner, to prevent a crime such as burglary or assault: Security was lax at the firm's smaller plant.

…etc.

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Why do we need security?

Protect vital information while still allowing access to those who need it Trade secrets, medical records, etc.

Provide authentication and access control for resources

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Who is vulnerable?

Financial institutions and banks Internet service providers Government and defense

agencies Contractors to various

government agencies Multinational corporations ANYONE ON THE NETWORK

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Security related URLs

http://www.robertgraham.com/pubs/network-intrusion-detection.html

http://online.securityfocus.com/infocus/1527

http://www.snort.org/ http://www.cert.org/ http://www.nmap.org/ http://grc.com/dos/grcdos.htm http://lcamtuf.coredump.cx/newtcp/

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Google Hacking

Plays a very important role in collecting information about the target.

Google has a variety of special search syntaxes.

List of employees, their personal details. Sometimes simple searches yield

personal pages and non authorized information.

Google can assist an ethical hacker in many ways.

What is Google? A powerful full-text search engine

that indexes over 10 billion websites A tool A site that has launched a

vocabulary all its own

How does GoogleTM work?

The special syntaxes

INTITLEintitle: restricts your search to

the titles of web pages.Intitle: “HACKING”

INURL

inurl: restricts your search to the URLs of web pages. This syntax tends to work well for finding search and help pages because they tend to be rather regular in composition.

Inurl: hacking

SITE

Site: allows you to narrow your search by either a site or a top-level domain.

Site:edu

LINK

Link: returns a list of pages linking to the specified URL. Enter link:www.orkut.com and you’ll be returned a list of pages that link to Orkut.

FILETYPE

Filetype: searches the suffixes or filename extensions.

Filetype:ppt google hacking

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What are Sniffers? Sniffers monitor network data. A sniffer usually act as network probes

or “snoops”-examining network traffic but not intercepting or altering them.

Ettercap is the best tool for sniffer.

ARP Spoofing

Getting max internet speed using ARP spoofing.

ARP POISONING :arp -a

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What is Steganography?

The process of hiding data in images is called Steganography.

Attackers can embed information such as: Source code for hacking tool. List of compromised servers. Plans for future attacks.

What Is Social Engineering Social engineering is the human side

of breaking into a corporate network. An employee may unwittingly give

away key information in an email or by answering questions over the phone with someone they don’t know.

Art Of Manipulation

The goal of a social engineer is to trick someone into providing valuable information or access to that information.

It preys on qualities of human nature, such as the desire to be helpful, the tendency to trust people and the fear of getting in trouble.

Human Weakness

People are usually the weakest link in the security chain.

Social engineering is the hardest form of attack to defend against because it cannot be defended with hardware or software alone.

Human Based Social Engineering Human based social engineering can

be broadly categorized into: Technical support Third person approach Dumpster Diving Shoulder Surfing

Computer Based Social Engineering These can be divided into the

following categories: Mail attachments Websites Spam Mail

Reverse Social Engineering More advanced method of gaining

illicit information is known as “reverse social engineering”.

This is when the hacker creates a persona that appears to be in a position of authority so that employees will ask him for information, rather than the other way around.

Hacking Web Servers

Popular web servers Apache web server IIS Web server Sun ONE web server

Invading PHP server

Sites with PHP 4.4 have a SQL injection vulnerability in them which makes their Admin control panel easily accessible . This tutorial is applicable on PHP4.4 machines with Apache running in parallel with them.

Steps for web hacking

1. Search the server Make a Google dork to find sites running

Apache and PHP4.4 .

2. Scan the server Start by scanning them using

Nmap,Do and intense scan and find the open ports. If you find port 2000 open, then you have almost got it. Most websites running

PHP4.4 have this port for admin login.

Now just login using port 2000 http://www.website.com:2000And you will be comfortably login into admin Page like this-

3.Hack the siteNow in the fields, you have to type-Username – adminPassword – a’ or 1=1 or ‘bDomain - a’ or 1=1 or ‘bAnd press go , you will login into admin.

Now you have hacked into admin. Actually sitesbased on PHP4.4 have the vulnerability in themthat they are vulnerable to SQL injection. It will Literally take 20 seconds.

Thanks For your time

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