Post on 19-Dec-2015
transcript
CHAPTER 22 - PROTISTS
Protists
Euglenoids
Diatoms
Three General Protist Life Cycles
Flagellated Protozoans
Diplomonads Parabasalids Trypanosomes Euglenoids
Giardia and Trichomonas
Diplomonad – Giardia lamblia
Parabasalid – Trichomonas vaginalis
Parabasalid Species in Termite Gut
Photo from John Breznak, Michigan State University. 2001. Retrieved from: http://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/news/press/01/pr0154.htm
Kinetoplastids - Trypanosomes
Trypanosoma brucei –African Sleeping Sickness
Tsetse fly – Glossina. 2007. http://www.microbiologybytes.com/introduction/Trypano.html
Kinetoplastids - Trypanosomes
Trypanosoma cruzi. Causes Chagas disease. http://hardinmd.lib.uiowa.edu/cdc/chagas4.html
Reduviid insect – “kissing bug.” Science Daily. 2004. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/09/040930121239.htm
A Euglenoid: Euglena gracilis
Foraminiferans and Radiolarians
Heterotrophic single cells with chalky or glassy shells live in great numbers in the world’s oceans; cytoplasm extends through many pores
White Cliffs of Dover/Egyptian Pyramids
Chalky remains of foraminiferans and other organisms with calcium-carbonate shells
About.com. 2011. http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/egypt/ig/Ancient-Egypt/Sphinx.htm
The Alveolates
Have a layer of sacs just under the plasma membrane
“Alveolus” means sac.
3 Groups: Ciliates Dinoflagellates Apicomplexans
Ciliates: Predator and Prey Didinium
Ciliate Structure: Paramecium
Dinoflagellates
Council - Garcia, Cara Lea. 2002. http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/Images/Protists/dino1.gif
Karenia brevis and Algal Blooms
American Society for Microbiology. 2006. http://dev.microbeworld.org/news/articles/images/dinoflagellates.jpg
Bioluminescent Dinoflagellates
Noctiluca scintillans
Apicomplexans
Parasitic alveolates Spend part of life cycle inside host cell Named on complex of microtubules at the
apical end that allows them to enter a host cell.
Sometimes called sporozoans Ex. Plasmodium and Toxoplasm gondii
Life Cycle of Plasmodium
Toxoplasmosis gondii
Dubey, J. P. 2006. http://www.parasitology.com.cn/UploadFile/200957135243451.JPG
Stramenopiles
Colorless filamentous molds, photosynthetic single cells, and large seaweeds belong to the stramenopile lineage
Name means “straw-haired” Grouped according to gene sequence
comparisons 3 Groups:
Diatoms Brown Algae Water Molds
Diatoms
Brown Algae
Fucus - bladderwrack
Macrocystis - Giant Kelp
Parasitic Water Molds
Filaments of Saprolegnia infect fish in aquaria
Phytopthora: The Plant Destroyers
Dead and dying trees near Big Sur, CA, where P. ramorum is epidemic.
Green Algae - Chlorophyte Algae
Volvox
Ulva – “Sea Lettuce”
Codium fragilis – “Dead Man’s Fingers”
Green Algae - Charophyte Algae
Spirogyra. http://silicasecchidisk.conncoll.edu/LucidKeys/Carolina_Key/html/Spirogyra_Main.html
Desmids
Stoneworts (Chara)
Red Alga Antithamnion plumula
Amoeba and Plasmodial Slime Mold
Amoeba proteus Physarum plasmodium
Cellular Slime Mold Life Cycle: Dictyostelium discoideum
Choanoflagellates
Science Notes. 2008. New York Times. http://sciencenotes.wordpress.com/2008/03/06/choanoflagellates-to-sponges-to-metazoa/
Carroll, Sean B. 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/14/science/14creatures.html?_r=1
Devitt, Terry. 2001. University of Wisconsin-Madison News. http://www.news.wisc.edu/6920
The End