EXTREMITAS CAUDALIS (HIND LIMB)

transcript

EXTREMITAS CAUDALIS

(HIND LIMB)

THE HIND LIMB HAVE FOUR SEGMENTS :

CINGULUM MEMBRI PELVINA

(PELVIC GIRDLE)

FEMURALIS (THIGH)

CRURIS (LEG)

PEDIS (PES)

OSSA COXARUM

THE OSSA COXARUM ARE COMPOSED OF THE OS COXAE

OF EACH SIDE, WHICH FORM A CARTILAGINOUS JOINT

ALONG THE MEDIAN LINE (PELVIC SYMPHYSIS).

THE PELVIC SYMPHYSIS, IN TURN, CONSISTS OF THE

PUBIC SYMPHISIS AND THE ISCHIATIC SYMPHYSIS.

THE COXAE CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF THREE PARTS,

* OS ILEUM

* OS ISCHIUM ACETABULUM

* OS PUBIS

PELVIS

ILEUMISCHIUM

PUBISACETABULUM

FOR.OBT.

GAMBARAN UMUM PELVIS PADA BEBERAPA SPESIES

Pubis Ischium

CAVUM PELVIS OS COXAE + OS SACRUM + OS Cy I – III VENTRAL = OS ISCHIUM + OS PUBIS DORSAL = OS SACRUM + OS Cy I – III LATERAL = OS ILEUM + OS ISCHIUM PELVIS INLET (APPERTURA PELVIS

CRANIALIS) PELVIS OUTLET (APPERTURA PELVIS

CAUDALIS)

OS ILEUM KUDATUBER SACRUM

TUBER COXAE

CRISTA ILIACA

CORPUS OSSIS ILEUM

ALAE OSSIS ILEUM

INSERTIO TENDON M. RECTUS FEMORIS

OS ILEUMINCISSURA

ISCHIADICA MAJOR

SPINA ISCHIADICA

INCISSURA ISCHIADICA MINOR

OS ISCHIUM SAPI(lateral view)

CORPUS

TABULA

INC. ISC. MINOR

TUBER ISCHIADICUM

SYMPHISIS PELVIS

OS ISCHIUM SAPI(medial view)

TUBER ISCHIADICUM

TABULA

RAMUS OSSIS ISCHII

ARCHUS ISCHIADICUS

OS PUBIS KUDA (DORSAL)

FACIES PELVINA

OS PUBIS KUDA (DORSAL)

EMINENTIA ILIOPUBICUM

SULCUS A/V/N OBTURATORIUS

ACETABULUM

FACIES LUNATA

FOSSA ACETABULARIS

INCISSURA ACETABULARIS

FORAMEN OBTURATORIA

OS FEMURThigh bone, is the largest and most massive of the long

bones. It extends obliquely distally and craniad,

articulating with acetabulum proximally and the

tibia and patella distally.

The structure of the thigh bone, divided into 3 part :

1. Extremitas proximalis

2. Corpus ossis femoris

3. Extremitas distalis

EXTREMITAS PROXIMAL OSSIS FEMUR

CORPUS OSSIS FEMUR

EXTREMITAS DISTAL OSSIS FEMUR

CAPUT FEMUR

FOVEA CAPITIS

COLLUM FEMUR

PARS CAUDAL TROCHANTER MAJOR

PARS CRANIAL TROCHANTER MAJOR

FEMUR HORSE(CAUDAL VIEW)

TMjTMj

INCISSURA TROCHANTERICA

ONLY IN HORSE

CORPUS FEMUR

TROCHANTER TERTIUS

FOSSA SUPRACONDYLOIDEA (FOSSA PLANTARIS)

EXTREMITAS DISTAL OS FEMUR

CONDYLUSTROCHLEA

TUBERCULUM TROCHLEARIS MEDIALIS

TUBERCULUM TROCHLEARIS LATERALIS

CONDYLUS MEDIALIS

CONDYLUS LATERALIS

OS PATELLA (CRANIAL)BASIS

MARGO MEDIAL

MARGO LATERAL

OS PATELLA (CAUDAL)

PROC. CARTILAGINOUS

OS TIBIA et FIBULAEXT. PROX. TIBIA

CORPUS TIBIA

EXT. DISTAL TIBIA

OS FIBULA

EXTREMITAS PROXIMAL TIBIA

CONDYLUS LATERALISCONDYLUS

MEDIALIS

TUBEROSITAS TIBIALIS

EXTREMITAS PROXIMAL TIBIA

EMINENTIA INTERCONDYLOIDEA

T.I.LAT. T.I.MED.

CORPUS OS TIBIA

TUBEROSITAS TIBIALIS

TUBERCULUM TIBIALIS

CRISTA TIBIALISIMPRESIO A/V. TIBIALIS

SULCUS TENDON M. EXT. DIG. LATERALIS

SPATIUM INTEROSSEUS CRURIS

LINEA POPLITEA

INCISSURA POPLITEA

LIGAMENTUM CRUCIATUM CAUDALIS

EXTREMITAS DISTAL OS TIBIA (COCHLEA TIBIA)

MALLEOLUS LATERALIS

MALLEOLUS MEDIALIS

FUSI TIBIA & FIBULA

SULCUS ARTICULARIS

FOSSA SYNOVIALIS

OSSA TARSUSANIMAL ∑ TALUS CALCA

NEUSCENTRALE IV III II I

HORSE 6 + + + + + - FUSI -

COWRUMINA

5 + + - FUSI - - FUSI - +

PIG 7 + + + + + + +

DOG 7 + + + + + + +

VARIASI OSSA TARSUS

OS CALCANEUSTUBER CALCIS

DORSAL VIEW PLANTAR VIEWLATERAL VIEW

DORSAL VIEW

SULCUS CALCANEI

FACIES ARTICULARIS TALARES

FOSSA SYNOVIALIS (SINUS TARSI)

LATERAL VIEW

PROCESSUS CORACOIDEU

TUBER CALCIS

PLANTAR VIEW

SULCUS TENDON M. FLEXOR DIGITI I HALLUCIS LONGUS

SUSTENTACULUM TALI

OS TALUSDORSAL VIEW PLANTAR VIEWLATERAL VIEW

DORSAL VIEW

TROCHLEA TALI

FACIES ARTICULARIS NAVICULARIS

PLANTAR VIEW

FACIES ARTICULARIS CALCANEI

FOSSA SYNOVIALIS (SINUS TARSI)

OS METATARSAL

DORSAL VIEW PLANTAR VIEW

COWHORSE

PERBEDAAN MC - MT

METACARPALMETATARSAL

PELVIC GIRDLE

OS SACRUM

OSSA CAUDALIS

OSSA COXAE

AXIALIS

OS FEMUR

OS TIBIA

OS FIBULA

OS PATELLA

OSSA TARSAL

OSSA METATARSAL

OSSA PHALANX

OSSA SESSAMOIDEA

PELVIS INLET

DORSAL = BASIS OSSIS SACRUM

LATERAL = LINEA ILIOPECTINEAL

VENTRAL = PECTEN OSSIS PUBIS

PELVIS INLET HAS TWO PRINCIPAL DIAMETERS ;

KONJUGATA ANATOMICA

(SACROPUBICUM) =

is measured from the sacral promontory to the cranial end of the symphysis.

TRANSVERSARIUM =

Is measured at the greatest width, i.e. just dorsal to the psoas tubercle.

PELVIS OUTLET

DORSAL = OS VERT. Cy III

VENTRAL = ARCHUS ISCHIADICUS

In the fresh state, it is completed laterally by

the broad sacrotuberal ligament and the

semimembranosus muscle, thus enclosing the

perineum.

ALLAE OSSIS ILEUM Its gluteal surface faces dorsolaterally and caudally. The wide part

is crossed by the curved gluteal line, which extends from the

middle of the medial border toward the coxal tuber. This surface

gives attachment to the glutei medius et profundus.

The sacropelvina surface faces in the opposite direction.

The iliac surface is roughned for ligamentous attachment and bears

an irregular facet, the auricular surface, for articulation with the

sacrum.

TUBER SACRUMTHE STRUCTURE AT THE

CARNIVORA IS MORE

PROMINENCE, WHICH CALLED

SPINA ILIACA DORSALIS.

OCCASIONALLY, ITS STRUCTURE

HAVE TWO PROMINENCE

PECTEN OSSIS PUBIS

The cranial border of the pubis.

Laterally it bears the rough iliopubicum eminence.

Near the symphysis is a variable porminance,

the ventral pubicum tubercle.

EMINENTIA ILIOPUBICUM

LATERAL PECTEN OSSIS PUBICUMCONTINUED WITH

LINEA ILIOPECTINEAL

The acetabulum is a cotyloid cavity which lodges the head of the femur.

It faces ventrolaterally and consist of an articular and a non-articular part.

The articular part (facies lunata) is crescentic and is cut into internally by a rough non articular depression, the acetabular fossa.

The medial part of the rim is correspondingly cut into a foramen by the transverse acetabular ligament in the fresh state and transmite the accessory ligament and the ligament to the head of the femur.

THE SITE OF UNITED TWO BONES :

1. OS ISCHIUM

2. OS PUBIS

OS PUBIS HORSE (DORSAL)

CORPUS FEMUR

FACIES CRANIALIS, LATERALIS

ET MEDIALIS CLOSED BY

QUADRICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE

FACIES CAUDALIS CLOSED BY

ADDUCTOR MUSCLE

TROCHANTER TERTIUS POSITION AT LATERAL&

ONLY AT THE FEMUR HORSENOT OTHER ANIMALS

MARGINAL RIDGE OF THE FOSSA SUPRACONDYLOIDEA IS CALLED

CRISTA SUPRACONDYLOIDEA LATERALIS&

THIS STRUCTURE DOES NOT FIND AT THE DOG AND PIG

FOSSA OF THE POPLITEAL MUSCLE

FOSSA EXTENSORIA,

THE SITE FOR ATTACH THE TENDON OF:

1. EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUM MUSCLE

2. PERONEUS TERTIUS MUSCLE

• The synonim is

cartilago patellaris• Cartilago patelllaris

of the carnivora find

at the lateral, called

cartilago patellaris

lateralis or

fibrocartilago

parapatellaris and the

medial , called

cartilago patellaris

medialis

EMINENTIA INTERCONDYLOIDEA

THE SYNONIME IS SPINA TIBIALIS ITS STRUCTURE CONSISTS OF TUBERCULUM INTERCONDYLOIDEA

LATERALIS ET MEDIALIS ITS NOT ARTICULATES AREA

THE MENISCUS ATTACHED AT THIS SITE THE CRANIAL & CAUDAL AREA OF THE

SPINA CALLED FOSSA INTERCONDYLOIDEA

FOSSA INTERCONDYLOIDEA

CRANIALIS

CENTRALIS

CAUDALIS

CONDYLUS LATERALIS

BIGGER THAN CONDYLUS MEDIALIS, SQUARE,

SOMEWHAT SHADLE-SHAPED AT SURFACE

ITS HAS AN OVERHANGING LATERAL MARGIN,

CALLED MARGO INFRAGLENOIDALES, DISTAL TO

WHICH THERE IS A FACET FOR ARTICULATION WITH

THE HEAD OF FIBULA

AT THE SURFACE FIND A GROOVE FOR ATTACHED

THE TENDON OF POPLITEAL MUSCLE

EXTREMITAS CAUDALIS (HIND LIMB)

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