Eye Health Campaign WorkshopMohamed Abdelmongy local Officer Assistant on Public Health (LPO Assistant)EYE Health Project Local Coordinator

Eyes is a Very Precious Gift from the GOD For Everyone In the World.

Anatomy of the eye

Eyes: The Windows to Your Healthsixty year old man walked into his ophthalmologist for a routine annual eye exam, and walked out with something he wasn’t expecting!

"I saw a microscopic clot in the blood vessels of his retina, So I reffer him to an urgent follow-up with his cardiologist. “ ophthalmologist said.

The follow-up by cardiologist revealed a much bigger mass residing in his carotid artery, putting him at high risk for a stroke.

An Eye Exam May Be Life-Saving

A potential stroke is just one of the health conditions that might be visible in the eyes, which are not only the windows to our soul, but also to our body's overall health. diabetes, high blood pressure, autoimmune diseases, sexually transmitted diseases and cancers are among the illnesses that can be detected during an eye exam.

Why ?That's because the eye is the only place in the body where a doctor can have an unobstructed view of our blood vessels, nerves and connecting tissue — without any need for surgery.

Because the eye has the same microscopic tissue as our other major organs, and is an important part of our larger nervous system, abnormalities spotted in the eye may signal the same changes in other parts of the body.

For example,• ophthalmologists often detect diabetes during the dilated

portion of the eye exam by observing changes or damage in the blood vessels of the retina, known as diabetic retinopathy. In these cases, the disease may show up in the eye tissue even before it does in a blood sugar test. Thanks to early detection during eye exams, people diagnosed in this beginning stage of diabetes potentially can avoid vision loss and other serious complications.

• Loss of side vision, which can be a symptom of glaucoma , also can indicate serious health issues that go beyond vision. It can map back to a problem in certain regions of the brain, indicating a stroke, head trauma, tumor, or brain bleed.

Eye Exams: How Often and What to Expect?

The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends all adults get a baseline eye exam from an ophthalmologist by age 40, when early signs of disease and vision changes may start to occur.

But, If you have an eye disease or a risk factor for developing one, such as diabetes, high blood pressure or a family history of eye disease, you should see an ophthalmologist even if you are younger than 40.

Adults age 65 and over should have a comprehensive eye exam every one years.

An eye exam is a relatively simple and comfortable procedure,

Your eye doctor will check:

• Your medical history• Your visual acuity• Your pupils• Your side vision• Your eye movement• Your prescription for corrective lenses• Your eye pressure• The front part of your eye• Your retina and optic nerve

When to have an eye examSeveral factors may determine how frequently you need an eye exam, including your age, health and risk of developing eye problems. General guidelines are as follows:Children 5 years and younger :For children under 3, your pediatrician will likely look for the most common eye problems — lazy eye, crossed eyes or turned-out eyes. But in pre-mature infants? School-age children and adolescents. before he or she enters first grade. If the child has no symptoms of vision problems and no family history of vision problems, have his or her vision rechecked every one to two years. Otherwise, schedule eye exams based on the advice of your eye doctor.Adults : In general, if you're healthy and have no symptoms of vision problems, have your eyes checked on this schedule:Every three years in your 20s and 30sEvery one years from 40 to 54Every one years from 55 to 64Every 6 month years after age 65

Have your eyes checked more often if you:Wear glasses or contact lensesHave a family history of eye diseaseHave a chronic disease that puts you at greater risk of eye disease, such as diabetes

statistics• 285 milion people around the world are blind or

visually impaired.• About 80% of these cases are avoidable.• Poorer population are more affected.• 90% of these patients lives in developing countries.

so, what’s the common causes of visual impairment ?

• 42% Refractive errors.• 33% Cataract.• 25% Others.

cause prevalenceCataract 47.8%

Glaucoma 12.3%

Trachoma 3.6% (but in Egypt ?)

Corneal Opacity 5.1%

Diabetic Retinopathy 4.8%

AMD 8.7%

Blindness in children 3.9%

NOW, we will talk in brief about the common eye diseases :

Refractive ErrorsWhen light is not focused properly, it causes blurry vision. Refractive errors can usually be corrected with glasses, contacts, or surgery. They include:• myopia (nearsightedness), which is when far-away objects look blurry• hyperopia (farsightedness), which is when close-up objects look blurry• astigmatism, which can result in blurry vision because the cornea is not

perfectly shaped to direct light into the eye• presbyopia, which is farsightedness caused by the loss of elasticity of the

eye’s lens due to aging• TTT: …………………………

Cataract

Cataract is a clouding of the lens, causing blurry or color-tinted vision.• People with cataracts often report “haloes” surrounding objects

that they are looking at, particularly at night. It is most common in older people.

• cataracts can be removed by surgery that replaces the lens with an artificial lens.

Glaucoma

• Glaucoma is increased pressure of the fluid inside the eye, which can cause optic nerve damage.

• Glaucoma is a common cause of blindness, particularly in diabetic patients.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is gradual damage to

the cells of the macula.• This condition is most common in people over 60 years old. It

causes blurry vision, especially in the center of the field of view.• According to the Foundation Fighting Blindness, AMD is the

leading cause of blindness among people over age 55 in the United States.

Amblyopia• Commonly referred to a "lazy eye,“• amblyopia occurs when one eye has worse vision than the other, and

the brain begins to favor the better eye.• This will occur if one of the eyes is blocked from producing clear images

during the critical years from ages 0 to 6.• One eye may be inhibited by problems such as a lid droop, tumor, or

crossed eyes (strabismus) that are not fixed when a child is young.• It is important to have young children evaluated by an eye doctor in

order to ensure that subtle signs of amblyopia are not present.

Diabetic RetinopathyDiabetic retinopathy is damage to the blood vessels of the retina caused by diabetes.• It causes blurred or dark spots in the field of vision and will eventually

lead to blindness. • The best way to avoid these vision problems is to keep your blood sugars

under control and see your eye doctor every year for a dilated eye exam.• TTT and Invest. : ……………..

Retinal Detachment or Tear

A tear in or detachment of the retina causes blurry vision or partial loss of vision.

Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye is a lack of proper tears, usually due to a problem with the tear ducts or eyelids, or a problem with certain medications. This condition can cause pain and blurry vision.

Trachoma• also called granular conjunctivitis, Egyptian ophthalmia, and blinding

trachoma, • is an infectious disease caused by bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. • The infection causes a roughening of the inner surface of the eyelids. • This roughening can lead to pain in the eyes, breakdown of the outer

surface or cornea of the eyes, and possibly blindness. • Untreated, repeated trachoma infections can result in a form of permanent

blindness

• Eye strain also known as asthenopia • is an eye condition that manifests itself through nonspecific

symptoms such as fatigue, pain in or around the eyes, blurred vision, headache and occasional double vision.

• Symptoms often occur after reading, computer work, or other close activities that involve tedious visual tasks.

• TTT: ……………..

Nutrition and Vitamins for Your Eyes

الهامه النقاط على مراجعةهو • النصائح في األهم الدوري الشئ الفحص إجراء ضرورة

المعالج للعينين الطبيب يستطيع لكي هذا و تكاسل بدونتتفاقم أن قبل وقت أسرع في العينين في مشكلة أي عالج

أصعب العالج يصبح و .المشكلةالطبية • نصحك النظارات ذا إرتدائها من تخجل ال عيباً ليست

على تحافظ حتى ضرورة تصبح إنها بل بذلك الطبيبعينيك.

إن • و كان ظرف أي تحت عينيك في يديك تدخل أال حاولنظافة من تتأكد أن عليك فيجب ذلك فعل إلى اضطررت

. ً جيدا غسلها يجب و تماماً يديكقد • األمراض ألن ذلك و ضرورياً عامة بصفة المكان نظافة

المكان على الحفاظ وجب لذلك الذباب طريق عن تنتقل. األخرى الضارة الحشرات و الذباب من خالياً نظيفاً

العامة • العين الصحة بصحة صحة و مرتبطة أن تعلم أن يجبتحافظ أن أردت إذا لذلك عموماً الجسم بصحة تتأثر العينين

. بصحتك تهتم أن فيجب عينين صحة علىيجب • لذلك العينين سالمة على يؤثر قد الدم ضغط ارتفاع

. دورية بصورة الدم ضغط متابعة

إغالق • و النوم و الراحة من الكافي القسط أخذ عليك يجباليوم خالل كافية لمدد .العينين

بعض • وضع أيضاً يجب الكمبيوتر شاشات استخدام عند ومن أعلى العيني مستوى يكون أن منها االعتبار في األشياء

عن كافي بعد لهما العينين يكون و الشاشة مستوىيكون ألن يحتاج قد الذي و ً 60الشاشة أيضا المهم من و سم

شاشة كانت سواء نشاهدها التي الشاشة بنظافة اإلهتمام. التلفزيون شاشة أو الكمبيوتر

العمل • و الكمبيوتر مشاهدة خالل جداً الضرورية األشياء منكل آخر شئ إلى النظر أخرى 10عليه مرة العودة ثم دقائق

. العمل إلىكافة • في ن المتخصصو أغلب ينصحها التي النصائح من و

ينصح و المياه شرب هي عموماً الصحة و الطب مجاالتجاء إذا أما يوم كل الماء من لترين بشرب المتخصصون

نسبة على الحفاظ في تساعد الماء فإن العين عن الحديث. الجفاف من تحميها و باالعين الخاصة الرطوبة

أي • طويل وقت فيها نجلس التي الغرفة إلضاءة بالنسبة أماأن مراعاة فيجب المنزل في الجلوس غرفة أو العمل مكان

. مناسبة فيها اإلضاءة تكونالجلوس • يكون أن فينصح الكمبيوتر على العمل حالة في و

المشاهدة أوقات في اإلستلقاء أبداً يجب ال و مستقيماً. الكمبيوتر لشاشة أو للتلفزيون

Thanks