Post on 22-Feb-2016
description
transcript
Federalists vs. Anti Federalists
DEBATE OVER CONSTITUTION!
But Why?
FEDERALISTS
• Favored ratification of Constitution• Favored Powerful federal (national
government)• Didn’t believe Bill of Rights was necessary
because federal power was necessary.• “The Federalist Papers” – Written by James
Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay. Addressed fears of many that they government would be too powerful. Said powers were limited and divided between 3 branches.
ANTI FEDERALISTS
•Opposed ratification of Constitution•Wanted a weak federal government
that would not threaten states rights.•Wanted a Bill of Rights to declare
and protect the rights of the people.
How was the debate resolved?- Ratification• Federalists promised addition of Bill of
Rights• Ratification (passing) of Constitution took
9 of 13 state votes.• Ratification succeeded, 1789• James Madison drafts 10 amendments
Constitution, Bill of Rights
Bill of Rights• To help get support for the Constitution,
rights of the people were added• Anti-Federalists worried that the
Constitution did not list states/citizen rights.
• Federalists said “Ratify now, amend later.”
• They guaranteed to add amendments that listed citizen rights as soon as the constitution was passed.
• Bill of Rights protects Americans from abuses of government power.
• 10 Amendments (changes) made in 1791
Thomas Jefferson’s Idea• Jefferson helped pass a law in
Virginia called the “Statute for Religious Freedom”
• Law said government could not support or restrict people’s religions
• Jefferson: “a wall of separation between church and state”
• Why would this matter to the American people?
• Became 1st Amendment in Bill of Rights: “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”
Federalism
• The national government controls the whole country
• The states have a right to control themselves too
• National government can’t make states do certain things
Enumerated (Federal) Powers• Declare war• Maintain armed forces• Regulate interstate and foreign
trade• Admit new states• Establish Post Offices• Set standard weights and
measures• Coin money• Establish Foreign Policy• Make all laws necessary and
proper for carrying out powers (Elastic Clause).
Reserved (State) Powers• Establish and Maintain
Schools• Establish local governments• Set corporate laws• Regulate business within the
state• Make Marriage laws• Provide for public safety• Assume other powers not
given to the federal government nor prohibited to the states.
Shared Powers
• Maintain Law and Order
• Levy Taxes• Borrow Money• Charter Banks• Establish Courts• Provide for public
welfare
Popular Sovereignty• Constitution is a
social contract with the people to create a government
• “We the people” begins the Constitution and 6 goals for the government are stated
Separation of Powers
• The Constitution created a separation of powers.
• Spread out government power between 3 branches.
• Created to make sure government did not become too powerful (like a monarchy).
Legislative Branch
• Congress would be representatives from the states
• Legislative Branch would MAKE the laws
Executive Branch• A president would
help rule the country
• Executive Branch would ENFORCE the laws
Judicial Branch
• A special group of judges would be given power
• Judicial Branch would JUDGE the laws
Checks and Balances
• The national government is split into branches
• Each branch can check and balance the power of the other branches
Checks and Balances: Legislative
• Can change the Constitution
• Can impeach (remove) Supreme Court justices
• Can pass laws without president’s approval
• Can impeach (remove) the president
Checks and Balances: Executive
• Can veto (refuse to approve) laws
• Can pick Supreme Court justices
Checks and Balances: Judicial• Can declare laws
unconstitutional• Can declare actions
of the president unconstitutional
Was it Enough?: Citizen’s Rights
• People wanted the rights of citizens protected in the Constitution
• Many states already had laws protecting rights
• What was created to protect the people?