Post on 18-Jan-2016
description
transcript
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 1
FHWA Safety Core Business UnitOffice-Level Structure
Offi c e o f S a fety
P rograms
Offi c e o f S a fety
Des ign
Offi c e o f P rogram
Integration and
Delivery
C hie f
H ighw ay S afety
E ngineer
P rogram M anager,
S a fety
Develops and manages programs for the safe operation of roadways, bicycle and pedestrian facilities, and at intermodal connections; including use of Federal funds for safety purposes.
Directs a program of assistance to States and other customers in the development and use of road and roadside features that impact highway safety performance.
Leads FHWA safety strategic and performance planning efforts, ensures integration of safety with other FHWA & DOT initiatives, and manages a program to leverage safety technology and innovation.
Advances safety through innovation, leadership, and public service through the coordination of engineering, behavior, education, enforcement, and emergency medical services initiatives.
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 2
Highway Safety in the U.S.
U.S. Highway System Among World’s Safest Fatality Rate Decreasing (as Traffic Increasing) But over 41,000 Deaths & 3,200,000 Injuries per Year and
rates of 1.52 US DOT Safety Goals (FHWA, NHTSA, & FMCSA)
20% Reduction in Highway deaths & injuries by 2008 50% Reduction in Large-Vehicle-Related deaths & injuries
FHWA Safety Program Analyzes where fatalities & injuries occur Looks for major contributing factors Provides funding and program assistance for safety needs
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 3
Estimated Lives Saved in 2000(Using 1966 Fatality Rate & 2000 Traffic Volumes)
*Avoided 109,405 Additional Deaths (70% less)
020000400006000080000
100000120000140000160000
1966 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98
2000
Actual Fatalities
Projected Fatalities (using 1966 Rate)
*
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 4
Where Fatalities OccurBy Roadway Functional Class - 2000
data
Interstate &Other Freeway
Local Roads
Collectors
7,718 7,358
18,047
8,698
Number of Fatalities
Arterials
Fatatity Rate per 100M VMT (1998)
0.9
1.6
2.2 2.1
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Interstate/Freew ay Arterial Collector Local Road
Roadway Functional Class
Fat
ality
Rat
e
Fatality Rates (per 100 Million VMT)
Interstate &
Other Fwy
Locals
Collectors
Arterials
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 5
Where Fatalities Occur2000 data
18,047
RURAL & URBAN PERCENT Fatalities
RURAL Fatalities by Roadway Functional Class
INTERSTATE RURAL 13%
l
ARTERIALS
38%COLLECTORS
30%
LOCAL 19%
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 6
What We Know About Crashes
80% occur during normal weather conditions on dry roads
70% occur during daylight hours
Fatalities: 61% Rural39% Urban
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 7
Intersections
21% of all Fatalities 44% of all Crashes
- 58% Urban- 42% Rural
Unsignalized Intersections- 55% of Urban Crashes- 90% of Rural Crashes
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 8
2 Lane Roads
77% if all Fatalities (32,038)- 2/3 in Rural Areas- 2/3 during daylight hours- 1/4 intersection related- 1/6 Head-ons- 6/10 are single vehicle crashes
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 9
FHWA Focus AreasMajor Contributing Factors to Fatalities
Single Vehicle Run-Off-Road - 38 % Speeding Related - 30 % Intersections - 21 % Pedestrian and Bicyclist - 13 %
(Source: 2000 FARS data)
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 10
Run-Off-Road Crashes
Crashworthy Devices
Removing Roadside Hazards
Rumble Strips
Improved Visibility
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 11
Run Off Road
Safety Hardware NCHRP 350 National Crash Analysis Center
activities Shoulder Rumble Strips Interactive Highway Safety Design Model
(IHSDM) – Add Modules & Training Retroreflectivity / UV Demonstration Older Driver Workshops
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 12
Intersection; Speeding;Pedestrian & Bicyclist Crashes
Intersection Design & Enforcement
Safety Features for Pedestrians and Bicyclists
VariableSpeed Limits
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 13
Intersections
Stop Red Light Running (RLR) Campaign Automated Enforcement for RLR Surrogate Safety Measures for Intersections Use of Innovative Technologies (esp. coord.
with ITS / IVI efforts) Roundabout Guide / Workshops / Analysis
Tools National Agenda-Setting Workshop
Lead by AASHTO / FHWA; w/ ITE, other partners November 2001
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 14
Speed - Related
Speed Setting Demonstrations Workshops Speed Exhibit Variable Speed Limit Operational
Test Perceptual Measures for
Controlling Speed (Based on Human Factors)
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 15
Pedestrians & Bicyclists
Pedestrian Safety Countermeasure Selection System
University Pedestrian and Bicyclist Course Pedestrian and Bicyclist Resource Set (on
CD) Pedestrian “Safer Journey” CD Pedestrian Safety Engineering Outreach and
Awareness Campaign Pedestrian Safety Engineering and ITS-based
Countermeasures
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 16
Program-Wide Initiatives
Expanding Partnerships – Internal & External Advance AASHTO Strategic Safety Plan Integration of Safety w/ Planning Process Highway Safety Improvement Program
(HSIP): Coordinated Best Practices Review w/ FHWA Field & States – Quality of Safety Data a Key Issue
2001 National Highway Safety Awards Emphasizing Role of Technology & Innovation
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 17
AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan
Leadership by AASHTO with the assistance of
Federal Highway Administration National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration TRB Committee on Transportation Safety
Management ITE
National safety experts in driver, vehicle, and highway issues
.
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 18
Key Issues
Fatality and Injury Numbers on a “Plateau”: What new opportunities are out there to restore progress?
Data: Quality, Timeliness & Value to Countermeasure Development & Safety Conscious Planning
Needs of Localities: Significant Part of Problem Is on Local Roads
Growing Older Driver Population: Safety impacts, particularly at complex intersections and interchanges
Intersection Safety: Growing concern as high-crash location; aggressive driving, traffic control & enforcement issues
5/8/02 FHWA Office of Safety 19
Highway Safety Public Awareness
Moving Safely Across America - interactive highway safety experience CD-ROM and Kiosk
Read Your Road - Every Highway User’s Guide to Driving SafelyStop Red Light Running videoNight Lights video - explains how retroreflectivity saves livesSafer Journey Interactive Pedestrian Safety Awareness – the “Gold
Camera” award winning CD-ROMWalkable Community brochure Everyone is a Pedestrian brochure setRed Light-Green Light video on intersection safetyNational Work Zone Awareness Week educates the public about safe
driving in work zonesPut the Brakes on Fatalities Day - a new highway safety outreach campaign
observed October 10th each year.