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Fire Protection in Shipyard
Employment
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General provisions
Purpose and Scope 501 Fire safety plan 502 Precautions before hot work 503
Fire watches 504 Fire response 505 Hazards of fixed extinguishers on board vessel 506 Landside fire protection system 507
Training 508
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Purpose
Requires employers to protect all employeesfrom fire hazards in shipyard employment,including employees engaged in fireresponse activities
Provides increased protection for shipyardemployment workers from the hazards of fireon vessels and vessel sections and at land-side facilities
Reflects new technologies and nationalNFPA consensus standards
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Scope
Covers employers with employeesengaged in
Shipyard employment aboard vesselsand vessel sections
Land - side operations
Regardless of geographic locations
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Employee participation
Employers must provide for employees or
employee representatives to participate indeveloping and reviewing programs and
policies to comply with this subpart
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Multi-employer worksites
Host employer responsibilities
Inform employers about the contentof the fire safety plan including
hazards, controls, fire safety andhealth rules, and emergencyprocedures
Ensure safety and healthresponsibilities for fire protection areassigned as appropriate to otheremployers at the worksite
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Multi-employer worksites (contd)
Contract employer responsibilities
Ensure host employer knows about the fire-
related hazards associated with the contractemployer's work and what the contractemployer is doing to address them
Advise the host employer of any previouslyunidentified fire- related hazards that thecontract employer identifies at the worksite
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Fire safety plan29 CFR 1950-502
Employer responsibilities
Plan elements
Reviewing the plan with employees
Additional employer requirements
Contract employers
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Plan elements
Plan must include: Identification of significant fire hazards Procedures for recognizing and reporting unsafe
conditions Alarm procedures Procedures for notifying employees of a fire
emergency Procedures for notifying fire response organizations
of a fire emergency
Procedures for evacuation Procedures to account for all employees after an
evacuation; and Names, job titles, or departments or individuals who
can be contacted for information about the plan
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Reviewing the plan with employees
The employer must review the plan witheach employee at the following times:
By March 14, 2004, for current employees
Upon initial assignment for new employees; and When the actions the employee must take
under the plan change because of a change induties or a change in the plan.
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Additional plan requirements
Must be accessible to employees,employee representatives and OSHA
Review and update at least annually
Document affected employees have beeninformed about the plan
Give a copy to outside fire responseorganizations that will respond to fires
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Contract employers
Contract employers in shipyardemployment must have a fire safetyplan for their employees, and the plan
must comply with the host employer'sfire safety plan
The contract employer can adopt the
host employers fire safety plan tomeet this requirement
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Precautions for hot work29 CFR 1915 503
General requirements
Designated areas
Non-designated areas
Specific requirements
Maintaining fire hazard freeconditions
Fuel gas and oxygen supplyline and torches
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General requirements -designated areas
The employer maydesignate areas that arefree of fire hazards
for hot work in sitessuch as:
Vessels
Vessel sections
Fabricating shops
Subassembly areas
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Non-designated areas
Visually inspect area where hot workwill be performed, including adjacentareas unless Marine Chemistscertificate or Shipyard Competentpersons logs is used forauthorization
Perform hot work only in areas thatare free of fire hazards, or controlledby physical isolation, fire watches,etc.
Maintain fire hazard-free conditions
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Precautions for hot work specificrequirements
Fuel gas and oxygen supply lines andtorches
No unattended lines in confined spaces
No unattended charged lines in enclosedspaces for more than 15 minutes
Fuel gas and oxygen hose lines disconnectedat end of each shift
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Precautions for hot work specificrequirements (contd)
Roll lines back to supply manifold or open airand then disconnect torch, or
Disconnect extended fuel gas and oxygenhose lines at the the supply manifold
Only if the lines are given a positive means ofidentification
Use a drop test or other positive means to ensurethe integrity of fuel gas and oxygen burning systembefore resuming hot work
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Fire watches29 CFR 1915 - 504
Written policy
Posting fire watches
Assigning employees
to fire watch duty
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Written policy
Detailed fire watch training
Identifies dutiesemployees will perform
and equipment they will begiven
Includes personalprotective equipment(PPE) that must be madeavailable and worn
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Posting fire watches
Must post a fire watch duringhot work if any of thefollowing are present: Slag, weld splatter, or sparks
might pass through an openingand cause a fire Fire-resistant guards or curtains
are not used to prevent ignitionof combustible materials on or
near decks, bulkheads, etc Combustible material is closerthan 35 ft. and cannot beremoved, shielded or protected
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Posting fire watches (contd)
Hot work is carried out on or nearinsulation, combustible coatings thatcannot be shielded, cut back,removed, or inerted
Combustible materials adjacent tothe opposite sides of bulkheads,decks, etc. may be ignited byconduction or radiation
The hot work is close enough tocause ignition through heat radiation
or conduction on: Insulated pipes, bulkheads, decks,
partitions, or overheads; or Combustible materials and/or
coatings
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Posting fire watches (contd)
The work is close enough tounprotected combustible pipeor cable runs to cause ignition
A Marine Chemist, a CoastGuard-authorized person, or ashipyard Competent Personrequires that a fire watch be
posted
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Assigning employees to firewatch duty
Employees must not be assignedadditional duties while the hotwork is in progress
Employees must be physically
capable of performing fire watchduties
Employees assigned to firewatch duty must:
Have a clear view and immediateaccess to all areas included in the firewatch
Be able to communicate with workersexposed to hot work
Be authorized to stop work and restore
safe conditions within hot work area
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Assigning employees to firewatch duty (contd)
Remain in the hot work area for 30 minutes aftercompletion of the hot work - Unless theemployer or its representative surveys theexposed area and makes a determination thatthere is no further fire hazard
Be trained to detect fires in areas exposed to thehot work
Extinguish incipient stage fires in the hot workarea
Alert employees of any fire beyond the incipientstage; and
If unable to extinguish fire, activate the alarm
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Fire response29 CFR 1915 505
Employer responsibilities
Written policy information Internal response
External response Medical requirements for shipyard
response employees
Organization of internal fireresponse functions
Personal protective clothing andequipment for fire responseemployees
Equipment maintenance (PPE)
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Employer responsibilities
Decide what type of response will beprovided and who will provide it Internal fire response Outside fire response
Create, maintain, and update awritten policy that: Describes the internal and outside
fire response organizations that theemployer will use; and
Defines evacuation procedures, ifthe employer chooses to require atotal or partial evacuation of theworksite at the time of a fire
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Written policy internal response
The basic structure of the fireresponse organization
Number of trained fire responseemployees
The fire response functions thatwill be carried out
Minimum number of fire responseemployees necessary
Type, amount, and frequency oftraining that must be given to fireresponse employees
Procedures for using protectiveclothing and equipment
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Written policy outside response
Types of fire suppressionincidents to which the fireresponse organization isexpected to respond at the
employer's facility
Liaisons between theemployer and the outside fire
response organizations
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Written policy outside response(contd)
A plan for fire response functions that:
Addresses procedures for obtaining assistance fromthe outside fire response organization
Familiarizes the outside fire response organizationwith the layout of the employer's facility or worksite
Sets forth how hose and coupling connections will bemade compatible and location of adapter couplings
States employer will not allow use of incompatiblehose connections
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Written policy combination ofinternal and outside response
The basic organizational structure of thecombined fire response
Number of combined trained fire responders Fire response functions that may need to be
carried out Minimum number of fire response employees
necessary Number and types of apparatuses, and
Description of the fire suppression operationsestablished by written standard operating proceduresfor each particular type of response at the worksite
Type, amount, and frequency of joint trainingwith outside fire response organizations
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Employee evacuation
Emergency escape procedures Procedures to be followed by employees who
remain at worksite to perform critical operationsduring the evacuation
Procedures to account for all employees afteremergency evacuation is completed
Means of reporting fires and other emergencies Names or job titles of employees or departments
to be contacted for further information orexplanation of duties
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Written emergency response
The employer must include the followinginformation in the employer's writtenpolicy:
A description of the emergency rescueprocedures; and
Names or job titles of the employees who are
assigned to perform them
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Medical requirements for shipyardfire response employees
The employer must ensurethat: Fire response employees
receive medical exams toassure they are physically and
medically fit for duties expectedto perform Fire response employees,
required to wear respiratorsmeet the medical requirements
Each fire response employeehas an annual medicalexamination; and
Medical records are kept onfire response employees
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Organization of internal fireresponse functions
Organize fire response functions to ensureadequate resources for emergency operations
Establish lines of authority and assignresponsibilities to ensure components of the
internal fire response are accomplished Set up incident management system to
coordinate and direct fire response functions,including: Specific fire emergency responsibilities Accountability for all fire response employees participating
in an emergency operation; and Resources offered by outside organizations Provide information as required to the outside fire
response organization to be used
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PPE for fire response employees
General requirements
Thermal stability and flame resistance
Respiratory protection
Interior structural firefighting operations
Proximity firefighting operations
Personal alert safety system (PASS) devices
Life safety ropes, body harnesses and hardware
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General requirements
Employer must:
At no cost, supply all fireresponse employeesappropriate personal protectiveclothing and equipment theyneed to perform expected duties
Ensure employees wear theappropriate PPE and use the
equipment, when necessary, toprotect them from hazardousexposures
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Thermal stability and flameresistance
Ensure each fire response employee exposed toflame hazards do not wear clothing that couldincrease the extent of injury
Prohibit wearing clothing made from acetate,nylon, or polyester, either alone or in blends,unless it can be shown that: The fabric will withstand the flammability hazard that
may be encountered; or The clothing will be worn in such a way to eliminate
the flammability hazard that may be encountered
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Life safety ropes, bodyharnesses and hardware
The employer must ensure that: All life safety ropes, body harnesses, and
hardware used by fire responseemployees for emergency operations
meet the applicable recommendations inNFPA 1983-2001 Fire response employees use only Class I
body harnesses to attach to ladders andaerial devices; and
Fire response employees use only ClassII and Class III body harnesses for fallarrest and rappelling operations
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Equipment maintenance
Personal protective equipment Employer must inspect and maintain PPE used to
protect fire response employees to ensure that itprovides the intended protection
Fire response equipment. Keep fire response equipment in a state of readiness Standardize all fire hose coupling and connection
threads throughout the facility Ensure all fire hoses and coupling connection
threads are the same throughout the facility as thoseused by the outside fire response organization, or Supply suitable adapter couplings if such an
organization is expected to use the fire responseequipment within a facility or vessel or vessel section
Hazards of fixed extinguishing
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Hazards of fixed extinguishingsystems on board vessels and
vessel sections 29 CFR 1915 - 506
Employer responsibilities
Requirements for automatic and manualsystems
Sea and dock trials
Doors and hatches
Testing the system
Conducting system maintenance
Using fixed manual extinguishingsystems for protection
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Employers responsibilities
The employer must comply with theprovisions of this section wheneveremployees are exposed to fixed
extinguishing systems that could create adangerous atmosphere when activated invessels and vessel sections, regardless of
geographic location
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Requirements for automatic andmanual systems
Before working in a a space with a fixed system, either:
Physically isolate the systems or use other positivemeans to prevent the systems' discharge;
or Ensure employees are trained to recognize:
Systems' discharge and evacuation alarms and theappropriate escape routes; and
Hazards associated with the extinguishing systemsand agents including the dangers of disturbingsystem components and equipment
S
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Sea and dock trials anddoor hatches
During trials, the employermust ensure that allsystems remain operational
Take protective measuresto ensure all doors,hatches, scuttles, and otherexit openings remainworking and accessible forescape in the event the
systems are activated; and
S d d k i l d
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Sea and dock trials anddoor hatches(contd)
Ensure that all inward openingdoors, hatches, scuttles, and otherpotential barriers to safe exit are
removed or blocked open, ifsystems' activation could result in apositive pressure in the protectedspaces sufficient to impede escape
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Testing the system
When testing a fixed extinguishing systeminvolves a total discharge of extinguishingmedium into a space, employer must: Evacuate all employees from space and assure no
employees remain in the space during the discharge Retest the atmosphere to ensure that the oxygen
levels are safe for employees to enter
When testing a fixed extinguishing system doesnot involve a total discharge of the systems
extinguishing medium, employer must: Ensure system's extinguishing medium is isolated All employees not directly involved in the testing are
evacuated from the protected space
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Conducting system maintenance
Before conducting maintenanceon a fixed extinguishing system,the employer must ensure that
the system is physically isolated
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Using fixed manual extinguishingsystems for fire protection
If fixed manual extinguishing systems are usedto provide fire protection for spaces in which theemployees are working, the employer mustensure that: Only authorized employees are allowed to activate
the system
Authorized employees are trained to operate andactivate the systems; and
All employees are evacuated from the protectedspaces, and accounted for, before the fixed manualextinguishing system is activated
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Land-side fire protection systems29 CFR 1915 - 507
Employer responsibilities
Portable fire extinguishers and hosesystems
Fixed extinguishing systems
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Employer responsibilities
Ensure all fixed and portable fireprotection systems needed tomeet OSHA standard foremployee safety or employee
protection from fire hazards inland- side facilities meet therequirements, including, but notlimited to:
Buildings Structures
Equipment
P bl fi i i h d
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Portable fire extinguishers andhose systems
Employer must select, install,inspect, maintain, and test allportable fire extinguishersaccording to NFPA 10-1998Standard for Portable FireExtinguishers
Class II or Class III hose systemspermitted as fire extinguishers ifthe employer selects, installs,
inspects, maintains, and teststhose systems according to thespecific recommendations in NFPA14-2000 Standard for theInstallation of Standpipe, Private
Hydrant, and Hose Systems
G l i t f fi d
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General requirements for fixedextinguishing systems
Ensure any fixed extinguishing systemcomponent or extinguishing agent isapproved by an OSHA NationallyRecognized Testing Laboratory
Notify employees and take necessary
precautions to ensure employees aresafe from fire if for any reason a fireextinguishing system stops working,until the system is working again
Ensure repairs to fire extinguishing
systems and equipment are done by aqualified technician Provide and ensure employees use
PPE when entering discharge areas inwhich the atmosphere remains
hazardous to employee safety or health
G l i t f fi d
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General requirements for fixedextinguishing systems (contd)
Post hazard warning or cautionsigns at entrance to and inside ofareas protected by fixedextinguishing systems that use
extinguishing agents inconcentrations known to behazardous to employee safety orhealth
Select, install, inspect, maintain,and test all automatic fire detectionsystems and emergency alarmsaccording to NFPA 72-1999
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Fixed extinguishing systems
Standpipe and hose systems IAW NFPA 14 -2000
Automatic sprinkler systems IAW NFPA 25-2002, and either NFPA 13 1999, or NFPA
750 2000 Fixed extinguishing systems that use water or
foam agent IAW NFPA 15-2001 Fixed extinguishing systems using dry
chemical IAW NFPA 17-2002 Fixed extinguishing systems using gas IAWNFPA 12-2000
T i i
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Training29 CFR 1915 - 508
Training
All - employee training
Additional training requirements for
employees expected to fightincipient stage fires
Additional training requirements forshipyard employees designated for
fire response Additional training requirements for
fire watch duty
Records
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Training
Current employees by03/15/2005
New employees uponinitial assignment
When necessary tomaintain proficiencyfor employeepreviously trained
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Employee training (contd)
Employer must train allemployees on
Emergency alarm signals,including systemdischarge alarms andemployee evacuationalarms
The primary and
secondary evacuationroutes that employeesmust use in the event of afire in the workplace
T i i f l t d t
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Training for employees expected tofight incipient stage fires
Principles of using fire extinguishersor hose lines
Hazards involved with incipientfirefighting, and the procedures used
to reduce these hazards Hazards associated with fixed and
portable fire protection systems Activation and operation of fixed and
portable fire protection systems thatthe employer expects employees touse in the workplace
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Requirements for shipyard employeesdesignated for fire response
Have a written plan stating fire responseemployees are trained and capable ofcarrying out their duties
Update plan to address anticipated
emergencies Review training programs and hands-on
sessions before their use in training andensure employees are protected fromhazards associated with response training
Provide training that ensures employees arecapable of carrying out their duties Train new employees before they engage in
emergency operations
Requirements for shipyard employees
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Requirements for shipyard employeesdesignated for fire response (contd)
At least quarterly, provide training onwritten operating procedures
Use qualified instructors to conduct thetraining
Conduct training that involves live fireresponse exercises IAW NFPA 1403-2002
Conduct semi-annual drills according to
employers written procedures Prohibit use of smoke generating devices
in training exercises
Additional training for fire
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Additional training for firewatch duty
The employer must ensure thateach fire watch is trained by aninstructor with adequate firewatch knowledge andexperience:
Before being assigned as afire watch
Whenever there is achange in operations thatpresents a new or differenthazard
Whenever employerbelieves fire watchs skillsare inadequate
Annually
Additional training for fire
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Additional training for firewatch duty(contd)
Basics of fire behavior
Different classes of extinguishing agents
Stages of a fire
Methods for extinguishing fires Adverse health effects caused by fire
Physical characteristics of hot work area
Extinguishing live fire scenarios
Unless prohibited by local and federal law Extension to July 1, 2005
Additional training for fire
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Additional training for firewatch duty(contd)
Hazards associated with fire watch duties
PPE and its use
Selection and use of extinguishers and hoses
Location and use of barriers
Means of communication
When and how to start fire alarm procedures
Employers evacuation plan
Vessel sections
Land-side
Additional training for fire
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Additional training for firewatch duty(contd)
Alert others to exit the space when
The fire watch perceives an unsafecondition
Fire watch perceives a worker is in danger
Employer or employers representative
orders an evacuation
An evacuation signal is activated
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Records
Training records must include: Employees name
Trainers name
Type of training Dates training took place
Records must be maintained forone year, or until replaced bynew record, whichever isshorter
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For More Help
Contact your local OSHA office
OSHA Web site (www.osha.gov) Maritime Page
http://www.osha.gov/dts/maritime/index.html
1-800-321-OSHA
http://www.osha.gov/http://www.osha.gov/