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FIRE PROTECTION IN THE
2008 NEW YORK CITY BUILDING CODE
New York Society of Architects
24 January 2008
Presented by
Joseph Razza, PE Rolf Jensen & Associates, Inc.
John Lee, RA NYC Department of Buildings
Copyright © 2007 by NYC Department of Buildings
“The New York Society of Architects” is a Registered
Provider with the American Institute of Architects
Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on
completion of this program will be reported to CES
Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion
for non-AIA members are available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for
continuing professional education. As such, it does not
include content that may be deemed or construed to be
an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material
of construction or any method or manner of handling,
using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and
services will be addressed at the conclusion of the
presentation.
Learning Objectives
This forum will discuss in general the fire protection requirements in
the 2008 New York City Building Code in the following areas:
• Participants will be able to understand the various types of fire-resistance-rated
construction required by the code
• Participants will be able to apply fire-resistive and smoke-resistive requirements to
construction practices
• Participants will be able to understand the conditions that require installation of
automatic fire extinguishing systems
• Participants will be able to apply standpipe design standards to building
construction
• Participants will be able to understand the conditions that require installation of fire
alarm systems
• Participants will be able to apply fire alarm system design standards to buidling
construction
Local Law 99 of 2005
Local Law 33 of 2007
Timeline
• For 1 year between the Effective date (’08) and the Mandated date
(’09), either the new code or current code may be elected, i.e.12-
month grace period
Enactment
July
2007
Mandated
July
2009
Effective
July
2008 12-Month
Grace Period
The New York City Construction Codes
The organization of the Title 28 of the Administrative Code of the City
of New York, New York City Construction Codes, is as follows:
Fuel Gas Code (Including Chapters 1-13 of Fuel Gas Code)28-900s
Mechanical Code (Including Chapters 1-15 of Mechanical Code)28-800s
Building Code (Including Chapters 1-35 of the Building Code)28-700s
Plumbing Code (Including Chapters 1-13 of the Plumbing Code)28-600s
Outdoor Signs28-500s
Licensing and Registration28-400s
Building Maintenance28-300s
Enforcement28-200s
Administration28-100s
The 2008 New York City Building Code contains 34 chapters and 11
appendices that address building code requirements by subject.
Title 27 Subchapter 5Exterior WallsChapter 14
NYS Energy Conservation
Construction Code
Energy EfficiencyChapter 13
HMC, MDL, Title 27 Subchapter
12
Interior EnvironmentChapter 12
Title 27 Subchapter 4AccessibilityChapter 11
Title 27 Subchapter 6, 8Means of EgressChapter 10
Title 27 Subchapter 7, 17Fire Protection SystemsChapter 9
Title 27 Subchapter 5Interior FinishesChapter 8
Title 27 Subchapter 5Fire-Resistance-Rated ConstructionChapter 7
Title 27 Subchapter 3, 5Types of ConstructionChapter 6
Title 27 Subchapter 4General Building Heights and AreasChapter 5
Title 27 Subchapter 7Special Detailed Requirements Based on
Use and Occupancy
Chapter 4
Title 27 Subchapter 3Use and Occupancy ClassificationsChapter 3
Title 27 Subchapter 2DefinitionsChapter 2
Title 26 Subchapter 1-4
Title 27 Subchapter 1
Title 28-Administration
(Including Plumbing Code’s Chapter 1, Mechanical Code’s
Chapter 1, Fuel Gas Code’s Chapter 1)
1968 Building Code2008 Building Code
New York City Building Code Chapter Organization
New York City Building Code Chapter Organization
Title 27 Subchapter 3, 4Encroachments Into the Public Right-of-WayChapter 32
Title 27 Subchapter 4, 7Special ConstructionChapter 31
Title 27 Subchapter 18Elevators and Conveying SystemsChapter 30
Title 27 Subchapter 16Plumbing SystemsChapter 29
Title 27 Subchapter 13, 14, 15Mechanical SystemsChapter 28
Title 27 Subchapter 6, 7, NYC
Electrical Code
ElectricalChapter 27
Title 27 Subchapter 5PlasticChapter 26
Title 27 Subchapter 10Gypsum Board and PlasterChapter 25
Title 27 Subchapter 10Glass and GlazingChapter 24
Title 27 Subchapter 10WoodChapter 23
Title 27 Subchapter 10SteelChapter 22
Title 27 Subchapter 10, 15MasonryChapter 21
Title 27 Subchapter 10AluminumChapter 20
Title 27 Subchapter 10, 19ConcreteChapter 19
Title 27 Subchapter 1, 11, 19Soils and FoundationsChapter 18
Title 27 Subchapter 1,10,11Structural Tests and Special InspectionsChapter 17
Title 27 Subchapter 9,10Structural DesignChapter 16
Title 27 Subchapter 5Roof Assemblies and Rooftop StructuresChapter 15
1968 Building Code2008 Building Code
New York City Building Code Chapter Organization
RS 5-16Acoustical Tile and Lay-In Panel Ceiling
Suspension Systems
Appendix R
RS 17-1, 17-2, 17-2A, 17-2B, 17-5Modified National Standards for
Automatic Sprinkler, Standpipe, and Fire
Alarm Systems
Appendix Q
Title 27 Subchapter 4, RS 4-6,
TPPN 8/88, 15/88, 22/88
Toilet & Bathing Facilities in R-2
Occupancies
Appendix P
Title 27 Subchapter 4, RS 4-6Assistive Listening SystemsAppendix N
Directive 6 of 1979Supplementary Requirements for One- and
Two-Family Dwellings
Appendix M
RS 18.1ElevatorsAppendix K
Title 27 Subchapter 7Outdoor SignsAppendix H
Title 27 Subchapter 4Flood-Resistant ConstructionAppendix G
MDL §80.6, RS 16Rodent ProofingAppendix F
Title 27 Subchapter 4Supplementary AccessibilityAppendix E
Title 27 Subchapter 3, 4, 5Fire DistrictsAppendix D
Appendix to Title 27, Chapter 1Referenced StandardsChapter 35
Title 27 Subchapter 19Safeguards During ConstructionChapter 33
1968 Building Code2008 Building Code
Chapter 3 –Use and Occupancy Classification
D-1semiconductor fabrication facilities using hazardous production materials (HPM) in excess of the permitted
aggregate quantity.H-5
nonematerials that are health hazards.H-4
Amaterials that readily support combustion or present a physical hazard.H-3
Auses present a deflagration hazard or a hazard from accelerated burning.H-2
Amaterials that present a detonation hazard. H-1
AHigh Hazard: Groups H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4, and H-5H
D-2involve non-combustible, non-flammable materials, or low-hazardous production. F-2
D-1moderate-hazard.F-1
DFactory and industrial: Groups F-1 and F-2F
GEducational:
5 or more persons at any time for educational purposes. E
EBusiness:
office, professional, service-type transaction, public or civic services.B
F-2participation in or viewing outdoor activities.A-5
F-1bindoor sporting events with spectator seating.A-4
F-3, F-1b, F-4worship, recreation or amusement (physically active), and other assembly uses not classified elsewhere
in Group A.A-3
F-4food and/or drink consumption.A-2
F-1awith fixed seating, intended for production and viewing of the performance arts or motion pictures.A-1
FAssembly: Groups A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, and A-5A
Chapter 3 –Use and Occupancy Classification
KUtility and Miscellaneous:
structures of an accessory character, or not classified in any specific occupancy.U
B-2low-hazard storage occupancy for non-combustible materials.S-2
B-1moderate-hazard storage occupancy for any flammable or combustible materials.S-1
BStorage: Groups S-1, and S-2 S
J-3not more than 2 apartments on a long term basis (for a month or more).R-3
J-2more than 2 dwelling units on a long term basis (for a month or more).R-2
J-1occupied transiently (for less than one month) and student dormitories. R-1
JResidential: Groups R-1, R-2, and R-3R
CMercantile:
display and sale of merchandise.M
H-2 day care facilities, occupied by persons of any age who receive custodial care (without overnight) by
individuals other than parents, guardians, or relatives in a place other than at the home.I-4
H-1more than 5 persons who are detained under restraint or security reason.I-3
H-2
medical, surgical, nursing or custodial care, on a 24-hour basis, of more than 3 persons, who are not
capable of self-preservation or responding to an emergency situation without physical assistance from
staff. I-2
J-2 housing persons, on a 24-hour basis, capable of self-preservation and responding to an emergency situation
without physical assistance from staff.I-1
H, J-2Institutional: Groups I-1, I-2, I-3, and I-4I
Chapter 5 Separated Occupancies
Table 508.3.3
Chapter 5 Incidental Use Areas
Table 508.2
Chapter 7
Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
• Exterior walls (Section 704)
– Designed to contain the fire to the building of origin and prevent
its spread to adjoining buildings.
– For Fire Rating, refer to:
• Table 601 Protection based on Construction Type
• Table 602 Fire Separation Distance based on
– Distance between buildings
– Construction Type and
– Occupancy
Chapter 6 – Types of Construction
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
• Exterior walls (Section 704)
– Table 704.8 prescribes the area limitations, as a percentage of
exterior wall area, for both unprotected and protected openings,
based upon separation distances, irrespective of construction
class.
• Compare to current code Table 3-4
– Table 704.8 permits unprotected openings within separation
distance of 15 feet
• current code permits the equivalent only for construction
classes II-D and II-E
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
• Exterior walls (Section 704)
– Both protected and unprotected openings are permitted within
the same exterior wall, limited in area through a formulary
(Equation 7-2)
– the amount of unprotected openings in exterior walls is permitted
to equal the permitted amount of protected openings in fully
sprinklered buildings
– fully sprinklered buildings are not required to provide vertical
separation of openings
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
Elements of Fire and Smoke Separation
• Fire Separation of Occupied Spaces
– FIRE WALL
– FIRE BARRIER
– FIRE PARTITION
• Smoke Separation of Occupied Spaces
– SMOKE BARRIER
– SMOKE PARTITION
• Separation of Concealed Spaces
– FIRESTOPPING
– FIREBLOCKING
– DRAFT STOP
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE WALL (Section 705)
A fire resistance rated wall, with protected openings, extending
continuously from the foundation through or to a roof assembly
– Each portion of a building separated by fire walls shall be considered a
separate building.
– Similar to (but not same as) current code definition of FIRE DIVISION
– Fire ratings based on occupancy, refer to Table 705.4
• Minimum rating 2 hours
• If mixed occupancy, most restrictive rating used
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE WALL (Section 705)
MATERIALS
– Materials are non-combustible
• Only Exception: Type V Construction
OPENINGS
– Unsprinklered buildings
• Each opening shall not exceed 120 sq ft
• Aggregate width of openings at any floor level not to exceed 25% of
length of wall
– Both buildings sprinklered
• Individual openings not limited to 120 sq ft
• Aggregate width of openings at any floor level not to exceed 25% of
length of wall
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE WALL (Section 705)
PARTY WALLS
– All party walls, which are built on property lines between
adjoining buildings, are to be constructed as fire walls
(Section 503.2)
– Attached one-and two-family dwellings shall be separated by
walls constructed in accordance with Section 705 or
Appendix M (one- and two-family dwellings not more than 3
stories in height)
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE BARRIER (Section 706)
• Subdivides single and mixed use occupancies within a single
building.
• Fire Rating based on occupancy
– Mixed Use Occupancies refer Table 508.3.3.
– Single Occupancies refer Table 706.3.7.
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE BARRIER (Section 706)
A fire resistance rated horizontal or vertical assembly with
protected openings. A fire barrier wall must extend from the
floor below, through any concealed spaces, to the underside of
the floor or roof slab above.
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE BARRIER (Section 706)
• Both vertical and Horizontal Continuity
• Vertical
– Continuous from top of fire rated floor/ceiling assembly below
to underside of floor/roof assembly above
– No circumstances where top of a fire barrier is permitted to
terminate at ceiling level
– Hollow spaces firestopped at every floor level
• Horizontal
– Continuous without openings except as permitted
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE BARRIER (Section 706)
• For separating
– Fire Areas
– Public corridors
– Incidental Use Areas
– Shafts
– Hazardous Material Control Areas
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE BARRIER (Section 706)
Hazardous Materials Control Area
• Design alternative for handling HM
• Enclosed spaces within a building bounded by exterior walls, fire
walls, fire barriers, roofs and/or a combination thereof
– Compartmentation and separation of HM’s into pre-defined
quantities based on properties and physical/health hazards as
per Table 307.1 &2
• Permits non-hazard occupancies to keep their occupancy
designation without being classified as H
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
• Shaft enclosures (Section 707)
– shaft enclosure materials as permitted by the building type of
construction,
• except Groups I-1, R-1 and R-2 buildings require shafts of
noncombustible materials.
– 2-hour fire-resistance rating required, or 1 hour if connecting
fewer than 4 stories
– Impact resistant stair and elevator shaft requirement for high-rise
buildings of any occupancy
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE PARTITION (Section 708)
– 1 hour fire-resistance-rated
– A vertical assembly with protected openings. A fire partition need
not extend through any concealed spaces provided that the
partition intersects a fire-rated ceiling assembly and the concealed
space is fire blocked or draft stopped at the partition line
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE PARTITION (Section 708)
• For separating
– Interior corridors
– Tenant separations in fully sprinklered covered mall buildings
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
FIRE BARRIER vs. FIRE PARTITION
• Horizontal and Vertical
• Vertical assembly continuous through concealed spaces
• Rating is occupancy dependent and starts at 2 hours for other than U occupancies
• Materials used by
Construction Type
• Vertical only
• Continuous through concealed ceiling space or stop at rated ceiling
– Blocking required in concealed spaces of combustible constructions
• Rated for 1 hour regardless of occupancy
• Materials used by
Construction Type
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
Smoke separation of occupied spaces
• SMOKE BARRIER (Section 709)
– Either vertical or horizontal
– A 1 hour fire-resistance-rated membrane, designed to restrict the movement of smoke.
• SMOKE PARTITION (Section 710)
– A vertical membrane designed to restrict the movement of smoke.
– Not necessarily required to be fire-resistance rated
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
SMOKE BARRIER (Section 709)
• Create ‘smoke compartments’
as horizontal areas of refuge in
special use buildings covered
in Chapter 4
– I-2 – hospitals, nursing
homes
– I-3 - prisons, jails,
detention centers
– Underground buildings –
building spaces for human
occupancy more than 30 ft
below lowest level of exit
discharge
SMOKE BARRIER, WALL SECTION
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
SMOKE PARTITION (Section 709)
• No fire rating required because occupancy is required to be
protected by auto sprinklers
• For use in corridors in special in I-2 Occupancies
• For use in constructing smokeproof elevator lobbies in high-rise
construction
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
Separation of concealed spaces(Section 717)
• FIRESTOPPING– A fire-resistance-rated assembly of
materials installed to resist the free passage of flame or hot gases
– generally applied to penetrations of fire-resistance rated construction (Section 712)
• FIREBLOCKING– An assembly of materials installed to resist
the free passage of flame or hot gases.
– Not necessarily required to be fire-resistance rated
• DRAFT STOP– An assembly of materials installed to resist
the free passage of air in concealed spaces.
– Not required to be fire-resistance rated– Horizontal Only
– Relies on the insular capacity of large open spaces to retard smoke and gas travel
EXAMPLES OF FIRESTOPPING
Chapter 7 – Fire-Resistance Rated Construction
Separation of concealed spaces (Section 717): DRAFTSTOPPING
DRAFTSTOPPING,
EXAMPLE A
DRAFTSTOPPING,
EXAMPLE B
Chapter 9
Fire Protection Systems
Chapter 9
Fire Protection Systems
• Sprinkler Systems
• Alternative Systems
• Standpipe Systems
• Fire Alarm Systems
• Carbon Monoxide Alarms
• Smoke Control Systems
• Post-Fire Smoke Purge Systems
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
As per the DOB’s summary of the NYC’s New Construction Code:
•This section is organized by Occupancy Group and establishes the conditions that require installation of an automatic sprinkler system, based upon occupant load, fire area and building area.
•For nearly all Occupancy Groups, this section is more restrictive than the current code and will require sprinkler systems in spaces and buildings where such systems are currently not required.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
•This section also the provides the requirements for locations that are exempt from the provisions of this section and are protectedby alternative fire extinguishing systems. The current code does not provide an equivalent provision, although alternative systems have been approved for use in New York City in the past. This section codifes the practice.
•This section requires all residential occupancies to be equippedwith an automatic sprinkler system, with exceptions for one- and two-family homes and townhouses. The current code requires sprinkler systems only in residential occupancies J-1 and J-2 and does not extend the requirement to all residential occupancies.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
•This section provides specific locations for quick-response automatic sprinklers in spaces and buildings that require automatic sprinkler system protection. The equivalent does not appear in the current code.
•This section requires high rise buildings to provide secondary on-site water supply equal to the hydraulically calculated sprinkler demand. The equivalent does not appear in the current code.
•All other provisions of this section are equivalent to the current code.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Sprinkler systems
Where required - Section 903
Based on:
• Building Use Group/size
– i.e. Use Group A-1, A-3 or A-4 exceeding 12,000 s.f.
– or O.L. = 300 or more
– or fire area on floor other than level of exit discharge
• Specific occupancies
– i.e. high-rise, atrium, underground structures
• To meet height/area for desired construction type per Chapter 5
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic Sprinklers
• Groups A-1 thru A-4
• Group A – 5 (accessory)
• Group E
• Group F – 1
• Group H
• Group I
• Group M
• Group R
• Group S
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required for:
Assembly Groups A-1, A-2, A-3 and A-4 occupancies, throughout the floor area where located, and in all floors between the Group A occupancy and the level of exit discharge where:
• Fire area > 12,000 sq. ft. (5,000 sq. ft. in A-2).
• Fire area has an occupant load of 300 or more.
• The aggregate occupant load of all fire areas by Group A, located on any given floor other than level of exit discharge, is 300 or more.
• Group A-1 fire area contains a multi-theater complex.
• Group A-2 occupancy used as a cabaret.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required in all enclosed
areas of Assembly Group A-5 (outdoor assembly)
structures including but not limited to:
• Concession concourse and stands
• Retail areas
• Press Boxes
• Other accessory areas in excess of 1,000 sq. ft.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required for
Educational Group E (through 12th grade)
• Throughout all Group E fire areas greater than 20,000 sq. ft.
• Throughout every portion of educational buildings below level of exit discharge
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout all buildingscontaining a Group F occupancy where any one of the following conditions exists:
• Group F-1 fire area exceeds 12,000 sq. ft.;
• Group F-1 fire area is located more than 3 stories above grade; or
• Combined area of all Group F-1 fire areas on all floors, including mezz., exceeds 24,000 sq. ft.; or
• Where required by Section 280 of NYS Labor Law.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout any
Group F-1 fire area where any one of the following
conditions exists:
• The fire area exceeds 7,500 sq. ft.
• The fire area of any size is located more than 3 stories above grade.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout
buildings containing a Groups M occupancy where
any one of the following conditions exists:
• Group M fire area exceeds 12,000 sq. ft.
• Combined area of all Group M fire areas on all floors, including mezz., exceeds 24,000 sq. ft.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout
any Group M occupancy fire area where any one of
the following conditions exists:
• Fire area exceeds 7,500 sq. ft.
• Fire area of any size is located more than 3 stories above grade.
• Fire area of any size is located in a high-rise building.
• Fire area of any size contains an unenclosed stair or escalator connecting two or more floors.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout all
buildings containing a Group S-1 occupancy where
any one of the following conditions exists:
• Group S-1 fire area exceeds 12,000 sq. ft.
• The building is greater than 1,000 sq. ft. in area, and the main use or dominant occupancy is Group S-1.
• The combined area of all S-1 fire areas on all floors, including mezz., exceeds 24,000 sq. ft.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout any
Group S-1 occupancy fire area where any one of the
following conditions exists:
• The fire area exceeds 500 sq. ft.
• The fire area of any size is located more than 3 stories above grade.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout
buildings greater than 5,000 sq. ft. in area where the
main use or dominant occupancy is Group S-2, and
throughout:
• Commercial parking garages greater than 5,000 sf. used for storage of commercial trucks or buses.
• Group S-2 occupancy fire area greater than 5,000 sq. ft.
• Enclosed parking garages and where an open or enclosed garage is located beneath other groups.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout
all occupancies and buildings with a main use or
dominant occupancy of:
• High-Hazard Group H occupancies
• Institutional Group I fire area
• Residential Group R fire area
• Exception: Detached one- and two-family dwellings and multiple single-family dwellings (townhouses), provided such structures are not more than 3 stories above grade plane and have separate means of egress.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Buildings Over 55 Feet in Height
Automatic sprinkler system required throughout buildings with a floor level having an occupant load of 30 or more that is located 55 feet or more above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Additional Required Suppression Systems
Covered malls Special amusement buildings
High-rise buildings Group H-2
Atriums Flammable Finishes
Underground buildings Unlimited area buildings
Group I-2 NFPA 13 as modified for NYC
Stages
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Sprinkler systems designed, installed and
maintained in accordance with:
• NFPA 13 – 2002, as modified for NYC
• NFPA 13R – 2002, as modified for NYC
• NFPA 13D – 2002, as modified for NYC
Testing and maintenance per NYC Fire Code
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
Where automatic sprinkler systems are required, Quick-response and residential sprinklers are required to be installed in the following areas:
• Throughout all spaces within a smoke compartment containing patient dwelling units in Group I-2.
• Dwelling units in Group R and I-1 occupancies.
• Light hazard occupancies as defined by NFPA 13.
Section 903 Automatic Sprinkler Systems
SECTION 903.5.2 Secondary Water Supply
A secondary on-site water supply equal to the hydraulically calculated sprinkler demand, including the hose stream requirement, shall be provided for high-rise buildings in Seismic Design Category C or D as determined by this code, and in any high-rise building greater than 300 feet in height. The secondary water supply shall have a duration not less than 30 minutes as determined by the occupancy hazard classification in accordance with NFPA 13.
Section 904 Alternative Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems
Automatic fire-extinguishing systems, other than automatic sprinkler systems, shall be designed, installed, inspected, tested and maintained in accordance with the provisions of the New York City Fire Code and the applicable reference standards.
Except: Commercial cooking systems are required to be protected by carbon dioxide extinguishing systems or wet-chemical extinguishing systems
Section 904 Alternative Automatic Fire Extinguishing Systems
Standards as per the NYC Fire Code:
• Dry-chemical NFPA 17
• Wet-chemical NFPA 17A
• Foam systems NFPA 11 and NFPA 16
• Carbon dioxide NFPA 12
• Halon systems NFPA 12A
• Clean-agent NFPA 2001
• Water-mist NFPA 750
Section 905 Standpipe Systems
This section provides the conditions under which standpipe systems are required for buildings and the locations for hose connections. This section permits combined standpipe systems for all installations. The current code only permits such systems for certain buildings. This is an improvement that resolves a peculiarity of the current code.
Standpipe systems shall be installed in accordance with this section and NFPA 14 as modified in Appendix Q.
Standpipe systems are permitted to be combined with automatic sprinkler systems.
Section 905 Standpipe Systems
Applicability. Standpipe systems shall be installed throughout the following buildings:
- Buildings 2 stories or more in height with floor area of 10,000 sq. ft. or greater on any story;
- Buildings 3 stories or more in height with floor area of 7,500 sq. ft. or greater on any story;
- Buildings of any area with a floor level having an occupant load of 30 or more that is located 55 feet or more above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access.
- Buildings of any area, constructed in accordance with Section 403 (High Rise), with occupied floors located 75 feet or more above the lowest level of fire department vehicle access.
Section 905 Standpipe Systems
Applicability. Standpipe systems shall be installed throughout the following buildings:
- Nonsprinklered Group A buildings having an occupant load exceeding 1,000 persons.
- Covered mall buildings
- Stages
- Underground buildings
- Helistops and heliports
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
907.1 General. This section covers the application, installation, performance and maintenance of fire alarm systems and their components. Systems shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 72 as modified in Appendix Q and the New York City Electrical Code.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
As per the DOB’s summary of the NYC’s New Construction Code:
•This section is organized by Occupancy Group and establishes the conditions that require installation of fire alarm systems, based upon occupant load, fire area and building area.
•For nearly all Occupancy Groups, this section is more restrictive than the current code and will require fire alarm systems in spaces and buildings where such systems are currently not required.”
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
• New Code requires mechanical and electrical equipment rooms
of any size to be equipped with smoke detectors connected to a
fire alarm system vs. current (only if the room is greater than 75
sq. ft.)
• New Code requires smoke detectors to be installed in elevator
lobbies.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
907.1 Construction Documents shall include, but not be limited to, all of the following:
1. A floor plan that indicates the use of all rooms.
2. Locations of alarm-initiating and notification appliances.
3. Alarm control and trouble signaling equipment.
4. Annunciation.
5, Power connection.
6. Fire alarm riser diagram and all fire alarm devices indicated on the floor plans. Quantities of devices on the floor plans shall match the quantities indicated on the riser diagram.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
907.1 Construction Documents shall include, but not
be limited to, all of the following: (continued)
7. Copies of any variances granted by the department or the Fire
Department.
8. Legend of all fire alarm symbols and abbreviations.
9. Design criteria for fire alarm audibility in various occupancies
indicated on plans.
10. Fire alarm sequence of operation for the fire alarm control
panel and the central station transmitter.
11. The interface of fire safety control functions.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Where required:
– Section 907.2.Fire alarm & detection
Based on:
• Building use group/size
– i.e. Alarm in Use Group B with O.L. > 500…
• Specific occupancies
– i.e. high-rise, smoke control systems, underground
structures
71
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Fire Detection and Alarm
• Group A
• Group B
• Group E
• Group F
• Group H
• Group I
• Group M
• Group R – 1 and R –2
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Fire Detection and Alarm
• High rise buildings
• Buildings with an atrium
• Covered mall buildings
• Underground buildings
• Special amusement buildings
• Others
907.2 Where required. An approved manual, automatic or manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be provided in accordance with Sections 907.2.1 through 907.2.21. Where automatic sprinkler protection is provided and connected to the building fire alarm system, automatic heat detection required by this section shall not be require. An approved automatic fire detection system shall be installed in accordance with the provisions of this code, the New York City Mechanical Code, and NFPA 72…
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
907.2 (continued) In all occupancies where an automatic fire alarm system is required by this section, selective coverage smoke detectors shall be located as follows, unless partial or total coverage automatic detection is specified:
1. In each mechanical equipment, electrical, transformer, telephone equipment or similar room, in elevator machine rooms, and in elevator lobbies.
2. In air distribution systems in accordance with Section 606 of the New York City Mechanical Code.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be
installed in:
• Group A with occupant load of 300 or more
• Group B and M with an occupant load of 500 or more persons, or more than 100 persons above or below lowest level of exit discharge
• Group E occupancies
• Group F occupancies that are 2 or more stories in height and have an occupant load of [500] 100 or more, or when 25 persons or more are above or below lowest level of exit discharge
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
A manual and automatic fire alarm system shall be
installed in:
• High-Hazard Group H
• Institutional Group I
• Mercantile Group M
• Residential Group R
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Smoke detectors within dwelling units in R-1 occupancies
Smoke detectors and audible notification appliances shall be installed in dwelling units and shall be annunciated by dwelling unit at aconstantly attended location from which the fire alarm system iscapable of being manually activated. Smoke detectors are required in the following areas:
1. In sleeping areas.
2. In every room in the path of means of egress from the sleeping area to the door leading from the dwelling unit.
3. In each story within a dwelling unit, including below-grade stories.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Group R-2
An automatic fire alarm system without alarm notification in Group R-2 occupancies, other than student apartments.
Actuation of smoke detectors shall not initiate a signal to alarm notification appliances. The activation of any detector shall initiate a signal at a central station or a constantly attended location. Smoke detectors located as follows:
1. Mechanical equipment, electrical, transformer, telephone equipment or similar room greater than 75 sq. ft.
2. In air distribution systems per NYC Mechanical Code.
3. In elevator machine rooms and in elevator lobbies.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Group R-2 student apartments
Where the main use of dominant occupancy of a building is classified as R-2 student apartment, fire alarm system shall be installed in accordance with the requirements for R-1 occupancies.
Where the main use or dominant occupancy of a building is not classified as R-2 student apartments and the building is occupied partially by Group R-2 student apartments:
Manual fire alarm system installed throughout all public corridors serving student apartments and student related uses including recreation rooms, lounges, dining rooms, laundry rooms and storage rooms.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Single- and Multiple-Station Smoke Alarms
Required in Groups R-2, R-3 and I-1 located as follows:
1.On the ceiling or wall outside of each room used for sleeping purposes within 15 feet from the door to room.
2.In each room used for sleeping purposes.
3.In each story within a dwelling unit, including below-grade stories and penthouses of any area.
Where more than one smoke alarm or detector is required to be installed within an individual dwelling unit, the smoke alarms or detectors shall be interconnected in such a manner that activation of one alarm activates all alarms.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
An emergency voice/alarm communications
system required in:
• Group A occupancies with an occupant load of 1,000 or more
• Special amusement buildings
• High-rise buildings
• Atriums
• Covered mall buildings
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Emergency voice/alarm communications system
Operation of initiating devices shall automatically sound an alarm tone followed by live voice instructions giving approved information and directions on a general or selective basis to the following areas on a minimum of the alarming floor, floor above and floor below:
1.Elevator lobbies.
2.Corridors.
3.Rooms and tenant spaces exceeding 1,000 sq. ft.
4.Dwelling units in R-1 occupancies.
5.Areas of rescue assistance.
Section 907 Fire Alarm and Detection Systems
Emergency voice/alarm communications system
Exceptions:
1. Group I-1 and I-2 occupancies.
2. Group R-2 occupancies 125 feet or less in height.
3. Group R-2 occupancies greater than 125 feet.
Section 908 – Emergency Alarm Systems
This section provides the requirements for:
• Emergency alarms to detect and notify of emergency conditions in Group H occupancies.
• Emergency alarms in a Hazardous Production Material facility.
• Gas detection systems in spaces storing or using highly toxic and toxic gases.
• Gas detection systems in ozone gas-generator rooms.
Section 908 – Emergency Alarm Systems
(continued):
• Flammable-gas detection systems in repair garages.
• Refrigerant detector with an audible and visual alarm in machinery rooms.
Incorporates the location and installation requirements
for carbon monoxide alarms to an equivalent extent as
the current code as amended by Local Law #7/2004.
Section 909 Smoke Control Systems
• Atrium buildings
• Covered malls
• Stages
• Underground buildings
• Smokeproof enclosures
Design F ire 22 ,000 B tu /sec (2,108 kW )
Ele
vat
or Shaf
t
Z = 9 .66 ft (2.94 m )l
Smoke Production R ateV = 261,500 c fm (124 ,430 L /s)
T = 68 F (20 C )amb ien t
T = 71 F (22 C ).smoke laye r
Section 909.20 Smokeproof Enclosures
– Smokeproof enclosures in high-
rise buildings consisting of an
enclosed interior exit stairways,
each provided with one of the
following:
• An open exterior balcony
• A naturally ventilated
vestibule (2 hr rated)
• A mechanically ventilated
vestibule (2 hr rated)
• Pressurization within the
stairway
Section 912 Post-fire Smoke Purge Systems
Required in:
• High-rise buildings subject to Section 403
• Buildings with any story exceeding 50,000 sq. ft.
• Buildings with spaces exceeding 100 feet from natural ventilation openings.
• High piled stock or rack storage in accordance with the NYC Fire Code.
Section 912 Post-fire Smoke Purge Systems
As per the DOB’s summary of the NYC’s New Construction Code:
•This section provides the requirements for the design and installation of post-fire smoke purge systems intended for the timely restoration of operations and overhaul activities once a fire has been extinguished. This section is equivalent to the current code, with the exception that R-2 occupancies are not required to provide a smoke purge system if the building is provided with smokeproof enclosures.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q101 Scope. This appendix provides the modifications to
the nationally recognized standards NFPA 13, NFPA 13D, NFPA 13R, NFPA 14 and NFPA 72, governing the installation and maintenance requirements of automatic sprinkler, standpipe and hose systems, and fire alarm systems.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q102. Installation of Sprinkler Systems.
Provides the NYC modifications of the nationally recognized standard NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2002 edition. The current code references ANSI/NFiPA No. 13 – 1989, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. Though the majority of the modifications are equivalent in scope, the referenced standard in this section is up-to-date and more relevant to current technologies and practices
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q102. Installation of Sprinkler Systems.
The requirements for sprinklers in commercial cooking applications are deleted in their entirety from NFPA 13 since the proposed code does not permit the use of water sprinkler systems in such applications. The current code permits such system in the modifications of ANSI/NFiPA No. 13.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q102. Installation of Sprinkler Systems.
The current code modifications to ANSI/NFiPA No. 13 require approval by the Department of specified devices and systems. The modifications to NFPA 13 by the proposed code do not require Department approval and wholly accept devices and systems listed for their use by nationally recognized testing entities.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q103. Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes
Provides the NYC modifications of the nationally recognized standard NFPA 13D, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes, 2002 edition. The current code references ANSI/NFiPA No. 13 – 1994, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes. Though the majority of the modifications are equivalent in scope, the referenced standard in this section is up-to-date and more relevant to current technologies and practices.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q104. Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Six Stories in Height
Provides the NYC modifications of the nationally recognized standard NFPA 13R, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four Stories in Height, 2002 edition. The current code references ANSI/NFiPA No. 13R – 1994, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four Stories in Height. Though the majority of the modifications are equivalent in scope, the referenced standard in this section is up-to-date and more relevant to current technologies and practices.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q105. Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
Provides the NYC modifications of the nationally recognized standard NFPA 14, Standard for the Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems, 2003 edition. The current code does not modify a nationally recognized standard, and instead provides requirements in Subchapter 17 of the Building Code and the Reference Standards. Furthermore, systems and devices that are listed in accordance with this standard are permitted as-of-right and do not require Department approval as per the current code.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q105. Installation of Standpipe and Hose Systems
The modifications of NFPA 14 are equivalent to the current code in most applications. However, the modifications provided by this section differ from the current code for those regulations that apply to very tall buildings.
-Manual Fire Pumps no longer required
-Redundant automatic and gravity-fed water supplies required
-Design requirements exceed the requirements of the current codes through the requirement for much larger tank sizes for on-site storage of water for fire-fighting purposes, through the requirement for a dedicated high pressure siamese riser, and through a zoned system that improves fire fighting capabilities.
Appendix Q – Modified National Standards for Automatic Sprinkler,
Standpipe, and Fire Alarm Systems
Q106. Installation and Maintenance of Fire Alarm Systems
Provides the NYC modifications of the nationally recognized
standard NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code, 2002 edition.
The current code references ANSI/NFiPA No. 72 – 1993,
National Fire Alarm Code. Though the majority of the
modifications are equivalent in scope, the referenced
standard in this section is up-to-date and more relevant to
current technologies and practices. Furthermore, systems
and devices that are listed in accordance with this standard
are permitted as-of-right and do not require Department
approval as per the current code.
International Fire Code
Intent. The purpose of this code is to establish the minimum requirements consistent with nationally recognized good practicefor providing a reasonable level of life safety and property protection from the hazards of fire, explosion, or dangerous conditions in new and existing buildings, structures and premises and to provide safety to fire fighters and emergency responders during emergency operations.
Proposed New York City Fire Code
Intent. The purpose of this code is to establish reasonable minimum requirements and standards for life safety and property protection, to accomplish the purposes set forth in Section 101.2.
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