Post on 31-Mar-2015
transcript
Floodplain Management in the Post Disaster Environment
October 2011FEMA Region III
Floodplain Management
Course Outline Background of the NFIP Mapping The Permitting Process Your Floodplain Management Ordinance BREAK Substantial Damage/Improvement Higher Standards Insurance at a Glance Legal Concerns Post Disaster Outreach Long Term Recovery Summary of Roles and Responsibilities
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Floodplain Management
The Evolution of the NFIP
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Floodplain Management
Goals of the NFIP
1. Save lives and reduce flood damage to insurable property,
2. Offer low cost flood insurance
3. Encourage a comprehensive approach to floodplain management.
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Floodplain Management
Benefits of Flood Insurance
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ANYONE in a NFIP participating community can buy flood insurance!
Can you describe the differences between flood insurance and disaster assistance?
Floodplain Management
Types of Flood Damage
Hydrodynamic forces
Hydrostatic forces
Debris impact
Soaking
Sediment and contaminants
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Floodplain Management
Mapping
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Floodplain Management
Flood Insurance Study - FIS
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Floodplain Management
Mapping
Where to look at preliminary maps:
http://www.rampp-team.com/pa.htm
Existing maps at FEMA Map Services Center:
http://www.msc.fema.gov
How to make a FIRMette:
http://www.rampp-team.com/documents/region3/ how_to_create_a_firmette.pdf
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Floodplain Management
Letters of Map Change LOMCs
Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA)
Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR)
Letter of Map Revision (LOMR)
Letter of Map Revision Based on Fill (LOMR-F)
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Federal Minimum Requirements
Require permits
Elevate residential & elevate/dry flood proof non-residential structures
Use flood resistant materials
Elevate and anchor utilities
Limit development in floodways
Minimize/eliminate flood damage to public utilities/facilities
Anchor all structures
Floodplain Management
What Is “Development”
Modifications or improvements to structures, excavation, filling, paving, drilling, driving of piles, mining, dredging, land clearing, grading and the permanent storage of materials/equipment.
ALSO covers replacement of utilities, including wiring, hot water heaters, HVAC, etc.
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Floodplain Management
Permitting
Application form needs to include Federal minimums, State and your local ordinance requirements
Get a site plan
Does it have a floodplain determination?
Review for completeness and compliance
Post Disaster you can waive fees but not permitting requirements!
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Floodplain Management
Permit Sample
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Floodplain Management
Elevation to the BFE
At a minimum you must elevate the lowest floor to the BFE
Freeboard is a margin of safety above that
NO BASEMENTS in the SFHA
How do you establish BFEs in an un-numbered A zone?
Elevate and anchor utilities too
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Floodplain Management
Floodproofing
Only for non-residential or historic structures
Must be certified by a registered architect or engineer
Dry-floodproofing vs wet-floodproofing
Utilities can be floodproofed too
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Floodplain Management
Floodways
Until a regulatory floodway is designated, no new construction, substantial improvements, or other development shall be permitted unless it is demonstrated that the cumulative effect of the proposed development, when combined with all other existing and anticipated development, will not increase the water surface elevation of the base flood more than 1.0 foot at any point within the community.
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Floodplain Management
Openings Prevent hydrostatic flood forces from collapsing
the foundation by allowing water pressure to equalize on either side of the wall.
A minimum of 2 openings on 2 different walls with one square inch of surface for every square foot of enclosed space. 150 square feet = 150 inches.
Bottom of openings must be located no higher than 1 foot above grade.
Can be fitted with screens or louvers that allow the AUTOMATIC entry and exit of water.
Engineered openings are acceptable with certification.
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Floodplain Management
Fill in the Floodplain
No fill shall be permitted unless it meets the requirements of your ordinance. All fill placed in the special flood hazard area shall meet or exceed the standards in your ordinance
Fill shall be used only to the extent to which it does not adversely affect adjacent properties.
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Floodplain Management
Manufactured Homes and Recreational Vehicles Communities may elect to PROHIBIT manufactured homes in
the SFHA.
Examine your pre-existing structure language and floodplain ordinance for options to prevent replacing a substantially damaged manufactured home with a replacement one.
Must be placed on a permanent foundation, at least 18 inches above BFE, properly anchored to resist flotation, collapse or lateral movement.
Recreational Vehicles: on site less than 180 days, licensed and road-ready OR meet manufactured homes guidelines above.
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BREAK
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PA Suggested Provisions Largely minimum requirements
for NFIP & Act 166
Higher standards include: 1 ½ feet of freeboard Restrictions on hazardous
material storage Regulated high risk land uses
(including manufactured homes)
50 foot Setbacks/ Buffers Repetitive Loss Conservation/open space area Estimate BFE in Zone A Lower threshold for SD
Floodplain Management
Community Identified Flood Areas
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The __(Community)___ may identify and regulate new local flood hazard or ponding areas. These areas may be delineated on a “Local Flood Hazard Map” using best available topographic data and locally derived information such as flood of record, historic high water marks or approximate study methodologies.
Floodplain Management
Subdivision Restrictions
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Lower threshold for BFE determination from 50 lots and 5 acres
Require each lot to have a portion of land outside the SFHA
Zone A
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Floodplain Management
Non Conversion Agreements
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A Non Conversion Agreement shall be signed by the applicant whenever the community determines that the area below the first floor could be converted to a non-conforming use (generally applies to enclosed areas below base flood elevation that are 5 ft. high or more).
Floodplain Management
Historic Structures
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Communities have the option of using either provision (exclusion from substantial damage/improvement definition OR variance) for addressing the unique needs of “historic structures.”
Relying on the variance option gives a community more control over which floodplain safety methods are incorporated into the design.
Floodplain Management
Verification of Compliance
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As Built Elevation Certificates
CLOMR/LOMR
Certificate of Occupancy compared to Certificate of Compliance
Permanent Utility Connection
Floodplain Management
Substantial Improvement/Damage The threshold is 50% of fair
market value. How do you determine market value?
Use a Substantial Damage Estimator
Community must determine whether property can be restored or must meet current ordinance requirements.
Consider adding cumulative language to your ordinance
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Floodplain Management
Substantial Damage DeterminationAssess Damage
Make Substantial Damage
Determinations
Notify Damaged Structures of Ordinance
Requirements
Less Than Substantially
Damaged
Use Flood Resistant Materials
Below BFE
Elevate Utilities At or Above BFE
Substantially Damaged
Use Flood Resistant Materials
Below BFE
Elevate Utilities At or Above BFE
Elevate Lowest Floor At or Above
BFE
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Sample Substantial Damage Letter
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Freeboard NFIP premiums based on October 2011 rates
One-floor residential structure with no basement built Post-FIRM
$250,000 coverage for the building and $100,000 for contents
At BFE Insurance Premium: $1,315 building, $380 contents
Zone AE Annual NFIP Insurance Savings
Savings Over 30 Year Mortgage
1 ft. below BFE -$3,415 -$102,450
At BFE 0 0
1 ft. freeboard $675(49%) $20,250
2 ft. freeboard $911 (69%) $27,330
3 ft. freeboard $983 (75%) $29,490
Floodplain Management
Insurance at a Glance
Anyone in a NFIP participating community can get flood insurance
All properties with federally backed mortgages that are located in the SFHA must carry flood insurance.
Elevation Certificates are needed for ratings
Non compliant structures will pay more!
Pre FIRM vs Post FIRM
w
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www.floodsmart.gov
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Increased Cost of Compliance - ICC
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Property must be insured through the NFIP
Structure must be in the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA)
Structure must be substantially damaged
Eligible for up to $30,000 to elevate (floodproof if nonresidential), move or demolish the structure
Floodplain Management
Legal Concerns
What is a regulatory “taking?”
Keep repeating “health, safety and welfare….”
Make sure your ordinance is written clearly and concisely.
Enforce it uniformly and fairly.
In doubt? Get legal advice from your licensed attorney that works for your community.
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Long Term Recovery
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You are the “face” of your community’s floodplain management program but use a team approach
Ensure permitting, zoning, building inspections are happening in accordance with your ordinance
Take advantage of training opportunities; E273 at the Emergency Management Institute (or field deployed equivalent), Advanced Floodplain Management, CRS, HAZUS, http://training.fema.gov/EMI/
Third Party Contractors
Intergovernmental agreements or MOU
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Roles and Responsibilities
Floodplain Management
Quiz Time!
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Why have a Floodplain Ordinance? Who has to enforce the Floodplain Ordinance? What is a non-conversion agreement? Per FEMA’s guidelines how high does the first floor have to be
in a residential home in the SFHA? What is freeboard? What is the difference between a Floodway and Floodplain? Is a “dry stack block” foundation OK in the SFHA? How long can a RV remain in one spot without being moved? What is the requirement for an opening? Who can you call for help?
Floodplain Management
Questions?
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