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transcript
ANSI/SAIA A92.7 – 201x
for
Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift Devices
Date of Publication: XX/XX/XX
This Standard will become effective: XX/XX/XX
This Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on XX/XX/XX
The design and manufacturing requirements of this standard apply to all aerial platforms manufactured
on or after the effective date. All other provisions of this standard apply to both new and existing units
delivered by sale, lease, rental, or for any form of beneficial use on or after the effective date.
The effective date is established by the standards developer and not by the American National
Standards Institute.
This standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American
National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the standard was balanced to assure that
individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The
proposed standard was made available for public review and comment which provides an opportunity
for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.
The Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc. (SAIA) does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any
item, construction, proprietary device or activity.
The Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc. (SAIA) does not take any position with respect to
the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and
does not undertake to ensure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any
applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of this standard are expressly advised
that the determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of the infringement of such
rights, is entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated within the industry is not to be
interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this standard.
The Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc. (SAIA) accepts responsibility for only those
interpretations issued in accordance with governing ANSI Essential Requirements which preclude the
issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers.
ANSI/SAIA
A92.7-201x
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
for Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted
Vertical Lift Devices
Secretariat
Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc.
Approved XX/XX/XX
American National Standards Institute, Inc
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD
Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for
due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer.
Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial
agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means
much more that a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and
objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution.
The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any
respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing,
purchasing, or using products, or procedures not conforming to the standards.
The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances
give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or
authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American
National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or
sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard.
CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn any time. The
procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise,
or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of approval. Purchasers of American
National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the
American National Standards Institute.
Published by
Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc.
400 Admiral Boulevard
Kansas City, MO 64106
www.saiaonline.org
Copyright ©20XX by the Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc.
All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
publisher.
Printed in the United States of America
FOREWORD
This foreword is not part of American National Standard for Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted
Vertical Lift Devices, ANSI/SAIA A9.7-201X.
This standard is one of a series on aerial platforms developed under the committee procedures of the
American National Standards Institute. The A92 standards committee was organized by the Institute in
1948. The Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc. serves as Secretariat.
The primary objective of this standard is to prevent accidents associated with the use of Airline Ground
Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift Devices by establishing requirements for design manufacture,
installation, maintenance, performance, use and training.
Interpretations and Suggestions for Improvement
All inquiries requesting interpretation of the Committee’s approved American National Standards must
be in writing and directed to the Secretariat. The A92 Committee shall approve the interpretation
before submission to the inquirer. No one but the A92 Committee is authorized to provide any
interpretation of this standard.
The A92 Committee solicits comments on and criticism of the requirements of the standards. The
standards will be revised from time to time where necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the
experience gained from the application of the standards. Proposals for improvement of this standard
will be welcome. Proposals should be as specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the
proposed wording, and a detailed rationale for the proposal including any pertinent documentation.
All requests for interpretation and all suggestions for improvement shall be forwarded in writing
to the ASC A92 Committee, c/o Secretariat ~ Scaffold & Access Industry Association, 400 Admiral
Boulevard, Kansas City, MO 64106
This Standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by Accredited Standards Committee
Aerial Platforms, A92 Aerial Work Platforms. The ASC A92 committee approval of the standard does
not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time the ASC A92
committee approved this standard, the A92 Aerial Work Platforms Committee had the following
members:
Dave Merrifield, Chairman
Lincoln L. Schoenberger, Vice-Chairman
Alimak Hek…………………………………………………………………………………………Gregory Janda
Altec HiLine, LLC………………………………………………………………………..………... Eric Lumberg
Altec Industries, Inc.…………………………………………………………………………………. Bryan Hall
American Rental Association…………………………………………………………………….. Carla Brozick
Arrowhead Aerial Products, Inc…..………………………………………………………….. Sharon McCarty
Arrowhead Product Development, Inc.……………………………………………………….Gary Werkhoven
Association of Equipment Manufacturers………………………………………………………....Daniel Moss
AWPT…………………………………………………………………………..………………….….Kevin O’Shea
Brewington & Company………………………………………………………………………. John Brewington
C.W. Wright Construction…………………………………………………………….……………Michael Stiles
Caterpillar ……………………………………………………………………………………..…… Steven Brown
CPWR – The Center for Construction Research & Training ………………………………………Pam Susi
Disneyland……………………………………………………………………………………….Kenneth Colonna
Diversified Inspections LLC…………………………………………………………………………...Lee Bisbee
Eckstine & Associates, Inc………………………………………………………….……………Dennis Eckstine
Elliott Equipment Company…………………………………………………………..…………….. Jason White
Equipment Safety Consultants, Inc…..…………………………………………...…………….Charles Recard
Equipment Technology LLC………………………………………………………………………….Brian Davis
Eric A. Schmidt, PE…… …………………………………………………………………………….Eric Schmidt
Evulich & Associates……………………………………………………………………………….Barris Evulich
Florida Power & Light Company…………………………………………………………………Mike Paulson
Fraco Products Ltd. ………………………………………………………………………...Francois Villeneuve
GAR Equipment ………………………………………………………………………………… Richard Stollery
Genie Industries…………………………………………………………………………...……….Richard Curtin
Global Rentals……………………………………………………….………………………………Joshua Chard
H&E Equipment (Corporate Office) ………………………………………………………….…Frankie Wynn
Haulotte Bil-Jax………………………………………………………………………………….. Shahid Qureshi
Hayden Enterprises……………………………………………………………………………………Bud Hayden
Heath & Associates………………………………………………………………………………Frederick Heath
Helac Corporation…………………………………………………………………………………...Carl Kishline
Hydro-Mobile, Inc……………………………………………………………………….……….Vincent DeQuoy
Intercontinental Equipment Company LLC…………………………………………………………Ron Norris
International Masonry Institute……………………………………………………….………Michael Kassman
JLG Industries, Inc………………………………………………………………………….………Steven Forgas
Kinectrics………………………………………………………………………………………………Ernest Jones
Klimer Platforms ……………………………………………………………………………….. .. James Gordon
Lee Electrical Construction, Inc………………………………………………………………...…….John Cook
Lift-A-Loft Corporation……………………………………………………………………….………..Bill Fulton
Lift-A-Loft Corporation……………………………………………………………………….…..Chris Barefoot
McDonough Elevator Sales & Rentals………………………………………………………..Kevin Lavorgna
MEC Aerial Work Platforms……………………………………………………………….……….David White
Merrifield Safety Consulting LLC ……………………………………………………………. Dave Merrifield
Miller by Honeywell…………………………………………………………………………...Preston Anderson
NES Rentals ………………………………………………………………………………………..…. Teresa Kee
New York State Dept of Transportation………………………………………………….……Frank Bonesteel
Northeast Utilities ……………………………………………………………………………….. Richard Mosel
OEM Controls, Inc……………………………………………………………………......Lincoln Schoenberger
Paula R. Manning………………………………………………………………………………....Paula Manning
PCD, LLC…………………………………………………………………………………….…………Paul Young
Phenix Technologies……………………………………………………………………….………….Mark Miller
Pike Electric………………………………………………………………………………………….Cliff Edwards
Power Equipment Leasing Company, Inc………………………………………………….…Tracy Schroeder
Progress Energy, Carolina……………………………………………………………………..….David Benson
Progress Energy, Florida………………………………………………………………………...Daniel Mueller
Reynolds Engineering Servicing Inc………………………………………………………….Stephen Reynolds
Safway Services ……………………………………………………………………………………….. Ted Beville
Sexton's Equipment Rental, Inc…………………………………………………………………….David Sexton
Skyjack, Inc……………………………………………………………………………………..…….Brad Boehler
Snorkel International, Inc ………………………………………………………………………… Jeff Eckhardt
Southern California Edison………………………………………………………………………….Randy Stone
Southern Company – Alabama Power Company………………………………………….. J. Douglas Bailey
Sunbelt Rentals………………………………………………………………………..………….. Jeff Stachowiak
Sunstate Equipment Co..........…………………………….……………………………………....Lance Sullivan
Terex Telelect…………………………………………………………………………………….……… Jim Olson
The VON Corporation……………………………………………………………………….Fred von Herrmann
Time Manufacturing Company……………………………………………………….…………James Christian
TRICO Lift ………….........................…………………………………………………………….Steven Phillips
United Rentals………………………………………………………………………………………… Heidi Rawe
Utility Truck Equipment & Parts, LLC……………………………………………………….……John Mlaker
Vollmer-Gray Engineering…………………………………………………………………………Paul Guthron
Waco Boom Company, Ltd.………………………………………………………………….. ..Jonathan Woods
Xtreme Manufacturing…………………………………………………………………… Richard Hoffelmeyer
Subcommittee A92.7 on Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift Devices, which
developed this standard, had the following members:
Bob Backer, Chairman…………………………………………………………….Blazing Technologies
Donald Blasdell………………………………………………...………………… Blazing Technologies
Andy Davis…………………………………………………………………………….. LSG Sky Chefs
Bill Fulton……………………………………………………………………... Lift-A-Loft Corporation
Christopher Barefoot…………………………………………………………... Lift-A-Loft Corporation
Frederick Heath………………………………………………………………….... Heath and Associates
Jim Heinzel……………………………………………………………………………….. Delta Airlines
Daniel Pohly…………………………………………………………………..… US Technics Company
Shahid Qureshi………………………………………………………………………..... Haulotte Bil-Jax
Don Redwine…………………………………………………………..……………. Southwest Airlines
Jerry Tanner……………………………………………………………..… Diversified Inspections/ ITL
Gary Werkhoven…………………………………………...…… Arrowhead Product Development, Inc
Keith Whitaker……………………………………………………..…. Smith Transportation Equipment
8
Contents
Section Page#
1 Scope, Purpose and Application 13
1.1 Scope 13
1.1.1 Equipment Covered 13
1.1.2 Effective Date 13
1.1.3 Equipment Not Covered 13
1.2 Purpose 14
1.3 Requirements 14
2 Referenced and related American National Standards and SIA publications 14
2.1 Referenced American National Standards 14
2.2 Other Referenced Standards 14
2.3 Related American National Standards 15
2.4 Referenced Scaffold & Access Industry Association publications 15
2.5 Related Scaffold Industry Association publications 15
3 Definitions 15
4 Responsibilities of Manufacturers 18
4.1 Basic principles 18
4.2 Design and Construction Requirements 18
4.2.1 General 18
4.2.2 Chassis 18
4.2.3 Construction Materials 18
4.3 Load Ratings 18
4.3.1 Rated work load 18
4.3.2 Multiple ratings 19
4.4 Quality control 19
4.5 Proof test 19
4.6 Welding Standards 19
4.7 Structural Strength Factors 19
4.7.1 Ductile elements 19
4.7.2 Non-ductile elements 19
4.7.3 Structural strength factor formulas 19
4.8 Controls 20
4.8.1 Upper controls 20
4.8.2 Lower controls 20
4.8.3 Emergency stop device 20
4.8.4 Emergency lowering 20
4.8.5 Outrigger controls 20
4.9 Stability Testing 20
4.9.1 Vertical load test 20
4.9.2 Static load test on slop 21
4.9.3 Wind loading 21
4.9.4 Wind stability verification 21
4.10 Test requirements for driving 21
4.10.1 General 21
4.10.2 Test Fixture 21
4.11 Interlock requirements 21
9
4.11.1 Driving 22
4.11.2 Stabilizing devices 22
4.12 Bursting Safety Factors 22
4.13 Hydraulic Cylinders 22
4.13.1 Safety factors 22
4.13.2 Column load 22
4.13.3 External load 22
4.13.4 Threaded components 22
4.13.5 Hydraulic Pressure Rise 22
4.14 Unintended platform motion 22
4.14.1 Hydraulic/pneumatic system 22
4.14.2 Wire rope/chain system 22
4.15 Unintended retraction of outriggers and stabilizers 23
4.16 Personal Protection and Warning 23
4.16.1 Personal protection 23
4.16.2 Warning for platform lowering 23
4.17 Platforms 23
4.17.1 Width and surface 23
4.17.2 Guardrail system 23
4.17.3 Flexible materials 23
4.17.4 Structural integrity 23
4.17.5 Toeboards 23
4.17.6 Access 23
4.18 Anchorage(s) for personal fall protection 24
4.19 Instructions and markings 24
4.19.1 Manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s) information 24
4.19.2 Platform workloads 25
4.19.3 Manufacturer safety bulletins 25
4.20 Manuals 25
4.20.1 Operator’s manual 25
4.20.2 Repair and parts manual 25
4.21 Weather-resistant storage 25
4.22 Electrical system 25
4.23 Training and training materials 25
4.24 Manufacturer as dealer 25
4.25 Remanufacture 25
4.26 Provision for Passengers 25
5 Responsibilities of Dealers and Installers 26
5.1 Basic Principle 26
5.2 Manuals 26
5.2.1 Machine manual(s) 26
5.2.2 Manual of Responsibilities 26
5.3 Pre-delivery preparation 26
5.4 Maintenance, inspection and repair 26
5.4.1 Maintenance 26
5.4.2 Inspection 26
5.4.3 Repairs 26
5.5 Maintenance safety precautions 26
5.6 Replacement parts 26
10
5.7 Training 26
5.8 Familiarization on delivery 27
5.9 Dealer or installer as user 27
5.10 Assistance to owners and user 27
5.11 Record retention and dissemination 27
5.11.1 Record retention 27
5.11.2 Proof of training 27
5.11.3 Record dissemination 27
5.12 Modifications 27
5.13 Manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s) safety bulletins 28
5.14 Responsibilities upon sale 28
5.15 Vehicle specifications 28
5.16 Vehicle weight distribution 28
5.17 Installations 28
5.18 Provision for passengers 28
6 Responsibilities of Owners 28
6.1 Basic Principles 28
6.2 Responsibilities upon purchase 28
6.3 Manuals 29
6.3.1 Machine Manual(s) 29
6.3.2 Manual of Responsibilities 29
6.4 Maintenance, Inspection and Repair 29
6.4.1 Maintenance 29
6.4.2 Inspection 29
6.4.3 Repairs 29
6.5 Pre-delivery preparation 29
6.6 Frequent inspection 29
6.7 Annual inspection 30
6.8 Maintenance and repair safety precautions 30
6.9 Replacement parts 30
6.10 Maintenance and repair training 30
6.11 Training 30
6.11.1 Operator training 30
6.11.2 Assistance to user 30
6.12 Familiarization upon delivery 30
6.13 Operation 31
6.14 Assistance to others 31
6.15 Record Retention and Dissemination 31
6.15.1 Record Retention 31
6.15.2 Proof of training 31
6.15.3 Record dissemination 31
6.16 Modifications 31
6.17 Manufacturer’s safety bulletins 31
6.18 Responsibilities upon sale 31
6.19 Provision for Passengers 32
7 Responsibilities of Users 32
7.1 Basic Principles 32
7.2 Manuals 32
7.2.1 Machine Manual(s) 32
11
7.2.2 Manual of Responsibilities 32
7.3 Inspection and maintenance 32
7.3.1 Frequent inspection 32
7.3.2 Annual inspection 32
7.3.3 Prestart inspection 32
7.3.4 Maintenance safety precautions 33
7.4 Replacement parts 33
7.5 Maintenance and repair training 33
7.6 Operator training and retraining 33
7.6.1 Trainee records 33
7.7 Familiarization before use 33
7.8 Workplace inspections 33
7.9 Determination of hazardous locations 34
7.10 Operator warnings and instructions 34
7.11 User as operator 36
7.12 Shutdown of aerial platform 36
7.13 Record Retention and Dissemination 36
7.13.1 Record retention 36
7.13.2 Record dissemination 37
7.13.3 Proof of training 37
7.14 Modifications 37
7.15 Manufacturer’s safety bulletins 37
7.16 Provision for passengers 37
8 Responsibilities of Operators 37
8.1 Basic principles 37
8.2 Manuals 37
8.2.1 Machine manuals 37
8.2.2 Manual of Responsibilities 37
8.3 Prestart inspection 37
8.4 Problems or malfunctions 38
8.5 Training, Retraining, and Familiarization 38
8.5.1 General training 38
8.5.2 Retraining 38
8.5.3 Familiarization 38
8.6 Before operation 38
8.7 Workplace inspection 38
8.8 Prior to each elevation 39
8.9 Understanding of hazardous locations 39
8.10 Operator warnings and instructions 39
8.11 Record of training 41
8.12 Provision of passengers 41
9 Responsibilities of Lessors 41
9.1 Basic principles 41
9.2 Lessor as a dealer 41
9.3 Lessor as an owner 41
9.4 Lessor as a user 42
9.5 Lessor as an operator 42
9.6 Provision for passengers 42
10 Responsibilities of Lessee 42
12
10.1 Basic principles 42
10.2 Lessee as a dealer 42
10.3 Lessee as an owner 42
10.4 Lessee as a user 42
10.5 Lessee as an operator 42
10.6 Provision for passengers 42
11 Responsibilities of Broker 42
11.1 Responsibilities upon sale 42
11.2 Responsibilities with re-rents, leases, or any other form of beneficial use 42
11.3 Provision for passengers 42
13
American National Standard
for Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift Devices
1. Scope, Purpose and Application
1.1 Scope. This standard applies only to airline
ground support vehicle mounted vertical lift devices
specifically designed for servicing aircraft while
outdoors on a paved airport ramp surface. The
chassis may be either a commercial type vehicle or
one custom designed to accommodate the vertical
lift structures. This standard does not apply to those
portions of the airline ground support vehicle
intended to facilitate or accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard.
1.1.1 Equipment covered. Typical examples are
shown in Figures 1 and 2.
(1) Catering Trucks
(2) Ambulatory Lifts*
(3) Cabin Service
(4) Lavatory Service / Potable Water Truck
(5) Refuelers
(6) Maintenance Lifts
(7) Disabled Passenger Lifts*
(8) Mobile Passenger Lounges*
(9) Cargo Loaders
(10) Staircase Vehicles*
* Excluding requirements specifically applicable to
passengers as they are defined in this standard.
1.1.2 Effective date. The Standard will become
effective _______as follows:
(1) Design, manufacture and remanufacture
requirements. The design and
manufacturing requirements of this
Standard shall apply to all airline ground
support vehicles produced on and after the
effective date. Airline ground support
vehicles manufactured on and after the
effective date of this standard shall comply
with the requirements of this standard.
(2) Rebuild/recondition requirements.
Rebuilt/reconditioned airline ground
support vehicles shall comply with the
standard in effect as of the date of their
original manufacture.
(3) Responsibilities for dealers, owners, users,
operators, lessors, lessees and brokers. All
provisions detailed for dealers, owners,
users, operators, lessors, lessees and
brokers apply to both new and existing
units delivered by sale, lease, rental or any
form of beneficial use on or after the
effective date
1.1.3 Equipment not covered. This standard does
not apply to the equipment listed below. When these
referenced standards are superseded by a revision,
the revision shall apply.
(1) Ladder and ladder stands such as those
covered in American National Standards
for Ladder and ladder Stands, ANSI A14
Series
(2) Scaffolding such as those covered in
American National Standard for
Construction and Demolition Operations –
Scaffolding-Safety Requirements, ANSI
A10.8
(3) Vehicle-mounted elevating and rotating
aerial platforms such as those covered in
American National Standard for Vehicle-
Mounted Elevating and Rotating Aerial
Devices, ANSI/SIA A92.2
(4) Non-self-propelled aerial platforms
wherein the platform is supported by an
elevating means that both elevates and
rotates relative to the machine base such as
those covered in American National
Standard Manually Propelled Elevating
Work Platforms, ANSI/SIA A92.3
(5) Self-propelled, drivable work platforms
wherein the platform is supported by an
elevating means that both elevates and
rotates relative to the machine base such as
those covered in American National
Standard Boom-Supported Elevating Work
Platforms, ANSI/SIA A92.5
(6) Self-propelled vertically adjustable work
platforms that are used to position
personnel and their tools and necessary
materials at overhead work locations such
14
as those covered in American National
Standard Self-Propelled Elevating Work
Platforms, ANSI/SIA A92.6
(7) Vehicle-Mounted Bridge Inspection and
Maintenance Devices, ANSI/SIA A92.8
(8) Mast Climbing Work Platforms, ANSI/SIA
A92.9
(9) Transport Platforms, ANSI/SIA A92.10
(10) Suspended powered platforms for exterior
building maintenance, ANSI A120.1
(11) Vertically adjustable equipment used
primarily to raise and lower materials and
equipment from one elevation to another
such as American National Standards in the
A17, B30 and B56 series
(12) Fire-fighting equipment such as that
covered in American National Standard for
Automotive Fire Apparatus, ANSI/NFPA
1901
(13) Construction and demolition
operation/digger derricks such as those
covered in American National Standard for
Construction and Demolition – Safety
Requirements, Definitions and
Specifications, ANSI A10.31
(14) Aircraft deicing vehicles such as those
covered by SAE ARP 1971C.
1.2 Purpose. This standard is intended to serve as
a guide for manufacturers, dealers, users, designers,
owners, operators, lessors, lessees, and brokers of
vertical lift devices for airline support to achieve the
following objectives:
(1) Prevention of accidents and personal
injuries
(2) Establishment of criteria for design,
manufacture, remanufacture,
rebuild/recondition, testing, performance,
inspection, training, maintenance, and
operation
(3) Establishment and understanding by
designers, manufacturers, dealers, owners,
users, operators, lessors, lessees and
brokers of their respective responsibilities
1.3 Requirements. The requirements of this
standard shall be met or exceeded.
2. Referenced and related American National
Standards and Scaffold Industry Association
publications.
2.1 Referenced American National Standards. This standard is intended to be used in conjunction
with the following American National Standards.
When these referenced standards are superseded by a
revision approved by the American National
Standards Institute, the revision shall apply:
ANSI Z535.1, Safety Color Code
ANSI Z535.3, Criteria for Safety Symbols
ANSI Z535.4, Product Safety Signs and Labels
ANSI/AWS D 1.1M, Structural Welding Code Steel
ANSI/AWS D1.2M, Structural Welding Code
Aluminum
ANSI/NFPA 58, Storage and Handling of Liquefied
Petroleum Gases
ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code
ANSI/NFPA 505, Powered Industrial Trucks,
Including Type Designations Areas of Use,
Maintenance, and Operation
ANSI/UL 201 Standard for Garage Equipment
ANSI/UL 50 Enclosures for Electrical Equipment
2.2 Other referenced standards. This Standard is
also intended to be used in conjunction with the
following standards. When these referenced
standards are superseded by a revision, the revision
shall apply:
(1) Part 29 Code of Federal Regulations
standard number1910.333 Selection and
Use of Work Practices
(2) Part 29 Code of Federal Regulations
standard number1910 Subpart D, Walking
and Working Surfaces
(3) SAE AS4828 for Technical Manual
Development for Ground Support.
Equipment
(4) SAE ARP1247 for General Requirements
for Aerospace Ground Support Equipment
Motorized and Non-Motorized
(5) SAE ARP 1328 for Aircraft Ground
Support Equipment – Wind Stability
Determination
(6) SAE ARP 1971 Aircraft Deicing Vehicle –
Self-Propelled, Large and Small Capacity
15
2.3 Related American National Standards. The
standards listed here are for information only and are
not essential for the completion of the requirements
of this standard.
ANSI/SIA A92.2, Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and
Rotating Aerial Devices
ANSI/SIA A92.3, Manually Propelled Elevating
Aerial Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.5, Boom-Supported Elevating Work
Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.6 Self Propelled Elevating Work
Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.8, Vehicle-Mounted Bridge
Inspection and Maintenance Devices.
ANSI/SIA A92.9, Mast Climbing Work Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.10, Transport Platforms
ANSI A10.4, Personnel Hoists
ANSI A10.8, Construction and Demolition
Operations Scaffolding Safety Requirements
ANSI A10.31, Construction and Demolition Digger
Derricks Safety Requirements, Definitions, and
Specifications
ANSI A120.1, Suspended Powered Platforms for
Exterior Building Maintenance
ANSI/NFPA 1901, Automotive Fire Apparatus
2.4. Referenced Scaffold & Access Industry
Association publication(s). This standard is
intended to be used in conjunction with the
following SAIA publication:
SAIA A92.7 Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers,
Owners, Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees, and
Brokers of Airline Ground Support Vehicle-
Mounted Vertical Lift Devices.
2.5. Related Scaffold Industry Association
publication(s). The publications listed here are for
information only and are not essential for the
completion of the requirements of this standard.
SIA A92.2 Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers,
Owners, Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees and
Brokers of Vehicle Mounted Elevating and Rotating
Aerial Devices
SIA A92.3 Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers,
Owners, Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees and
Brokers of Manually Self-Propelled Elevating Work
Platforms
SIA A92.5 Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers,
Owners, Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees and
Brokers of Boom-Supported Elevating Work
Platforms
SIA A92.6 Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers,
Owners, Lessors, and Lessees of Self Propelled
Elevating Work Platforms
SIA A92.9 Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers,
Owners, Lessors, and Lessees of Mast Climbing
Work Platforms
3. Definitions
Aerial platform. A mobile device that has an
adjustable position platform, supported from ground
level by a structure.
Anchorage(s). A secure point of attachment to be
used with personal fall protection equipment
(PFPE).
Authorized personnel (authorized person).
Personnel approved or assigned to perform a specific
type of duty or duties at a specific location or
locations at a work site.
Base. The relevant contact points of the aerial
platform that form the stability fulcrum (e.g. wheels,
casters, outriggers, stabilizers).
Broker. An independent business entity or person
that arranges a lease or transfer of ownership of an
aerial platform, but does not own the aerial platform.
If the entity or person is an employee of the buyer,
seller, lessor or lessee of the aerial platform, he shall
not be considered a broker.
Chassis. The integral part of the aerial platform that
provides mobility and support for the elevating
assembly.
Configuration. All positions in which an aerial
platform or any part thereof can be placed within its
intended operating limits.
Critical component(s). Load supporting elements
which support or stabilize the platform or elevated
assembly.
16
Dealer. A person or entity who buys from a
manufacturer or distributor and who generally sells,
rents, and services aerial platforms.
Delivery. Transfer of care, control, and custody of
the aerial platform from one person or entity to
another person or entity.
Directional controls. Controls that initiate
functions that affect movement of the platform or the
aerial platform.
Ductile materials. Materials having a minimum
elongation of 10% in 2 inches (50.8 mm).
Elevating assembly. The mechanisms used to
position the platform relative to the aerial platform
chassis.
Familiarization. Providing information regarding
all control functions, operating characteristics,
safety devices, placards and warnings for the aerial
platform(s) to a qualified person or operator who
controls the movement of the aerial platform(s)
being delivered.
Guardrail system. A vertical barrier primarily
intended to protect against personnel falling to lower
levels.
Hazardous location. Any location that contains, or
has the potential to contain, an explosive or
flammable atmosphere as defined in ANSI/NFPA
505.
Instability. A condition of an aerial platform in
which the sum of the moments that tend to overturn
the unit exceeds the sum of the moments tending to
resist overturning.
Insulated platform. A platform designed and tested
to meet the specific electrical insulation ratings
consistent with the manufacturer's identification
plate.
Interlock. A control or mechanism that, under
specified conditions, automatically allows or
prevents the operation of another control or
mechanism.
Installer. A person or entity who mounts an aerial
device on a platform.
Jet Blast. The equivalent of a wind gust and jet blast
load requirements produced by the jet engines of an
aircraft.
Lessee. A person(s) or entity to which an aerial
platform is provided by lease, rental, loan, or other
arrangement. A lessee may also be a dealer, owner,
user or operator.
Lessor. A person(s) or entity who leases, rents,
loans, or otherwise provides an aerial platform to
another party for the beneficial use of that party (the
user). A lessor may also be a dealer, owner, lessee,
user, or operator
Maintenance. The act of upkeep such as inspection,
lubrication, refueling, cleaning, adjustment and
scheduled part(s) replacement.
Manual of Responsibilities. A document
containing the definitions (Section 3) and the
requirements mandated in this standard for the
following entities: Dealers (Section 5); Owners
(Section 6); Users (Section 7); Operators (Section
8); Lessors (Section 9); Lessees (Section 10); and
Brokers (Section 11).
Manufacturer. A person or entity that makes,
builds, or produces an aerial platform.
Maximum travel height. The maximum platform
height or the most adverse configuration(s) with
respect to stability in which travel is permitted by
the manufacturer.
Modification, modified. To make a change(s) to an
aerial platform that affects the operation, stability,
safety factors, rated load or safety of the aerial
platform in any way.
Most adverse stability condition(s). The permitted
configuration of the aerial platform most likely to
cause instability while maintaining stability. Factors
to be considered shall include:
(1) With zero load to maximum test load
17
(2) Up to and including maximum platform
height
(3) All positions and configurations of the
platform(s)
(4) All wheel and axle positions
(5) Forward and backward configurations of
the elevating assembly
(6) All other moveable features which affect
the stability of the aerial platform
Multiple rating(s), multiple rated loads. Two or
more different rated work loads based on alternative
configurations of the aerial platform.
Non-ductile materials. Materials having an
elongation of less than 10% in 2 inches (50.8 mm).
Operation. Performance of functions of an aerial
platform within the scope of its specifications and in
accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, the
user’s work rules, and applicable governmental
regulations.
Operator. A qualified person who controls the
movement of the aerial platform.
Outriggers. Devices that increase the stability of
the aerial platform and that are capable of lifting and
leveling the aerial platform.
Override. To take over aerial platform movement
control functions at the upper control station by
those at the lower control station.
Owner. A person or entity that has possession of an
aerial platform by virtue of proof of purchase.
Passenger: Person that enters, exits, or occupies a
ground support vehicle solely for the purpose of
conveyance, being transported or moved and having
no association with the operation of the ground
support vehicle.
Platform. The portion of an aerial platform
intended to be occupied by personnel with their
necessary tools and materials.
Platform height. The vertical distance measured
from the floor of the platform to the surface upon
which the machine is being supported.
Powered functions. Those which control motion of
the platform or the aerial platform and are caused by
electro-mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic forces.
Qualified person. One who, by possession of a
recognized degree, certificate, or professional
standing, or by extensive knowledge, training, and
experience, has successfully demonstrated his/her
ability to solve or resolve problems related to the
subject matter, the work, or the project.
Rated horizontal force. The maximum permissible
horizontal force at the top rail which can be applied
to the aerial platform as specified by the
manufacturer.
Rated work load. The designed carrying capacity
of the aerial platform as specified by the
manufacturer.
Rebuild/recondition. The act of disassembly,
repair or adjustment of an aerial platform or
component, utilizing replacement parts and
components, in accomplishing work beyond the
scope of maintenance (as described and used in the
standard) in order to restore, to the extent possible,
the aerial platform or component to the original
manufactured specifications.
Remanufacture. The modification of an aerial
platform, either by the original manufacturer or
another qualified entity, so that the aerial platform
will comply with the ANSI Standard in effect on the
date the modification is completed.
Repair. The act of restoring to good condition that
which has been broken, damaged or worn due to use,
abuse or other reasons.
Shall. The word “shall” is to be understood as being
mandatory.
Should. The word “should” indicates that the rule is
a recommendation, the advisability of which
depends on the facts in each situation.
18
Stability/Stable. A condition of an aerial platform
in which the sum of the moments that tend to
overturn the unit is less than or equal to the sum of
the moments tending to resist overturning.
Stabilizers. Devices that increase the stability of the
aerial platform but are not capable of lifting or
leveling the aerial platform.
Training. Instruction to enable the trainee to
become a qualified person regarding the task to be
performed, including knowledge regarding potential
hazards.
Unintended motion. Motion of the aerial platform
or platform without activation of any control.
Vertical lift device. Any device where the platform
or elevating assembly cannot be positioned
completely beyond the base.
Unrestricted rated work load. The maximum
designed carrying capacity of the aerial platform
allowed by the manufacturer in all operating
configurations.
User. Person(s) or entity that has care, control and
custody of the aerial platform. This person or entity
may also be the employer of the operator, a dealer,
owner, lessor, lessee, or operator.
Wind. Movement of air which causes a force to be
imposed on surfaces on aircraft ground support
equipment.
Wind gust. A temporary wind force that exceeds the
steady-state wind gust and jet blast load
requirements force.
4. Responsibilities of Manufacturers.
4.1 Basic principles. Sound engineering
principles consistent with all data available
regarding the parameters of intended use and
expected environment shall be applied in the design,
testing, and manufacture of aerial platforms, with
due consideration for the knowledge that the unit
will be carrying personnel.
4.2 Design and Construction Requirements
4.2.1 General. The design shall be such as to
produce a platform that will safely elevate, sustain,
and lower the rated load. The structure and elevating
assembly of the unit shall be of sufficient strength to
meet the test requirements of this standard (see
Section 4.7).
4.2.2 Chassis
(1) Chassis design shall comply with SAE
ARP 1247
(2) A chassis with a suitable gross vehicle
weight (GVW) shall be provided. The
aerial device manufacturer shall provide to
the installer the minimum values, as
applicable, for the following characteristics
of vehicles required to provide a stable and
structurally sound vehicle for the aerial
platform:
(a) The front gross axle weight rating
(GAWR front)
(b) The rear gross axle weight rating
(GAWR rear)
(c) The gross vehicle weight rating
(GVWR)
(d) The frame section modulus
(e) The yield strength of the vehicle
frame
(f) The frame resisting bending moment
(RBM)
(g) The wheelbase dimension (WB)
(h) The rear of cab to rear axle centerline
dimension (CA)
(i) The minimum axle weights of the
mobile unit to achieve stability
4.2.3 Construction materials. The materials used
in the units shall be of sufficient strength to meet the
test requirements of this standard (see Section 4.9).
4.3 Load Ratings
4.3.1 Rated work load. The rated work load of an
aerial platform shall not be less than 300 pounds
(136 kg). Either single or multiple ratings may be
used.
19
4.3.2 Multiple ratings. Where multiple ratings
are used, the following conditions shall be complied
with:
(1) When the rated work load is different for
alternative configurations of the aerial
platform, the manufacturer
(remanufacturer) shall clearly describe
these configurations, the rated work load of
each, in the manual and on the platform.
Examples of alternate configurations are,
but shall not be limited to, the following:
(a) Outriggers or stabilizers extended
to firm footing versus not extended
(b) Platform and extension(s) extended
versus retracted
(c) Platform attachment(s) attached
versus unattached
(d) Elevating assembly elevated versus
lowered
(e) Axles extended versus retracted
(2) When the rated work load of the alternate
configuration depends on the location of
the platform in relation to the base, the
manufacturer (remanufacturer) shall
display the appropriate rated work load of
that configuration to the operator at the
control station(s).
(3) The unrestricted rated work load, the rated
number of occupants, and the rated
horizontal force shall be displayed at each
access to the platform and operator control
station.
4.4 Quality control. The manufacturer shall
establish and follow a written quality control
procedure to ensure compliance with Section 4 of
this standard.
4.5 Proof test. Each aerial platform shall sustain a
uniformly distributed proof load equal to 1.50 times
the rated work load throughout the range of travel
while supported on a level surface. A visual
inspection shall be made to determine whether this
test has produced an adverse effect on any
component. If multiple ratings are applicable,
testing shall be conducted on each configuration.
4.6 Welding standards. All welding, including
pressure applications, shall conform to ANSI/AWS
D1.1M. Structural Welding Code, Steel, or
ANSI/AWS D1.2M, Structural Welding Code,
Aluminum, or equivalent welding codes. It is
emphasized that these codes require qualification of
the welding process to be employed and the
certification of the personnel performing the welding
under each welding process.
4.7 Structural Strength Factors.
4.7.1 Ductile elements. All load supporting
elements of the aerial platform shall have a structural
strength factor of not less than 2 to 1 based on:
(1) The minimum yield strength of the
materials used
(2) The column strength of the structure
4.7.2 Non-ductile elements. Elements of the
aerial platform that are made of non-ductile
materials shall have a structural strength factor of
not less than 5 to 1 based on the minimum ultimate
strength of the materials used.
4.7.3 Structural strength factor formulas. The
design stress or column load used in determining the
structural strength factor shall be the maximum
stresses or column load developed within the
element with the machine operating at its rated work
load, used in the type of service for which it was
designed, and operated in accordance with the
manufacturers operating instructions.
The design stress shall include the effects of stress
concentration and dynamic loading as shown in the
following formula:
Structural Strength Factor = ______a_____
(a1 + a
2) f
1 f
2
Where:
a = minimum yield strength
a1 = stress due to the weight of the structure
a2 = stress due to the rated work load
f1 = stress concentration factor
f2 = dynamic loading factor
20
The column load shall include the effects of dynamic
loading as shown in the following formula:
Structural Strength Factor = _____b_____
(b1 + b2) f2
Where:
b = column critical buckling load
b1 = column load due to the weight of the
structure
b2 = column load due to the rated work load
f2 = the dynamic loading factor
The value of f1 and f
2 may be determined by
experimental stress analysis on a prototype unit.
Otherwise, the values of f1 and f
2 shall be not
less than 1.10 and 1.25, respectively. If an aerial
platform is designed to be driven with the
platform elevated, the value of f2 shall be
increased to account for the dynamic loads.
4.8 Controls.
4.8.1 Upper controls. Upper controls shall be
provided at the platform, and shall:
(1) Be readily accessible to the operator.
(2) Be oriented and/or move in the
approximate direction of the function
which they control with the control box in
its normal position for operation. Control
boxes not permanently attached shall have
their normal location and orientation
clearly marked.
(3) Include a separate control which shall
be continuously activated by the
operator for upper directional controls
to be operational, which can be
released by the operator independently
from the directional controls, and
which renders the upper controls
inoperative when released.
(4) Be of the type that automatically returns to
the "off” or "neutral" position when
released, if used to control any movement
of the aerial platform.
(5) Be protected against activation other than
that initiated by the operator.
(6) Be clearly marked.
4.8.2 Lower controls. Lower controls shall be
readily accessible from ground level and shall:
(1) Override upper controls for powered
functions.
(2) Be provided for all powered functions
except drive and steering.
(3) Be of the type that automatically returns to
the “off” or “neutral” position when
released if used to control any movement
of the aerial platform.
(4) Be protected against activation other than
that initiated by the operator.
(5) Be clearly marked.
4.8.3 Emergency stop device. The aerial platform
shall be equipped with readily identifiable
emergency stop devices, located at the upper control
and lower control stations, which will deactivate all
powered functions that affect the movement of the
platform or aerial platform.
4.8.4 Emergency lowering. Any aerial platform
equipped with a powered elevating assembly shall be
supplied with clearly marked emergency lowering
means readily accessible from ground level.
4.8.5 Outrigger controls. When the aerial
platform is equipped with outrigger controls, these
controls shall be guarded to protect against
unintentional operation, and shall return to neutral
when released by the operator.
The controls shall be located so that the operator can
see the outrigger when operated.
4.9 Stability testing. A sample of each model
and its alternate configurations shall be tested in
accordance with the following.
4.9.1 Vertical load test. Each sample unit shall be
capable of maintaining stability while sustaining a
static load equal to one and one-half times its rated
load evenly distributed in the least stable position in
which the platform can be placed. If having the
outriggers, stabilizers in contact with the supporting
surface is part of the normal configuration to meet
the stability requirements, they shall be extended. A
visual inspection shall be made to determine whether
21
this test has produced an adverse effect on any
component.
4.9.2 Static load test on slope. The aerial platform
shall be tested on a slope 5 degrees greater than the
slope for which it is rated by the manufacturer. The
test shall be conducted:
(1) While sustaining static vertical load equal
to 1.33 times the rated work load of the
platform shall be evenly distributed on the
platform floor surface with the platform
located in the most adverse stability
condition.
(2) When intended configurations include
multiple platform floor zones with
individual rated workloads, each platform
floor zone shall be loaded, based on its
rating and the above requirements.
4.9.3 Wind loading. The aerial platform shall
meet the following wind gust and jet blast load
requirements:
(1) Deflections shall be limited so as to allow
structurally safe operation with a side force
of 19.4 lb./ft2 (928.9 Pa) (winds of 80 mph
[128.7 kph]).
(2) The aerial platform shall withstand a side
unit force of 24.4 lb/ft2 (1168.3 Pa) (winds
of 90 mph [144.8 kph]) without tipping
over.
Unit force values are based on the following
equation:
Fw = Cd (0.00252 V2)
Where:
Cd = drag coefficient, assumed to be 1.20
0.00252 V2 = stagnation pressure of
dry air at 68 degrees F (20 degrees C)
and standard atmospheric pressure
with velocity of V mph.
Fw = unit force in lb/ft2
4.9.4 Wind stability verification. The
manufacturer shall retain calculations or test data, or
both, that pertain to the stability of the unit. All
stability calculations and tests shall be in accordance
with SAE ARP 1328 and determined for both a
minimum and a maximum operational weight on a
level paved surface and at:
(1) Maximum extension (elevated)
(2) Minimum extension (elevated)
(3) Maximum point at which platform can be
used without stabilizing devices
4.10 Test Requirements for Driving
4.10.1 General. Any aerial platform that is
designed to be driven while elevated shall be tested
for stability, and must conform to the following
stability criteria (referenced in SAE ARP1971
section 3.4.6). The aerial platform shall be loaded to
its most adverse stability condition(s) and then each
wheel driven over a test fixture (see description of
test fixture below) at the maximum designed driving
speed while in the elevated position both in the
forward and reverse directions.
The aerial platform shall also be subjected to a
stopping test while elevated. The aerial platform
shall be loaded to its most adverse stability
condition(s) and driven at the maximum designed
driving speed in the elevated position and suddenly
stopped (emergency/panic stop). This test shall be
performed while driving in forward and reverse
directions.
A visual inspection shall be made to determine
whether these tests have produced an adverse effect
on any component.
4.10.2 Test fixture. The test fixture is described as
a device used to simulate obstacles that may be
encountered on an airport ramp (e.g. wheel chocks,
storm drains, fuel pit lids, snow and ice ruts, etc.).
The test fixture shall be made out of wood
measuring 10.2 cm (4 in) high x 15.2 cm (6 in) wide
x 60.96 cm (24 in) long. The top two edges shall be
beveled at 45º angles along the length of the member
leaving a top flat surface measuring 5.1 cm (2 in) in
width. The test fixture shall be secured in such a
manner that prevents sliding or overturning as the
aerial platform is driven over it during dynamic load
testing.
4.11 Interlock Requirements.
22
4.11.1 Driving. Any aerial platform that is not
designed to be moved while in the elevated position
shall be equipped with a system that prevents
inadvertent movement of the vehicle by any means.
Any aerial platform that is designed to be moved
while in the elevated or partially elevated position
shall have clear and concise operating instructions at
the appropriate operator’s station(s) governing the
operation of the unit while in this position. If the
maximum designed speed while elevated is less than
the maximum designed speed while not elevated,
then an interlock shall be provided that limits the
speed while elevated.
4.11.2 Stabilizing devices. For aerial platforms
requiring the use of outriggers, extendible axles or
other devices to meet the stability requirements of
this standard, interlocks shall be provided to prevent
elevating or extending the platform unless all
stabilizing devices are properly deployed. Interlocks
shall also be provided to prevent the retraction of
outriggers, extendible axles or other stabilizing
devices while the platform is elevated or extended.
Where pneumatic tires are used, the design shall take
into account at least one flat tire in the most
unfavorable position at the tipping edge,
4.12 Bursting safety factors. All hydraulic
components whose failure could result in motion of
the platform(s) or material lifting device or both
shall have a minimum bursting strength of at least
four times the maximum operating pressure for
which the system is designed.
All other hydraulic components normally rated
according to bursting strength, such as hose, tubing
and fittings shall have a minimum bursting strength
of at least three times the maximum operating
pressure for which the system is designed.
All other hydraulic components normally rated
according to performance criteria, such as rated flow
and pressure, life cycles, pressure drop, rpm, torque
and speed, shall have a minimum bursting strength
of at least two times the maximum operating
pressure for which the system is designed. Such
components generally include pumps, motors,
directional controls, and similar functional
components.
4.13 Hydraulic Cylinders
4.13.1 Safety factors. Cylinder components
subjected to hydraulic pressure shall comply with
the requirements of Section 4.12. All other
components of the cylinder shall comply with
Section 4.7.
4.13.2 Column load. The maximum load on any
cylinder at the rated load capacity of the aerial
device in any position shall not exceed one half of
the load which would cause permanent deformation.
4.13.3 External load. Stresses calculated for load
carrying components shall include the additive
effects of both external and internal forces, such as
those resulting from hydraulic pressure.
4.13.4 Threaded components. All threaded
members used to secure critical components such as
hydraulic pistons, barrel bases, head glands, and rod
eyes, shall be secured against rotation by means of a
suitable locking device.
4.13.5 Hydraulic pressure rise. A means shall be
provided to limit pressure rise due to factors such as
thermal expansion of hydraulic fluid and leakage
that could result in stresses that exceed the yield
strength of the material.
4.14 Unintended Platform Motion
4.14.1 Hydraulic/pneumatic system. Where
positioning of the platform is accomplished by
hydraulic or pneumatic means, the system shall be
so equipped as to prevent motion unintended in the
event of a hydraulic or pneumatic line failure. This
requirement does not apply to protected metallic
tubing on fittings installed between a cylinder and
the holding device.
4.14.2 Wire rope/chain system. Where positioning
of the platform is accomplished by wire rope or
chain, the system shall prevent motion unintended in
the event of failure of a single wire rope or chain.
Where the platform is supporting its rated work load
by a system of wire ropes or chains, or both, the
strength factor of the wire rope or chain system shall
not be less than 8 to 1 based on ultimate strength.
23
4.15 Unintended retraction of outriggers and
stabilizers. Hydraulically and pneumatically
actuated outriggers or stabilizers, shall be so
constructed as to prevent their retraction in the event
of failure of a hydraulic or pneumatic line.
4.16 Personal Protection and Warning
4.16.1 Personal protection. Personnel on the
platform shall be protected against the hazards of
moving parts of the aerial platform.
4.16.2 Warning for platform lowering. While the
platform is being lowered, utilizing the upper
controls, an audible warning device shall be
activated at ground level.
4.17 Platforms
4.17.1 Width and surface. Platform width shall
not be less than 18 inches (0.46 m), unless justifiable
due to unique application. The platform floor shall
have a slip resistant surface. Platforms, stairs,
ladders and protective devices such as railings and
toe boards that comprise lifting platforms shall
conform to Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, US Code of Federal Regulations,
Components of the platform that swing or pivot shall
include means to secure the movable parts against
unintended motion. Gates shall not swing or tilt to
the outside unless justifiable due to unique
application. Adequate interlocks shall be
implemented in this event. Chains or wire ropes
shall not be used as guardrails. Guardrails are not
required around openings where work is to be
performed or at the sides facing the aircraft.
Walking surfaces shall be slip resistant. Floor or
stair tread openings shall not allow passage of a five
eights (5/8) inch diameter sphere.
4.17.2 Guardrail system. The platform shall
include a guardrail system around its periphery. If
the guardrail system is removable or can be lowered,
the means used to secure it in the normal operating
position shall be readily accessible for inspection
and maintenance.
(1) The guardrail system shall include a top
rail around its upper periphery. The height
of the top rail above the platform shall be
42 inches (1.07 m) plus or minus 3 inches
Equivalent structure may be used in place
of top rails and shall meet the strength
requirements of section 4.17.2.4.
(2) The guardrail system shall include a mid-
rail approximately midway between the top
rail and the platform surface. Equivalent
structure may be used in place of mid-rails,
but shall meet the strength requirements
described in section
4.17.3 Flexible materials. Flexible materials
such as wire ropes and chains shall not be used in
the guardrail system, with the following exceptions:
(1) Flexible materials may be used as a mid-
rail at access openings 30 inches (0.76 m)
wide, or less.
(2) Wire rope installed taut may be used at the
loading end of the platform where relative
motion between platform sections is
required.
(3) Flexible materials not in compliance with
above must be used in conjunction with fall
prevention equipment and suitable
anchorage points
4.17.4 Structural integrity. Each top rail, mid-
rail, or equivalent vertical barrier shall withstand a
concentrated test load of 300 pounds (1340 N)
applied at any point in all directions without fracture.
4.17.5 Toeboards. The platform shall include
toeboards on all sides. The minimum toeboard
height shall be 4 inches (0.10 m). Toeboards may be
omitted at the access opening(s).
4.17.6 Access. The aerial platform shall include
means for personnel to use in entering to/exiting
from the platform when in the lowered position.
When the distance between the access level and the
floor of the platform in its access position exceeds
20 inches (0.50 m), the aerial platform shall be
equipped with an access ladder. The access system
shall permit and, by proper placement of
components, promote achievement of three point
support while ascending or descending the access
system. The steps or rungs shall not be more than 12
24
inches (0.30 m) apart. The steps or rungs shall be
divided equally over the distance between the first
step or rung and the floor of the platform. The
height of the first step above the ground shall be a
maximum of 20 inches (0.50 m). Each step or rung
shall be at least 12.5 inches (0.32 m) wide, at least 1
inch (25 mm) deep, and shall be slip resistant. The
front of the steps or rungs shall be at least 6 inches
(0.15 m) horizontally away from the supporting
structure of any other components of the aerial
platform. The access ladder shall be symmetrical
with the access opening.
4.18 Anchorage(s) for personal fall protection.
Aerial platforms which require an anchorage(s) for
personal fall protection shall conform to the
following requirements:
(1) The location of the anchorage(s) shall be
identified and the number of anchorages
shall equal or exceed the number of rated
occupants.
(2) More than one occupant may attach to a
single anchorage if the anchorage is rated
for more than one person.
(3) When provided, each anchorage shall be
capable of withstanding a static force of
3,600 lb. (16,000 N) for each person
allowed by the manufacturer without
reaching ultimate strength. The strength
requirement shall only apply to the
anchorage(s) and their attachment to the
aerial platform.
(4) The anchorage(s) must be located at a
height no higher than the height of the mid
rail.
4.19 Instructions and markings. A statement
that only properly trained and authorized personnel
shall be permitted to operate the aerial platform.
4.19.1 Manufacturer's (remanufacturer’s)
information. The following information shall be
displayed on all aerial platforms in a clearly visible,
accessible area and in a durable manner:
(l) Warnings, cautions, or restrictions for safe
operation and maintenance in accordance
with:
ANSI Z535.1- Safety Color Code
ANSI Z535.3-Criteria for Safety Symbols
ANSI Z535.4- Product Safety Signs and
Labels
(2) The make, model, serial number, and
manufacturer’s (remanufacturer's) name
and address
(3) The rated work load including rated
number of occupants
(4) The rated platform height
(5) The maximum travel height, if not equal to
the rated platform height
(6) The nominal voltage ratings of the batteries
if battery powered
(7) A notice to study the operator’s manual
before using the equipment
(8) A notice of the inspections required by
Sections 6, 7 and 8 of this standard
(9) An alternative configuration statement. If
an aerial platform may have several
alternative configurations, the manufacturer
shall clearly describe these alternatives,
including the rated capacity in each
situation. If the rated work load of the
aerial platform is the same in all
configurations these additional descriptions
are not necessary.
(10) A statement of whether or not the platform
or any portion thereof is electrically
insulated. If equipped with an insulated
platform, the level of protection and
applicable test standard shall be stated, in
accordance with ANSI/SIA A92.2.
(11) Warnings against replacing without
manufacturer’s consent, components
critical to machine stability, i.e. batteries or
ballasted tires, with lighter weight
components. The minimum weights of
such components shall be specified.
(12) Wheels and/or outrigger loads. Total
weight of the aerial platform and wheel
loading for the worst loading condition
exerted by the wheels and/or outriggers as
applicable.
(13) When an anchorage(s) is provided, the
location of such anchorage point(s) shall be
clearly marked.
(14) Warnings and instructions intended to
prevent electric shock and inform the
operator of the minimum approach distance
25
(MAD) requirements found in the Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.333(c)
(15) Consideration shall be given in the
selection of label materials to the following
criteria: physical properties, dimensional
stability, chemical resistance, adhesive
performance, shear adhesion, durability and
ambient temperature. All equipment shall
employ a marking and labeling system that
complies with the permanence
requirements of ANSI/UL 201, Section
77.1 and 77.2(f). Equipment intended for
outdoor installation shall employ a marking
and labeling system that complies with the
applicable permanence requirements of
ANSI/UL 50, Table 47.1
(16) A statement of compliance with Section 4
of this standard
(17) A statement that only properly trained and
authorized personnel shall be permitted to
operate the aerial platform
(18) Ambient temperature range for which the
aerial platform is designed
4.19.2 Platform workloads. The rated work load,
side load, load distribution and number of occupants,
where applicable, shall be clearly displayed at each
access to the platform and on the platform
extension(s), if so equipped.
4.19.3 Manufacturer safety bulletins.
Manufacturers shall develop and ensure delivery to
all registered owners of safety related bulletins that
may arise after the manufacture of any aerial work
platform.
4.20 Manuals.
4.20.1 Operating and maintenance manual. The
manufacturer (remanufacturer) shall provide with
each aerial platform, at the time of delivery, an
appropriate manual(s) containing the following:
(1) Descriptions, specification, and ratings of
the aerial platform, including the data
specified in 4.19
(2) Maximum hydraulic and pneumatic
operating pressure and the maximum
voltage of the electrical systems which are
part of the vehicle
(3) Instructions regarding intended use,
operation, safety and maintenance
(4) Information required to perform the
responsibilities set forth in Sections 5
through 11 of this Standard, i.e., the
“Manual of Responsibilities”
4.20.2 Repair and parts manual. The
manufacturer (remanufacturer) shall make available
an appropriate manual(s) listing repair and parts
information.
4.21 Weather-resistant storage. The
manufacturer (remanufacturer) shall provide a
weather-resistant storage location on the aerial
platform for the manual(s) specified in Section
4.20.1.
4.22 Electrical system. Electrical wiring and
components shall comply, as applicable, with the
requirements of the Standard SAE J821.
4.23 Training and training materials. Manufacturers (remanufacturers) shall develop and
offer training materials that will aid dealers, owners,
users and operators in meeting their responsibilities
as outlined in this standard.
4.24 Manufacturer as dealer. When a
manufacturer acts as a dealer, owner, user or
operator, the manufacturer shall assume the
appropriate responsibilities of a dealer as outlined in
this standard for that role.
4.25 Remanufacture. Whenever an aerial
platform is remanufactured by an entity other than
the original manufacturer, the remanufacturer shall
assume the responsibilities of a manufacturer as set
forth in section 4 of this Standard.
4.26 Provision for passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the manufacturer is
responsible for compliance with applicable design
standards.
26
5. Responsibilities of Dealers or Installers
5.1 Basic principles. Sound principles of safety,
training, inspection, maintenance, application, and
operation consistent with all data available regarding
the parameters of intended use and expected
environment shall be applied in the training of
operators, in maintenance, application, safety
provisions and operation of the aerial platform with
due consideration of the knowledge that the aerial
platform will be carrying personnel.
5.2 Manuals.
5.2.1 Machine manual(s). Dealers or installers
shall keep and maintain a copy(ies) of the:
(1) Operating manual
(2) Maintenance manual
(3) Parts manual
(4) Repair manual
The operating manual and maintenance manual shall
be provided with each rental, lease or sale delivery
and shall be stored in the weather resistant storage
compartment on the aerial platform. Manual(s) are
considered an integral part of the aerial platform and
are vital to communicate necessary safety
information to owners, users and operators. In
addition, repair and parts manuals MUST be
provided with each sale delivery.
5.2.2 Manual of Responsibilities. The current
Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers, Installers,
Owners, Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees, and
Brokers of Airline Ground Support Vehicle-
Mounted Vertical lift Devices shall be provided and
stored in the weather resistant storage compartment.
5.3 Pre-delivery preparation. Aerial platforms
shall be inspected, serviced and adjusted to the
manufacturer's requirements prior to each delivery
by sale, lease or rental. The work shall be performed
by a person qualified as a mechanic on the specific
type of aerial platform or one having similar
operating characteristics.
5.4 Maintenance, Inspection and Repair.
5.4.1 Maintenance. When a dealer or installer
accomplishes preventative maintenance on the aerial
platform, it shall be in accordance with the
manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s) recommenda-
tions, the environment, and severity of use.
5.4.2 Inspection. When the dealer or installer
accomplishes frequent and annual inspections, they
shall be accomplished in accordance with the
manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s) manuals.
5.4.3 Repairs. Repairs accomplished to correct
malfunctions and problems shall be in accordance
with the manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s) manuals
and instructions.
5.5 Maintenance safety precautions. Before
adjustments and repairs are started on an aerial
platform, the following precautions shall be taken as
applicable:
(1) Power plant stopped and starting means
rendered inoperative.
(2) All controls in the "Off” position and all
operating systems secured from inadvertent
motion by brakes, blocks, or other means.
(3) Elevating assembly and platform lowered
to the full down position, if possible, or
otherwise secured by blocking or cribbing
to prevent dropping.
(4) Hydraulic oil pressure relieved from all
hydraulic circuits before loosening or
removing hydraulic components.
(5) Safety props or latches installed where
applicable as prescribed by the
manufacturer.
5.6 Replacement parts. When parts or
components are replaced, they shall be identical or
equivalent to original aerial platform parts or
components.
5.7 Training. The dealer or installer shall, upon
the request of the owner, user or operator, offer to do
training or advise where training may reasonably be
obtained to facilitate their complying with
requirements set forth in this standard regarding the
inspection, maintenance, repair, use, application, and
operation of the aerial platform.
27
5.8 Familiarization on delivery. Upon delivery
by sale, lease, rental or any form of use, the dealer or
installer shall offer familiarization to the person
designated by the receiving entity for accepting the
aerial platform to:
(1) Identify the weather resistant compartment
(for manual storage).
(2) Confirm the manuals, as specified by the
manufacturer, are on the aerial platform.
(3) Review all control functions, operating
characteristics, placards and warnings with
the operator or person(s) designated by the
user.
(4) Review safety devices specific to the model
aerial platform being delivered.
5.9 Dealer or Installer as user. When a manu-
facturer acts as a dealer, installer, owner, user or
operator, the manufacturer shall assume the
appropriated responsibilities as outlined in this
standard for that role. All personnel authorized to
operate the aerial platform shall have been:
(1) Trained.
(2) Familiarized with the aerial platform to be
operated.
(3) Made aware of the responsibilities of
operators as outlined in Section 8 of this
standard.
5.10 Assistance to owners and users. If a dealer
or installer is unable to answer an owner's or user's
question(s) relating to rated capacity, intended use,
maintenance, repair, inspection, or operation of the
aerial platform, the dealer or installer shall obtain the
proper information from the manufacturer, or a
qualified person if the manufacturer is no longer in
business, and provide that information to the owner
or user.
5.11 Record Retention and Dissemination.
5.11.1 Record retention. The dealer or installer
shall retain the following records for at least 4 years:
(1) Name and address of the purchaser of each
aerial platform by serial number and date
of delivery
(2) Records of the predelivery preparation
performed prior to each delivery
(3) Records of frequent and annual machine
inspections accomplished
(4) Records of repairs accomplished to correct
malfunctions and problems
(5) Name of the person(s) trained
(6) Name of the person(s) providing the
training
(7) Date of training
(8) Name of person(s) receiving familiarization
with the aerial platform upon each delivery
(9) Name of person(s) providing
familiarization with the aerial platform
upon each delivery
(10) Records of all maintenance performed
5.11.2 Proof of training. When a dealer or installer
provides operator training, they SHALL provide
trainees who successfully complete training a means
to evidence they are trained. The dealer or installer
shall provide such proof if requested by the trainee.
The document evidencing training shall include the
following information:
(1) Name of trainee
(2) Name of entity providing training or
retraining
(3) Name of trainer(s)
(4) Clear identification that training covered
Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted
Vertical Lift Devices
(5) Date of training
5.11.3 Record dissemination. Upon request, the
dealer or installer shall provide the following
information:
(1) To the owner of the aerial platform, a copy
of frequent or annual inspections
performed
(2) To the owner of the aerial platform, a copy
of repairs and maintenance accomplished
(3) To a user, proof of training for an operator,
including name of trainer and date of
training
(4) To a user, the name of the person(s)
receiving familiarization upon delivery of
the aerial platform
5.12 Modifications. Modification, alteration or
remanufacture of an aerial platform shall be made
only with prior written permission of the
28
manufacturer. Should the original manufacturer no
longer exist, a qualified person may approve such
modifications. All modifications shall meet the
applicable manufacturer’s requirements as specified
in section 4 (Responsibilities of Manufacturers) of
this standard.
5.13 Manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s) safety
bulletins. The dealer or installer shall comply with
safety-related bulletins as received from the
manufacturer (remanufacturer).
5.14 Responsibilities upon sale. When the aerial
platform is sold, the dealer or installer:
(1) Shall, upon delivery, ensure the operating
and maintenance manuals are conveyed to
the owner.
(2) Shall, upon delivery, provide a copy of the
current Manual of Responsibilities for
Dealers, Owners, Users, Operators,
Lessors, Lessees and Brokers of Airline
Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical
Lift Devices.
(3) Should, within 60 days of sale, provide
repair and parts manuals.
(4) Shall, within 60 days of the sale, notify the
manufacturer (remanufacturer) or its
successor (if existing) of the sale, providing
the full name and address of the purchaser.
(5) Should, if the aerial platform is used,
accomplish an annual machine inspection
prior to delivery and provide a copy to the
purchaser within 60 days of the sale.
(6) Shall, upon delivery, familiarize the person
designated by the receiving entity with the
aerial platform being acquired.
5.15 Vehicle specifications. Each dealer or
installer, or both, who sells an aerial device shall
inform the owner or user, or both, of the
manufacturer’s minimum vehicle specifications.
5.16 Vehicle weight distribution. The installer
shall be responsible for the weight distribution of the
completed mobile unit in accordance with the
requirements of the aerial device and the applicable
regulations. Allowance shall be made for the weight
of readily removable tools and material specified by
the user.
5.17 Installations. The installer shall comply
with Sections 4 and 5 of this standard relating to
proper installation and shall follow the instructions
of the manufacturer. In the event the original
manufacturer no longer exists, an equivalent entity
may provide these instructions. The installer of an
aerial device shall, before the mobile unit is placed
in operation, perform stability tests in accordance
with the requirements of 4.9 and 4.10. The installer
shall, when installing an aerial device on a chassis
which is a highway vehicle, comply with all
requirements of the applicable Federal Motor
Vehicle Safety Standards in effect at the time of
installation. Certification as a manufacturer
(alteration, intermediate or final) of a motor vehicle
under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards is
required. The travel height of the mobile unit shall
be posted in a location that is readily visible to the
vehicle operator.
5.18 Provision for Passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the dealer or installer is
responsible for compliance with applicable design
and use standards.
6. Responsibilities of Owners
6.1 Basic principles. Sound principles of safety,
training, inspection, maintenance, application, and
operation consistent with all data available regarding
the parameters of intended use and expected
environment shall be applied in the performance of
the responsibilities of owners with due consideration
of the knowledge that the aerial platform will be
carrying personnel.
6.2 Responsibilities upon purchase. Upon
purchase of the aerial platform, the buyer:
(1) Shall ensure the operating and maintenance
manuals have been received.
(2) Should acquire repair and parts manuals
within sixty days (60) of acquisition.
(3) Shall within sixty days (60) of acquisition
of the aerial platform provide the
manufacturer (remanufacturer), or its
successor, (if existing) with the full name
and address of the buyer along with the
29
model and serial number of the aerial
platform acquired.
(4) Shall, if the aerial platform is used, ensure
that frequent and annual inspections are
current.
(5) Shall become familiar with and conform to
the responsibilities of owners as set forth in
the Manual of Responsibilities for Airline
Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical
Lift Devices.
6.3 Manuals
6.3.1 Machine manual(s). Owners shall provide a
copy(ies) of the operating and maintenance
manual(s) with each rental, lease, or sales delivery
by ensuring they are properly stored in the
weatherproof compartment that is a part of the aerial
platform. The manual(s) is considered an integral
part of the aerial platform and is vital to
communicate necessary safety information to
owners, users and operators, In addition, repair and
parts manuals MUST be provided with each sale
delivery.
6.3.2 Manual of Responsibilities. The current
Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers, Owners,
Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees, and Brokers of
Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical
Lift Devices shall be provided and stored in the
weather resistant storage compartment.
6.4 Maintenance, Inspection and Repair.
6.4.1 Maintenance. The owner of an aerial
platform shall ensure that the maintenance specified
in this standard is properly performed on a timely
basis. The owner shall establish a preventive
maintenance program in accordance with the
manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s)
recommendations and taking into account the
environment of the work place and severity of use of
the aerial platform.
6.4.2 Inspection. The owner shall arrange for
frequent and annual inspections to be performed in
accordance with the recommendations of the
manufacturer (remanufacturer). All malfunctions
and problems identified in the inspection shall be
corrected before the aerial platform is returned to
service.
6.4.3 Repairs. When the aerial platform is
damaged or in need of repair, all malfunctions and
problems identified shall be corrected before the
aerial platform is returned to service. Repairs
accomplished to correct malfunctions and problems
shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s
(remanufacturer’s) manuals and instructions. The
repairs shall be made by a person qualified as a
mechanic on the specific type of aerial platform or
one having similar design characteristics.
6.5 Pre-delivery preparation. Aerial platforms
shall be inspected, serviced, and adjusted in
accordance with the manufacturer’s
(remanufacturer’s) requirements prior to each
delivery by sale, lease or rental.
6.6 Frequent inspection. The owner of an aerial
platform shall ensure that a frequent inspection is
performed in accordance with the manufacture’s
(remanufacturer’s) instructions.
(1) For the aerial platform that was purchased
used, this inspection shall be accomplished
unless it is determined that the frequent and
annual inspections are current.
(2) An aerial platform that has been in service
for three months or 150 hours, whichever
comes first, shall be inspected.
(3) An aerial platform that has been out of
service for a period longer than three
months shall be inspected.
The inspection shall be made by a person qualified
as a mechanic on the specific type of aerial platform
or one having similar design characteristics. The
inspection shall be in accordance with items
specified by the manufacturer (remanufacturer) for a
frequent inspection and shall include, but not be
limited to the following:
(1) All functions and their controls for speed(s)
smoothness, and limits of motion
(2) Lower controls including the provisions for
overriding of upper controls
(3) All chain and cable mechanisms for
adjustment and worn or damaged parts
(4) All emergency and safety devices
30
(5) Lubrication of all moving parts, inspection
of filter element(s), hydraulic oil, engine
oil, and coolant as specified by the
manufacturer
(6) Visual inspection of structural components
and other critical components such as
fasteners, pins, shafts and locking devices
(7) Placard, warnings and control markings
(8) Additional items specified by the
manufacturer
The owner shall not place the aerial platform into
service until all malfunctions and problems have
been corrected.
6.7 Annual inspection. The owner of an aerial
platform shall ensure that an annual inspection is
performed on the aerial platform no later than twelve
(12) months from the date of the prior annual
inspection. The inspection shall be performed by a
person(s) qualified as a mechanic on the specific
make and model of the aerial platform or one having
similar design characteristics. The inspection shall
be in accordance with items specified by the
manufacturer (remanufacturer) for an annual
inspection. The owner shall not place the aerial
platform into service until all malfunctions and
problems have been corrected. The owner shall place
a decal in the area of the ground controls that states
the date of the last annual inspection.
6.8 Maintenance and repair safety precautions. Before adjustments and repairs are started on an
aerial platform, the following precautions shall be
taken as applicable:
(1) Power plant stopped and starting means
rendered inoperative.
(2) All controls in the "off' position and all
operating systems secured from inadvertent
motion by brakes, blocks, or other means.
(3) Elevating assembly and platform lowered
to the full down position, if possible, or
otherwise secured by blocking or cribbing
to prevent dropping.
(4) Hydraulic oil pressure relieved from all
hydraulic circuits before loosening or
removing hydraulic components.
(5) Safety props or latches installed where
applicable as prescribed by the
manufacturer.
6.9 Replacement parts. When parts or
components are replaced, they shall be identical or
equivalent to original aerial platform parts or
components.
6.10 Maintenance and repair training. The
owners shall train their maintenance personnel in
inspection and maintenance of the aerial platform in
accordance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations and sections 6.2 through 6.10 of
this standard.
6.11 Training.
6.11.1 Operator training. Whenever an owner
directs or authorizes an employee to operate an
aerial platform (loading, unloading, inspecting or
any form of use) the owner shall assume the
responsibilities of the user as specified in Section 7
of this standard and shall ensure the person has been:
(1) Trained.
(2) Familiarized with the aerial platform to be
operated.
(3) Made aware of the responsibilities of
operators as outlined in Section 8 of this
standard.
6.11.2 Assistance to user. Upon request of the user,
when an owner leases, rents or provides an aerial
platform for any form of beneficial use, the owner at
that time shall offer to do training or advise the user
where training may reasonably be secured.
6.12 Familiarization upon delivery. Upon
delivery for lease, rental or any form of beneficial
use, the owner shall offer familiarization to the
person designated by the receiving entity for
accepting the aerial platform to:
(1) Identify the weather resistant compartment
(for manual storage).
(2) Confirm that the manuals, as specified by
the manufacturer, are on the aerial
platform.
(3) Review all control functions, operating
characteristics, placards and warnings with
the operator or person(s) designated by the
user.
(4) Review safety devices specific to the model
aerial platform being delivered.
31
6.13 Operation. When an owner acts as a dealer,
user or operator, the owner shall assume the
responsibilities as outlined in this standard for that
role.
6.14 Assistance to others. If an owner is unable
to answer an owner’s, user's or operator's
question(s) relating to rated capacity, intended use,
maintenance, repair, inspection, or operation of the
aerial platform, the owner shall obtain the proper
information from the dealer or manufacturer and
provide that information to the user or operator.
6.15 Record Retention and Dissemination.
6.15.1 Record retention. The owner shall date
and retain the following records for at least four
years:
(1) Name and address of the purchaser of each
aerial platform by serial number and date
of delivery
(2) Written records of the frequent and annual
inspections and repairs performed. The
record shall include deficiencies found,
corrective action accomplished and
identification of the person(s) performing
the inspection and repairs.
(3) Written records of repairs accomplished on
the aerial platform. The records shall
include corrective action accomplished and
identification of the person(s) performing
the repairs.
(4) Pre-delivery preparation performed prior to
each delivery
(5) Name of the person(s) trained
(6) Name of person(s) providing training
(7) Date of training
(8) Name of person(s) receiving familiarization
upon delivery, unless the individual has
been provided with familiarization on the
same model, or one having characteristics
consistent with the one being delivered,
within the prior 90 days
(9) Name of person(s) providing familiari-
zation upon delivery
6.15.2 Proof of training. Owners providing
training should provide successful trainees a means
to evidence their training and shall provide such
proof if requested by the trainee. The document
evidencing training shall include the following
information:
(1) Name of trainee
(2) Name of entity providing training or
retraining
(3) Name of trainer(s)
(4) Clear identification that training covered
Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted
Vertical Lift Devices
(5) Date of training
6.15.3 Record dissemination. Upon request, an
owner accomplishing training and/or familiarization
shall provide the following:
(1) To a user, proof of training for an operator,
including name of trainer and date of
training
(2) To a user, the name of the person(s)
receiving familiarization upon delivery of
the aerial platform
6.16 Modifications. Modification, alteration or
remanufacture of an aerial platform shall be made
only with prior written permission of the
manufacturer (remanufacturer). Should the
manufacturer (remanufacturer) no longer exist, a
qualified person may approve such modifications.
All modifications shall meet the applicable
manufacturer’s requirements as specified in section
4 (Responsibilities of manufacturers) of this
Standard.
6.17 Manufacturer's safety bulletins. The
owner shall comply with safety-related bulletins as
received from the manufacturer (remanufacturer) or
the dealer
6.18 Responsibilities upon sale. Upon sale of the
aerial platform, the seller:
(1) Shall, upon delivery, ensure the operating
and maintenance manuals are conveyed to
the new owner.
(2) Shall, upon delivery, provide a copy of the
current Manual of Responsibilities for
Dealers, Operators, Users, Lessors,
Lessees, and Brokers of Airline Ground
Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift
Devices to the new owner.
32
(3) Shall provide repair and parts manuals to
the new owner.
(4) Shall, upon the request of the new owner,
offer to do training or advise where training
may reasonably be obtained.
(5) Shall, within 60 days of the sale, notify the
manufacturer (remanufacturer) or its
successor (if existing) of the sale, providing
the full name and address of the purchaser.
6.19 Provision for passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the owner is responsible for
compliance with applicable design and use
standards.
7. Responsibilities of Users
7.1 Basic principles. The information in this
standard must be supplemented by good job
management, safety control, and the application of
sound principles of safety, training, inspection,
maintenance, application, and operation, consistent
with all data available regarding the parameters of
intended use and expected environment. Since the
user has direct control over the application and
operation of aerial platforms, conformance with
good safety practices in this area is the responsibility
of the user and the operating personnel, including the
operator. Decisions on the use and operation of the
aerial platform must always be made with due
consideration for the fact that the aerial platform will
be carrying personnel whose safety is dependent on
those decisions.
7.2 Manuals.
7.2.1 Machine manual(s). Users shall keep and
maintain a copy(ies) of the operating and
maintenance manual(s) in the weather resistant
storage compartment provided by the manufacturer.
The manual(s) is considered an integral part of the
aerial platform and is vital to communicate
necessary safety information to users and operators.
7.2.2 Manual of Responsibilities. The current
Manual of Responsibilities for Dealers, Owners,
Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees, and Brokers of
Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical
Lift Devices shall be provided and stored in the
weather resistant storage compartment.
7.3 Inspection and maintenance. Users shall
ensure that the aerial platform is inspected and
maintained by a qualified person as required to
ensure proper operation. The frequency of inspection
and maintenance shall be in accordance with the
manufacturer's recommendations taking into account
the environment of the work place and the severity
of use of the aerial platform. Aerial platforms that
are not in proper operating condition shall be
immediately removed from service until repaired.
Repairs shall be made by a person qualified as a
mechanic on the specific type of aerial platform or
one having similar characteristics. The repairs shall
be in conformance with the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
7.3.1 Frequent inspection. The users shall ensure
that aerial platform being operated have not
exceeded the date required for the next frequent
inspections are conducted as outlined in Section 6.6
of this standard.
7.3.2 Annual inspection. The users shall ensure
that aerial platform being operated have not
exceeded the date required for the next frequent
inspections are conducted as outlined in Section 6.7
of this standard.
7.3.3 Prestart inspection. The user shall ensure
that a qualified person or the operator authorized to
operate the aerial platform, before use each day or at
the beginning of each shift, shall perform a visual
inspection and functional test including but not
limited to the following:
(1) Operating and emergency controls
(2) Safety devices
(3) Air, hydraulic and fuel system leaks
(4) Cables and wiring harness
(5) Loose or missing parts
(6) Tires and wheels
(7) Placards, warnings, control markings, and
operating manual(s)
(8) Outriggers, stabilizers, and other structures
(9) Guardrail system
(10) Items specified by the manufacturer
33
7.3.4 Maintenance safety precautions. Before
adjustments and repairs are started on an aerial
platform, the following precautions shall be taken as
applicable:
(1) Power plant stopped and starting means are
rendered inoperative
(2) All controls are in the “"Off” position and
all operating systems are secured from
inadvertent motion by brakes, blocks or
other means.
(3) The elevating assembly and platform are
lowered to the full down position, if
possible, or otherwise secured by blocking
or cribbing to prevent dropping.
(4) Hydraulic oil pressure is relieved from all
hydraulic circuits before loosening or
removing hydraulic components.
(6) Safety props or latches are installed where
applicable as prescribed by the
manufacturer (remanufacturer).
(7) Precautions specified by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer) should be taken.
7.4 Replacement parts. When parts or
components are replaced, they shall be identical or
equivalent to original aerial platform parts or
components.
7.5 Maintenance and repair training. The user
shall ensure only qualified personnel inspect,
maintain and repair the aerial platform in accordance
with the manufacturer’s (remanufacturer’s)
recommendations and sections 7.3 and 7.4 of this
standard.
7.6 Operator training and retraining. Whenever a user directs or authorizes an individual
to operate an aerial platform the user shall ensure the
personnel, prior to authorization to operate, has:
(1) Successfully completed general operator
training as defined in section 8.5 of this
standard.
(2) Received familiarization on the aerial
platform to be operated.
(3) Been made aware of all operator
responsibilities as outlined in Section 8 of
this standard.
(4) Successfully completed retraining, if
necessary, based on the user’s observation
and evaluation of the operator.
7.6.1 Trainee records. A record of the trainee’s
aerial platform instruction shall be maintained by the
user for at least 4 years.
7.7 Familiarization before use. The user shall
authorize only properly trained personnel to operate
an aerial platform. The user shall ensure that before
use the operator is familiar with the model of the
aerial platform to be operated, and specifically:
(1) Knows where the weather resistant
compartment for manual storage is located.
(2) Knows the operating and maintenance
manuals supplied by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer) are stored in the weather
resistant compartment and is familiar with
the operating and safety manuals.
(3) Understands all control functions,
operating characteristics, placards and
warnings.
(4) Is aware of and understands all safety
devices specific to the model aerial
platform being used.
7.8 Workplace inspection. Before the aerial
platform is used and during use, the user shall ensure
that a qualified person or the operator authorized to
operate the aerial platform, before use each day or at
the beginning of each shift, shall check the area in
which the aerial platform is to be used for possible
hazards such as, but not limited to:
(1) Drop-offs or holes, including those
concealed by water, ice, etc.
(2) Slope(s)
(3) Bumps and paved surface obstructions
(4) Debris
(5) Overhead obstructions and high voltage
conductors
(6) Hazardous locations and atmospheres
(reference ANSI/NFPA 505-1996)
(7) Inadequate surface and support to
withstand all load forces imposed by the
aerial platform in all operating
configurations
(8) Wind and weather conditions
(9) Presence of unauthorized persons
34
(10) Other possible unsafe conditions
7.9 Determination of hazardous locations. It
shall be the responsibility of the user to determine
the hazard classification of the intended location of
operation. Aerial platforms operated in hazardous
locations shall be approved in accordance with, and
of the type required, by ANSI/NFPA 505-1996.
7.10 Operator warnings and instructions. The
user shall direct personnel operating the aerial
platform to be in compliance with the provisions set
forth in Section 8 of this standard. The user shall
monitor their performance and supervise their work
to ensure the use, application and operation of the
aerial platform is in conformance with the provisions
set forth in this standard, warn personnel of potential
hazards, provide means to protect against identified
hazards, and explain the potential consequences of
not following proper operating guidelines.
Instructions and guidelines regarding proper
operation shall include, but not necessarily be
limited to the following issues and subjects:
(1) Fall protection. The guardrail system of
the aerial platform provides fall protection.
If occupant(s) of the platform are required
to wear personal fall protection equipment
(PFPE), occupants shall comply with
instructions provided by the aerial platform
manufacturer (remanufacturer) regarding
anchorage(s). The selection, use, inspection
and training for all personal fall protection
used with the aerial platform must be
compliant with the OSHA fall protection
regulations and ANSI Z359 standards.
(2) Slope and grade. The aerial platform shall
not be operated in any manner on grades,
side slopes or ramps exceeding those for
which the aerial platform is rated by the
manufacturer (remanufacturer).
(3) Deployment of stability enhancing
means. Outriggers, stabilizers, extendible
axles or other stability enhancing means
shall be deployed and locked into place as
required by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer).
(4) Guardrail system. Guardrails shall be
installed and positioned, and access gates
or openings shall be closed per the
manufacturer's (remanufacturer’s)
instructions.
(5) Distribution of load. The load and its
distribution on the platform and any
platform extension(s) shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer's
(remanufacturer’s) rated capacity for that
specific configuration.
(6) Maintain overhead clearance. The
operator shall be instructed to ensure that
adequate clearance is maintained from
overhead obstructions and energized
electrical conductors and parts.
(7) Electrocution hazard. All applicable
safety related work practices intended to
prevent electric shock covered by the Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910.333
shall be defined and explained to the
operator by a qualified person. In
particular, such person shall direct the
operator, commensurate with the operator’s
qualifications, to maintain the appropriate
minimum approach distance (MAD) from
energized power lines and parts covered by
CFR 1910.333 (c).
(8) Personal protective equipment (PPE). The user shall direct the operator to ensure
all personnel on the platform wear personal
protective equipment (PPE) as required.
(9) Personnel footing. Personnel shall
maintain a firm footing on the platform
floor while working thereon. Climbing by
occupants on the mid-rail or top rail of the
aerial platform is prohibited. The use of
planks, ladders, or any other devices on the
platform for achieving additional height or
reach is prohibited.
(10) Precaution for other moving equipment. When other moving equipment and aerial
platforms are present, special precautions
shall be taken to comply with local
ordinances or safety standards established
for the workplace. Warnings such as, but
not limited to, flags, roped off areas,
flashing lights, and barricades shall be used
as appropriate.
(11) Reporting problems or malfunctions. The user shall direct the operator to
immediately report to a supervisor any
35
problem(s) or malfunction(s) that become
evident during operation. The user shall
ensure all problems and malfunctions are
repaired prior to continued use. Any
machine reported to have a safety related
problem must be tagged out, isolated and
removed from service until properly
repaired by a qualified person.
(12) Reporting potentially hazardous
locations. The user shall direct the
operator to immediately report to a
supervisor any potentially hazardous
location(s) that become evident during
operation.
(13) Hazardous location operation. Operation
of aerial platforms not approved and
marked for operation in a hazardous
location shall be prohibited.
(14) Entanglement. Care shall be taken to
prevent items such as rope, electric cords,
and hoses from becoming entangled in the
aerial platform.
(15) Capacity limitations. Rated capacities
shall not be exceeded when loads are
transferred to the platform at any height.
(16) Work area. The user shall direct the
operator to ensure the area surrounding the
aerial platform is clear of personnel and
equipment before lowering the platform.
(17) Fueling. The engine (if applicable) shall
be shut down while fuel tanks are being
filled. Fueling shall be done in a well-
ventilated area free of flame, sparks, or
other hazards that may cause fire or
explosion.
(18) Battery charging. Batteries shall only be
charged in a well-ventilated area free of
flame, sparks, or other hazards that may
cause fire or explosion.
(19) Improper platform stabilization. The
aerial platform shall not be positioned
against another object to steady the
platform or improve stability.
(20) Misuse as a crane. The aerial platform
shall not be used as a crane.
(21) Unusual operating support conditions. The aerial platform shall not be operated
from a position on trucks, trailers, railway
cars, floating vessels, scaffolds, or similar
equipment unless the application is
approved in writing by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer) or a qualified person.
(22) Travel speeds. The user shall direct the
operator to limit travel speed according to
conditions, including the condition of the
support surface, congestion, visibility,
slope, location of personnel, and other
factors leading to hazards which may cause
collision(s) or result in potential injury (ies)
to personnel.
(23) Driving requirements. Before and during
driving the aerial platform, the user shall
direct the operator to:
(a) Maintain a clear view of the support
surface and route of travel.
(b) Ensure personnel in the worksite area
that may be affected are aware of the
movement, communicating and
maneuvering the aerial platform as
required to protect against personal
injury.
(c) Maintain a safe distance from obstacles,
debris, drop-offs, holes, depressions,
ramps, and other hazards to ensure safe
travel.
(d) Maintain a safe distance from overhead
obstacles and energized electrical
conductors.
(24) Stunt driving. The user shall inform the
operator that stunt driving and horseplay
are prohibited.
(25) Securing the aerial platform. The user
shall direct the operator to implement
means provided to protect against use by an
unauthorized person(s).
(26) Altering safety devices. Interlocks or
other safety devices shall not be altered or
disabled.
(27) Snagged platform. If the platform or
supporting assembly becomes caught,
snagged, or otherwise prevented from
normal motion by adjacent structures or
other obstacles such that control reversal
does not free the platform, all personnel
shall be removed from the platform/basket
before attempts are made to free the
platform using lower controls.
36
(28) Vacating (or entering) an elevated aerial
platform. If permitted by the
manufacturer, personnel shall only vacate
or enter a raised aerial platform by
following the guidelines and instructions
provided by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer).
(29) Modifications. Modification or alteration
of an aerial platform or the fabrication and
attaching of frameworks or the mounting of
attachments for holding tools or materials
onto the platform or the guardrail system
shall only be accomplished with the prior
written permission of the manufacturer
(remanufacturer). Should the manufacturer
(remanufacturer) no longer exist, a
qualified person may approve such
modifications. All modifications shall
meet the applicable manufacturer’s
requirements as specified in Section 4
(Responsibilities of Manufacturers) of this
standard.
(30) Assistance to the operator. If an operator
encounters any suspected malfunction of
the aerial platform, or any hazard or
potentially unsafe condition relating to
capacity, intended use or safe operation of
the aerial platform, the operator shall cease
operation of the aerial platform and request
further information from the user.
(31) Problems or malfunctions. Any
problem(s) or malfunction(s) that affect the
safety of operations shall be repaired prior
to the use of the aerial platform.
(32) Carrying materials (larger than the
platform.) The user shall ensure that only
tools and materials which are evenly
distributed and can be safely handled by a
person(s) working from the platform are
transported.
(33) Rated horizontal force. The user shall
direct the operator not to exceed the
manufacturer's (remanufacturer’s) rated
horizontal force.
(34) Bridge cranes. When an aerial platform is
to operate within the area of travel of a
bridge crane or similar equipment, steps
shall be taken to prevent a collision with
the aerial platform.
(35) Adequate support requirements. The
user shall insure the support surface is
adequate for the aerial platform and the
load carried.
(36) Leveling the aerial platform. Outriggers
and leveling devices supplied by the
manufacturer (remanufacturer) shall be
utilized to level the aerial platform when
provided.
(37) Protecting against unauthorized use. The user shall direct the operator not to
use, rent, lease, or provide the aerial
platform for any form of beneficial use
unless so authorized.
7.11 User as operator. When a user acts as a
dealer, owner or operator, the user shall assume the
appropriate responsibilities as outlined in this
standard for that role.
7.12 Shutdown of aerial platform. The user
shall authorize and direct the operating personnel to
cease operation of the aerial platform in case of any
suspected malfunctions of the aerial platform, or any
hazard or potentially unsafe condition that may be
encountered, and to request further information as to
safe operation from the owner, dealer, or
manufacturer before further operation of the aerial
platform.
7.13 Record Retention and Dissemination.
7.13.1 Record retention. The user shall retain the
following records for at least four years:
(1) Names of the operator(s) trained and
retrained
(2) Names of operator(s) provided
familiarization
(3) The owner (or the entity designated by the
owner) is responsible to ensure frequent
and annual inspections are conducted and
written records are maintained. The
records shall include the date of the
inspection, any deficiencies found, the
corrective action recommended and
identification of the person(s) performing
the inspection.
(4) When employees of the user accomplish
repairs on the aerial platform, the user
37
shall maintain written records. The record
shall include the date of repair, a
description of the work accomplished, and
identification of the person(s) performing
the repair.
7.13.2 Record dissemination
(1) When the user directs personnel to
accomplish frequent or annual inspections,
the appropriate records shall be provided to
the owner of the aerial platform no later
than 60 days after the inspections.
(2) When the user directs personnel to
accomplish repairs on the aerial platform,
the appropriate records shall be provided to
the owner no later than 60 days after the
repairs are accomplished.
7.13.3 Proof of training. Users providing training
should provide successful trainees a means to
evidence their training and shall provide such proof
if requested by the trainee. The document
evidencing training shall include the following
information:
(1) Name of trainee
(2) Name of entity providing training or
retraining
(3) Name of trainer(s)
(4) Clear identification that training covered
Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted
Vertical lift devices
(5) Date of training
7.14 Modifications. Modification, alteration or
remanufacture of an aerial platform shall be made
only with prior written permission of the
manufacturer (remanufacturer). Should the
manufacturer (remanufacturer) no longer exist, a
qualified person may approve such modifications.
All modifications shall meet the applicable
manufacturer’s requirements as specified in Section
4 (Responsibilities of Manufacturers) of this
standard.
7.15 Manufacturer's safety bulletins. The user
shall comply with safety-related bulletins as received
from the manufacturer (remanufacturer), dealer or
owner.
7.16 Provision for passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the user is responsible for
compliance with applicable use standards.
8. Responsibilities of Operators
8.1 Basic principles. The information in this
standard shall be supplemented by good judgment,
safety control, and caution in evaluating each
situation. Since the operator is in direct control of
the aerial platform, conformance with good safety
practices in this area is the responsibility of the
operator. The operator shall make decisions on the
use and operation of the aerial platform with due
consideration for the fact that his or her own safety
as well as the safety of other personnel on the
platform is dependent on those decisions.
8.2 Manuals.
8.2.1 Machine manuals. The operator shall ensure
the operating and maintenance manuals are stored in
the weather resistant storage compartment on the
aerial platform. The manual(s) is considered an
integral part of the aerial platform and is vital to
communicate necessary safety information to the
operator. The operator shall be familiar with the
manuals and reference them as required.
8.2.2 Manual of Responsibilities. The operator
shall be familiar with the requirements for operators
as set forth in Section 8 of the Manual of
Responsibilities for Dealers, Owners, Users,
Operators, Lessors, Lessees, and Brokers of Airline
Ground Support Vehicle Mounted Vertical Lift
Devices. The current Manual of Responsibilities for
Dealers, Owners, Users, Operators, Lessors, Lessees,
and Brokers of Airline Ground Support Vehicle-
Mounted Vertical Lift Devices shall be provided and
stored in the weather resistant storage compartment.
8.3 Prestart inspection. Before use each day or at
the beginning of each shift, the aerial platform shall
be given a visual inspection and functional test
including but not limited to the following:
(l) Operating and emergency controls
(2) Safety devices
(3) Personal protective devices
38
(4) Air, hydraulic, and fuel systems leaks
(5) Cables and wiring harness
(6) Loose or missing parts
(7) Tires and wheels
(8) Placards, warnings, control markings,
and operating manual(s)
(9) Outriggers, stabilizers and other
structures
(l0) Guardrail system
(11) Items specified by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer)
8.4 Problems or malfunctions. Any problems or
malfunctions that affect the safety of operations shall
be repaired prior to the use of the aerial platform.
8.5 Training, Retraining, and Familiarization.
8.5.1 General training. Only personnel, who have
received general instructions regarding the
inspection, application and operation of aerial
platforms, including recognition and avoidance of
hazards associated with their operation, shall operate
an aerial platform. Such items covered shall include,
but not necessarily be limited to, the following
issues and requirements:
(1) The purpose and use of manuals
(2) That operating manuals are an integral part
of the aerial platform and must be stored
properly in the weather resistant
compartment when not in use
(3) A pre-start inspection
(4) Responsibilities associated with problems
or malfunctions affecting the operation of
the aerial platform
(5) Factors affecting stability
(6) The purpose of placards and decals
(7) Workplace inspection
(8) Safety rules and regulations
(9) Authorization to operate
(10) Operator warnings and instructions
(11) Actual operation of the aerial platform.
Under the direction of a qualified person,
the trainee shall operate the aerial platform
for a sufficient period of time to
demonstrate proficiency in the actual
operation of the aerial platform.
8.5.2 Retraining. The operator shall be retrained,
when so directed by the user, based on the user’s
observation and evaluation of the operator.
8.5.3 Familiarization. When an operator is
directed to operate an aerial platform he/she is not
familiar with, the operator shall receive instructions
regarding the following items:
(1) The location of the weather resistant
compartment (for manual storage)
(2) The purpose and function of all controls
(3) Safety devices and operating characteristics
specific to the aerial platform
8.6 Before operation. Before operation, the
operator shall:
(1) Read and understand the manufacturer's
(remanufacturer’s) operating instruction(s)
and user's safety rules or have them
explained.
(2) Understand all labels, warnings and
instructions displayed on the aerial
platform or have them explained.
(3) Ensure all occupants of the aerial platform
wear appropriate personal protection
equipment (PPE) for the conditions,
including the environment in which the
aerial platform will be operated.
8.7 Workplace inspection. Before the aerial
platform is used and during use, the operator shall
check the area in which the aerial platform is to be
used for possible hazards such as, but not limited to:
(1) Drop-offs or holes, including those
concealed by water, ice, etc.
(2) Slope(s)
(3) Bumps and paved surface obstructions
(4) Debris
(5) Overhead obstructions and electrical
conductors
(6) Hazardous locations and atmospheres
(reference ANSI/NFPA 505-1995)
(5) Inadequate surface and support to
withstand all load forces imposed by the
aerial platform in all operating
configurations
(6) Wind and weather conditions
(7) Presence of unauthorized persons
(8) Other possible unsafe conditions
39
8.8 Prior to each elevation. Before each
elevation of the platform, the operator shall ensure:
(1) Outriggers, stabilizers, extendible axles, or
other stability enhancing means, are used
as required by the manufacturer.
(2) Guardrails are installed and access gates or
openings are closed per manufacturer's
(remanufacturer’s) instructions.
(3) The load and its distribution on the
platform and any platform extension(s) are
in accordance with the manufacturer's
(remanufacturer’s) rated capacity for that
specific configuration.
(4) All personnel on the aerial platform have
appropriate safety gear for the work and
environment envisioned.
8.9 Understanding of hazardous locations. It
shall be the responsibility of the operator to
understand the hazard classification of the intended
location of operation according to ANSI/NFPA 505
- 1996.
8.10 Operator warnings and instructions. The
operator shall ensure the operation of the aerial
platform is in compliance with the following:
(1) Fall protection. The guardrail system of
the aerial platform provides fall protection.
If occupant(s) of the platform are required
to wear personal fall protection equipment
(PFPE), occupants shall comply with
instructions provided by the aerial platform
manufacturer (remanufacturer) regarding
anchorage(s).
(2) Slope and grade. The aerial platform shall
not be operated in any manner on grades,
side slopes or ramps exceeding those for
which the aerial platform is rated by the
manufacturer (remanufacturer).
(3) Deployment of stability enhancing
means. Outriggers, stabilizers, extendible
axles, oscillating axles or other stability
enhancing means shall be deployed and
locked into place as required by the
manufacturer (remanufacturer).
(4) Guardrail system. Guardrails shall be
installed and positioned, and access gates
or openings shall be closed per the
manufacturer's (remanufacturer’s)
instructions.
(5) Distribution of load. The load and its
distribution on the platform and any
platform extension(s) shall be in
accordance with the manufacturer's rated
capacity for that specific configuration.
(6) Maintaining overhead clearance. The
operator shall ensure that adequate
clearance is maintained from overhead
obstructions and energized electrical
conductors and parts.
(7) Electrocution hazard. The operator shall
perform only that work for which he or she
is qualified, in compliance with all
applicable safety related work practices
intended to prevent electric shock covered
by the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
1910.333. The operator’s level of
competence shall be established only by
persons qualified to do so. Operators shall
maintain the appropriate minimum
approach distance (MAD) from energized
power lines and parts covered by CFR
1910.333 (c).
(8) Personal protective equipment (PPE).
The operator shall ensure all occupants of
the platform wear personal protective
equipment as required.
(9) Personnel footing. Personnel shall
maintain firm footing on the platform floor
while working thereon. Climbing by
occupants on the mid rail or top rail of the
aerial platform is prohibited. The use of
planks, ladders, or any other devices on the
platform for achieving additional height or
reach is prohibited.
(10) Precaution for other moving equipment. When other moving equipment and aerial
platforms are present, special precautions
shall be taken to comply with local
ordinances or safety standards established
for the workplace. Warnings such as, but
not limited to, flags, roped off areas,
flashing lights, and barricades shall be used
as appropriate.
(11) Reporting problems or malfunctions. The operator shall immediately report to a
supervisor any problem(s) or
40
malfunction(s) that become evident during
operation. The operator shall ensure all
problem(s) or malfunction(s) that affect the
safety of operations is repaired prior to
continued use.
(12) Reporting potentially hazardous
locations. The operator shall immediately
report to a supervisor any potentially
hazardous location(s) that become evident
during operation.
(13) Hazardous location operation. Operation
of aerial platforms not approved and
marked for operation in a hazardous
location shall be prohibited.
(14) Entanglement. Care shall be taken to
prevent items such as rope, electric cords,
and hoses from becoming entangled in the
aerial platform.
(15) Capacity limitations. Rated capacities
shall not be exceeded when loads are
transferred to the platform at any height.
(16) Work area. The operator shall ensure the
area surrounding the aerial platform is clear
of personnel and equipment before
lowering the platform.
(17) Fueling. The engine (if applicable) shall
be shut down while fuel tanks are being
filled. Fueling shall be done in a well-
ventilated area free of flame, sparks, or
other hazards that may cause fire or
explosion.
(18) Battery charging. Batteries shall only be
charged in a well-ventilated area free of
flame, sparks, or other hazards that may
cause fire or explosion.
(19) Improper platform stabilization. The
aerial platform shall not be positioned
against another object to steady the
platform or improve stability.
(20) Misuse as a crane. The aerial platform
shall not be used as a crane.
(21) Unusual operating support conditions. The aerial platform shall not be operated
from a position on trucks, trailers, railway
cars, floating vessels, scaffolds, or similar
equipment unless the application is
approved in writing by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer) or a qualified person.
(22) Travel speeds. The operator shall limit
travel speed according to conditions,
including the condition of the support
surface, congestion, visibility, slope,
location of personnel, and other factors
leading to hazards which may cause
collision(s) or result in potential injury (ies)
to personnel.
(23) Driving requirements. Before and during
driving the aerial platform, the operator
shall:
(a) Maintain a clear view of the support
surface and route of travel.
(b) Ensure personnel in the worksite area
that may be affected are aware of the
movement, communicating and
maneuvering the aerial platform as
required to protect against personal
injury.
(c) Maintain a safe distance from obstacles,
debris, drop-offs, holes, depressions,
ramps, and other hazards to ensure safe
travel.
(d) Maintain a safe distance from overhead
obstacles and energized electrical
conductors.
(24) Stunt driving. Stunt driving and horseplay
are prohibited.
(25) Securing the aerial platform. The
operator shall implement means provided
to protect against use by an unauthorized
person(s)
(26) Altering safety devices. Interlocks or
other safety devices shall not be altered or
disabled.
(27) Snagged platform. If the platform or
supporting assembly becomes caught,
snagged, or otherwise prevented from
normal motion by adjacent structures or
other obstacles such that control reversal
does not free the platform, all personnel
shall be removed from the platform/basket
before attempts are made to free the
platform using lower controls.
(28) Vacating (or entering) an elevated aerial
platform. If permitted by the
manufacturer, personnel shall only vacate
or enter a raised aerial platform by
following the guidelines and instructions
41
provided by the manufacturer
(remanufacturer).
(29) Modifications. Modification or alteration
of an aerial platform or the fabrication and
attaching of frameworks or the mounting of
attachments for holding tools or materials
onto the platform or the guardrail system
shall only be accomplished with the prior
written permission of the manufacturer
(remanufacturer). Should the manufacturer
(remanufacturer) no longer exist, a
qualified person may approve such
modifications. All modifications shall
meet the applicable manufacturer’s
requirements as specified in Section 4
(Responsibilities of Manufacturers) of this
standard.
(30) Assistance to the operator. If an operator
encounters any suspected malfunction of
the aerial platform, or any hazard or
potentially unsafe condition relating to
capacity, intended use or safe operation of
the aerial platform, the operator shall cease
operation of the aerial platform and request
further information from the user.
(31) Problem(s) or malfunction(s). Any
problems or malfunctions that affect the
safety of operations shall be repaired prior
to the use of the aerial platform.
(32) Carrying materials (larger than the
platform.) The operator shall ensure only
tools and materials which are evenly
distributed and can be safely handled by a
person(s) working from the platform, shall
be transported.
(33) Rated horizontal force. The operator
shall not permit personnel on the platform
to exceed the manufacturer’s
(remanufacturer’s) rated horizontal force.
(34) Bridge cranes. When an aerial platform is
to operate within the area of travel of a
bridge crane or similar equipment, steps
shall be taken to prevent a collision with
the aerial platform.
(35) Adequate support requirements. The
operator shall ensure the support surface
is adequate for the aerial platform and the
load carried.
(36) Leveling the aerial platform. Outriggers
and leveling devices supplied by the
manufacturer shall be utilized to level the
aerial platform when provided.
(37) Protecting against unauthorized use. The
operator shall not use, rent, lease, or
provide the aerial platform for any form of
beneficial use to another entity without the
authorization of the user.
8.11 Record of training. When provided or
when obtained upon the operator’s request, proof of
training provided by the training entity should be
retained by the operator. Records shall contain the
following information:
(1) Name of trainee
(2) Name of entity providing training or
retraining
(3) Name of trainer(s)
(4) Clear identification that training covered
Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted
Vertical Lift Devices
(5) Date of training
8.12 Provision for passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the operator is responsible
for compliance with applicable use standards.
9. Responsibilities of Lessors
9.1 Basic principles. Sound principles of safety,
training, inspection, maintenance, application, and
operation consistent with all data available regarding
the parameters of intended use and expected
environment shall be applied in the performance of
responsibilities of lessors with due consideration of
the knowledge that the aerial platform will be
carrying personnel.
9.2 Lessor as a dealer. When a lessor is a
dealer for the manufacturer of the aerial platform
being leased, the lessor shall have the
responsibilities of dealers as specified in Section 5 of
this standard.
9.3 Lessor as an owner. When a lessor is the
owner of the aerial platform being leased, the lessor
42
shall have the responsibilities of owners as specified
in Section 6 of this standard.
9.4 Lessor as a user. When a lessor is the user
of the aerial platform, the lessor shall have the
responsibilities of users as specified in Section 7 of
this standard.
9.5 Lessor as an operator. When a lessor is the
operator of the aerial platform, the lessor shall have
the responsibilities of operators as specified in
Section 8 of this standard.
9.6 Provision for passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the lessor is responsible for
compliance with applicable use standards.
10. Responsibilities of Lessees
10.1 Basic principles. Sound principles of safety,
training, inspection, maintenance, application, and
operation consistent with all data available regarding
the parameters of intended use and expected
environment shall be applied in the performance of
responsibilities of lessees with due consideration of
the knowledge that the aerial platform will be
carrying personnel.
10.2 Lessee as a dealer. When a lessee is also
the dealer for the manufacturer (remanufacturer) of
the aerial platform, the lessee shall have the
responsibilities of dealers as specified in Section 5 of
this standard.
10.3. Lessee as an Owner. When a lessee is the
owner of the aerial platform, the lessee shall have
the responsibilities of owners as specified in Section
6 of this standard.
10.4 Lessee as a User. When a lessee is the user
of the aerial platform, the lessee shall have the
responsibilities of users as specified in Section 7 of
this standard.
10.5 Lessee as an Operator. When a lessee is
the operator of the aerial platform, the lessee shall
have the responsibilities of operators as specified in
Section 8 of this standard.
10.6 Provision for passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the lessee is responsible for
compliance with applicable use standards.
11. Responsibilities of Broker
11.1 Responsibilities upon sale. The broker
shall:
(1) Upon delivery, ensure the operating and
maintenance manuals are provided to the
new owner.
(2) Upon delivery, provide a copy of the
current Manual of Responsibilities for
Dealers, Operators, Users, Lessors,
Lessees, and Brokers of Airline Ground
Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift
Devices to the new owner.
(3) Maintain records of the sale for a minimum
of four (4) years.
11.2 Responsibilities with re-rents, leases, or
any other form of beneficial use. When
compensation is received as a result of a re-rent,
lease or any form of beneficial use of an aerial
platform, the broker shall:
(1) Upon delivery, ensure the operating and
maintenance manuals are provided to the
user.
(2) Upon delivery, provide a copy of the
current Manual of Responsibilities for
Dealers, Operators, Users, Lessors,
Lessees, and Brokers of Airline Ground
Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift
Devices.
(3) Ensure operating personnel are familiarized
with the aerial platform prior to use.
(4) Retain records of the transaction for a
minimum of four (4) years.
11.3 Provision for passengers. If the vehicle is
specifically designed to accommodate passengers as
defined in this standard, the broker is responsible for
compliance with applicable use standards.
43
Figure 1
44
Figure 2
45
46
American National Standards for Aerial Work Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.2 Vehicle-Mounted Elevating and Rotating Aerial Devices
ANSI/SIA A92.3 Manually Propelled Elevating Aerial Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.5 Boom-Supported Elevating Work Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.6 Self -Propelled Elevating Work Platforms
ANSI/SAIA A92.7 Airline Ground Support Vehicle-Mounted Vertical Lift Devices
ANSI/SIA A92.8 Vehicle-Mounted Bridge Inspection and Maintenance Devices
ANSI/SIA A92.9 Mast-Climbing Work Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92.10 Transport Platforms
ANSI/SIA A92 Standards are under continual development. Contact the Scaffold & Access
Industry Association for the current updated information.
Scaffold & Access Industry Association, Inc.
The Voice of the Scaffold and Access Industry
400 Admiral Boulevard
Kansas City, MO 64106
Phone: 816-595-4860
Fax: 816-472-7765
Email: info@saiaonline.org
Web: www.saiaonline.org