GEOG3025 Census and administrative data 1: Sources and methods.

transcript

GEOG3025

Census and administrative data

1: Sources and methods

GEOG3025

Census and administrative data

• Lecture overviewObjectives of lecture

Social data entities

Social data sources

Questions

Census and administrative data sources and processing

Lecture summary

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Objectives

• Understand the variety of social entities in which we may be interested

• Recognise the key data sources and their characteristics

• Understand the processes by which these data sources are processed to create data outputs

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Social data entities

• What is the elemental information unit in which we are interested?– Neighbourhood (definitional issues)– Dwelling unit– Household– Person– Event (e.g. birth, death, hospital admission,

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Attribute detail

Ease of access

Level of aggregation

Censuses

Surveys

Admin records

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Administrative records

• Population registers (esp. Scandinavia)• Registers maintained for the purposes of

delivering a service– Driven by specific organisational needs

• Few attribute details unless maintained as statistical register, but timely

• Aggregated for output, but not at source

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Population censuses

• Aggregate data but available for small areas

• High coverage rates but limitations of census questions (health, income, etc.)

• Cross-tabulated to full range of socioeconomic characteristics

• Infrequent (decennial) • Multiple data outputs

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Social survey data

• Even largest surveys cover only small proportion of population– Sampling error and small number problems

• Advantage of timeliness• Geographical coverage difficulties• Potentially high levels of attribute

detail and cross-tabulation possible

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Introductory questions…

What do we mean by ‘administrative’ data?

How do the census questionnaire responses become data?

Are the data

reliable anyway?

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Administrative sources• Population register (Netherlands,

Denmark, etc.)• National health service register (NHSCR)• Electoral register• Council tax register• Hospital episodes system (HES)• Inland revenue database• Customer databases (loyalty cards, etc.)

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LA register extractUPRN RV TYPE ADDRESS FIELDS

N’hood (3)

Street (4)

Num (4)

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Neighbourhood Statistics

• Government departments contributing datasets derived from administrative records

• Aggregating initially to 1998 wards, soon to be super output areas (SOAs)

• Varying levels of SOA reflect sensitivity of different administrative datasets

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Neighbourhood Statistics

The 2001 census process…• Address pre-listing• Enumeration• Census 29 April 2001• Collection of forms• Scanning of forms and

creation of database• Census Coverage Survey• One Number Census

processing• Output creation

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Address listing

Enumerator’s map

Census field force

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Collection and OCR

• Post-back of majority of forms• Enumerators concentrate on

forms not returned• OCR at single processing centre• Creation of database for

checking and correction by census organisations

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Census Coverage Survey

• Recognition of inevitable undercount

• Coverage survey of 300,000 households 4-8 weeks after census

• Intensive enumeration with no address pre-listing

• Stratified sample of postcodes – by LAD and hard-to-count index

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One Number Census• Dual system estimator: attempts to

match census and CCS responses• Assess probabilities of being• Imputation of missing households

and missing individuals within households

• Modification of census database to produce ‘one number’ outputs

• Cross-check against admin sources

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Assignment 4

• Work through CHCC unit 1 ‘A quick introduction to the census’ and unit 4 ‘Census 2001: the enumeration process’

• Use NeSS to locate information about your chosen neighbourhood and retrieve attributes that particularly characterise that area

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Lecture summary

• Objects of interest• Administrative, census and survey

sources– Admin and censuses for neighbourhoods

• Administrative sources– Development of NeSS

• Census data processing

GEOG3025 Census and administrative data 1: Sources and methods.

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