Post on 18-Jan-2016
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GEOS-CHEM GLOBAL 3-D MODEL OF TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
• Assimilated NASA/DAO meteorological observations for 1988-2001
• 1ox1o to 4ox5o horizontal resolution, 20-48 vertical layers
• Applied to simulations of O3, aerosols, precursors, other species in different regions of the world
• 120 chemical species to describe tropospheric O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry; aerosol effects on chemistry, radiation
MODEL EVALUATION OF TRANSATLANTIC TRANSPORT OF OZONE AND PRECURSORS: 1993-1997
[Li et al., 2001]
MODEL EVALUATION WITH 1997 OZONESONDES
Bermuda,April
Keflavik,August
Sable Island,September
observations
model
MODEL EVALUATION WITH NARE 1997 AIRCRAFT DATA (NORTHWEST ATLANTIC)
Sep.13:cleanday
Sep.16:U.S.outflowday
observations model
CO O3 NOy NO
MODEL EVALUATION WITH ACSOE 1997AIRCRAFT DATA (NORTHEAST ATLANTIC)
Clean day
Europeanoutflow day
CO O3
ORIGIN OF OZONE AT BERMUDA IN SPRING:production over U.S. is dominant source
ENHANCEMENTS OF SURFACE OZONE IN NORTH AMERICA AND EUROPE DUE TO ANTHROPOGENIC
EMISSIONS IN THE OTHER CONTINENT
N.American influenceon Europe
European influenceon N. America
GEOS-CHEM model results, July 1997
FUTURE RESEARCH NEEDS BETTER COUPLING OF 3-D MODELS AND OBSERVATIONS
3-D CHEMICAL TRANSPORT
MODELS
INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT OF POLLUTIONOF POLLUTION
SATELLITE OBSERVATIONSGlobal and continuous but few species, low resolution
AIRCRAFT OBSERVATIONSHigh resolution, targeted flights
provide critical snapshots for model testing
SURFACE OBSERVATIONShigh resolution but spatially limited
Source/sinkinventories
Assimilated meteorological
data
Chemical and aerosolprocesses
TROPOSPHERIC NO2 FROM GOME (July 1996):mapping of NOx emissions [Martin et al., 2001]
Scattering AMF using local shape factors from the GEOS-CHEM model andaccounting for local cloud information (fraction, top, optical depth)
GEOS-CHEM global3-D model with GEIAinventory for NOx (scaled to 1996)
FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS FROM GOME (July 1996):mapping of isoprene emissions [Palmer et al., 2001]
MOPITT validationduring TRACE-P:40N, 132W
0226 at 2005Z; double spiralbracketing in time the MOPITToverpass. Solid stratus deckwith tops at 3.5Kft, otherwiseclear sky. Layer at 4-7 km is agedAsian pollution.
DC-8 CO data(Sachse)
0 50 100 150 200 250 300CO (ppbv)
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
AscentDescent
MOPITTobservationsof CO
CONVERGENCE OF SCALES FOR AIR QUALITY AND CLIMATE RESEARCH
AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
urban regional continental intercontinental global
CLIMATE RESEARCH
Let’s take advantage of synergistic opportunities!
• Quantify the export of radiatively and chemically
important trace gases and aerosols from North
America
• Relate these exports to surface sources and sinks
and to continental boundary layer chemistry
INTERCONTINENTAL TRANSPORT EXPERIMENT – NORTH AMERICA (INTEX-NA)
NASA/GTE two-aircraft mission for summer 2004based in Maine, Wisconsin, California
OBJECTIVES:
Coordinated with:• North American Carbon Cycle (NACC)• NOAA New England pollution study• European research programs
INTEX MISSION DESIGN
P-3
DC-8
Outflow
PACIFIC ATLANTICNORTH AMERICA
Emissions/Deposition
Inflow
3-D chemical models:forecasts/analyses
DC-8
Satellite datafor gases/aerosols(near real-time)
Surfacesites