GIS in Efficient Fire Disaster Management Planning and Emergency Response: A Case Study of Nyeri

Municipality

Presenters

Grace Rebecca ADUVUKHA and Moses Murimi NGIGI

Institution

Dedan Kimathi University of Technology(Nyeri, Kenya)

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Fire emergencies and disasters have claimed lots of lives, property and the environment in the long run.

112 fire incidences have been recorded by the Nyeri Fire Department with 51% occurring in the Nyeri CBD.

Causes of the severe loses include;

Road congestion due to poor town planning

Poor roads

Poor building layout

Inadequate fire fighting facilities e. g fire hydrants, fire extinguishers

Unstrategically placed fire fighting facilities hence not easily accessed.

Poor public awareness on how to immediately respond to such

occurrences. GIS and mapping can address the challenges and reduce the

losses from fire disasters14/09/2015 2

General;- To create a GIS for fire disaster management

planning and emergency response system in Nyeri Municipality

Specific;- To map the existing fire station and external

fire hydrants within Nyeri Municipality. To establish suitable locations for new fire

hydrants and fire stations in Nyeri Municipality.

To determine the optimum route to be used by the various response teams to and from a simulated emergency site.

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. Nyeri Municipality is located between 0000 00’ 00’’S and 0000 42’ 00’’S and 3600 40’ 00’’E and 3700 20

‘00’’E. It covers approximately 183.10squares kilometers and with a population of 135,952 people. It has one fire station and 29 external fire hydrants, 12 of which are functional. Over 51 cases of fire have been recorded since January 2014 to date14/09/2015 4

GPS data ( fire hydrants, fire

stations)

Scanned Nyeri/Karatina Topo

map

Other data ( DEM, population, land use,

administrative boundaries ,water mains)

Data collection

Data capturing and editing ( digitizing and cleaning layers)

Geodatabase design ( Create layers e g roads and stores other

data

Data integration in Arc GIS

Data analysis ( suitability analysis, route analysis, proximity analysis)

Map of existing fire station and fire hydrants and suitability sites for additional fire hydrants and fire station)

Results

Data harmonization(georeferencing and map projection)GPS data download and

processing.

Problem identification

Data identification and their sources

5Optimum route analysis map

Sharing Online.

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Data Source Scale/Resolution

Nyeri- Karatina topographical map

Nyeri County Department of Survey. 1:50000

Roads Digitized from Nyeri- Karatina topographical map

Hospitals Digitized from Nyeri- Karatina topographical map

Police Posts Digitized from Nyeri- Karatina topographical map

Existing fire station Collected with GPS

Existing fire hydrants Collected with GPS

Population KNBS

DEM USGS GLOVIS 30m

Markets Digitized from Nyeri- Karatina topographical map

Schools Digitized from Nyeri- Karatina topographical map

Questionnaire Nyeri Fire Brigade

Factories Digitized from Nyeri- Karatina topographical map

Water Mains NYEWASCO

Fire Hydrant_ID

Geometry Shape

Latitude Longitude Location Status Accessibility

FH_1 Point -0.4215 36.9508 Catholic Book Shop

Functional Good

FH_2 Point -0.4217 36.9482 StandardChartered

Functional Good

FH_3 Point -0.4246 36.9547 Lower Bus terminus

Non-Functional

Obstructed

FH_4 Point -0.4249 36.9525 2nk Petrol Station Functional Good

FH_5 Point -0.4225 36.9492 KCB Non-Functional

Obstructed

FH_6 Point -0.4286 36.9349 Mt. Kenya Hospital

Functional Good

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a) Parameters used in this analysis were nearness to markets, schools, factories, existing fire hydrants, roads and water mains

b) Map showing proposed fire hydrants sites locations

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Parameters used were nearness to roads, existing fire stations, market centers, towns , population and slope

Slope analysis was carried out to ensure that the additional fire station sites were placed on areas that have a slope of less than 12%.14/09/2015 10

The additional fire station sites were found to be in Kiganjo town and Mutathiini Sub-location.

a) Fire Stations To Incident Routes b) Closest Fire Station to Incident Route

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a) Incident To Hospital Routes b) Incident To Closest Hospital Route

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a) This shows the areas in terms of sub-locations that the respective fire stations can cover in 3 minutes, with the fire engines moving at a maximum speed of 112Km/hr.

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b) ArcGIS Online Platform was used in this to show various layers for fire emergency response that were uploaded.

Conclusion

The existing fire stations and existing external fire hydrants have been successfully mapped and a geodatabase of them created.

Analysis of suitable sites of additional fire stations and external fire hydrants was carried out.

Optimum route to be used by various emergency response teams were analyzed and displayed.

Recommendations

Interactive GIS maps should be prepared to enhance real time emergency response.

Records of fire drilling exercises conducted in various areas in Nyeri Municipality should be updated on fire department geodatabase and maps of such shown.

Fire prone areas should also be exhaustively mapped and updated.

External fire hydrants should have proper signage.

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Any Questions

Or

Comments?

THANK YOU!!!

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