Presented By:

Deepak Kumar

Environmental Science

C.C.S. University Meerut

Email id: deepak.environment2009@gmail.com

Gradual rise in atmosphere & ground surface

or lower atmosphere temperature ie.

Troposphere & consequent change in global

radiation balance.

As a result of enhanced greenhouse effect

increase in the mean temperature of earth’s

lower atmosphere.

incoming outgoing

78% nitrogen 20.6% oxygen < 1% argon 0.4% water vapor 0.036% carbon dioxide traces gases: Ne, He, Kr, H, O3

Methane, Nitrous Oxide

Composition of Atmosphere

Carbon Dioxide (387PPM) Source: Fossil fuel burning, deforestation

Anthropogenic increase: 30%

Average atmospheric residence time: 500 years

Methane (1750 PPb) Source: Rice cultivation, cattle & sheep ranching,

decay from landfills, mining

Anthropogenic increase: 145%

Average atmospheric residence time: 7-10 years

Nitrous oxide (320 PPb) Source: Industry and agriculture (fertilizers)

Anthropogenic increase: 15%

Average atmospheric residence time: 140-190 years

CFC’s (Chloroflouro carbons 290 PPt)

Sources: Refrigeration units, Air-conditioning,

aerosol spray cans, solvent etc.

Anthropogenic increase 4%/year

Residence time 22-102 years

Contribution of GHG's to

Global Warming(%)

60%20%

14%

6%

CO2

CH4

CFC's

N2O

Relative Contribution of Human

activities in Global Warming

49%

24%

14%

13%

Burning of fossils fuel

Industrial process

Deforestation

Agriculture

Elevated Temperature of Biosphere - Melting of Polar Ice Cap - Rise in Sea level Climate Change - Changing weather Pattern - High precipitation during shorter period Ecosystem Destruction - Coral bleaching etc. Crop Yield Human Health

Effects

Effects

Rainfall in Mumbai (India) 2005 1 million people lost their homes

Effects

Regions where major coral reef bleaching events have taken place during the past 15 years Yellow spots indicate major bleaching events

Effects

Effects of Hurricane Katrina 2005 in USA

Alternative source of energy

Generation of Carbon Sink

Carbon Trading

Imposing Carbon Tax

UNFCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)

Stabilize atmospheric concentration of GHG’s at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with climate system.

Kyoto Protocol (Japan)

It is an agreement for the reduction of GHG’s and CFC’s emissions by the nations.

Increasing human population play important role to increasing levels of GHG’s emission.

Increasing concentration of GHG’s gases may lead to more severe catastrophes than earlier.

Today’s demand to take action to reduce the emission of GHG’s at the global level. If it couldn't implemented, it will be a question for forever

Is life exist in future?

Environmental Science By;

S.C Santra

IPCC 4th Assessment Report 2007