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transcript
Going HomeGoing Home
Pete Hamill
Lesson Two
Part One: Warm-up
Part Two: Background InformationPart Three:
Text Appreciation (Key Points)
Part Four: Language Study (Difficult Points)
Part Five: Resource Extension
Lesson Two
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Part One Part One Warm-upWarm-up
I. Warm-up questionsI. Warm-up questions
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1. When you feel frustrated what do you want to do? where do you want to go?
2. Do you think going home is magic?
I. Warm-up questionsI. Warm-up questions
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3. What do you think Vingo had done that got him in prison?
4. What kind of person do you think his wife was? Why didn't she write to Vingo?
I. Warm-up questionsI. Warm-up questions
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I. Author
II. Florida
III. New Jersey
IV. New York
V. Georgia
Part Two Part Two Background InformationBackground Information
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Pete Hamill was born in Brooklyn, N. Y. in 1935. He attended Mexico City College in 1956—1957, studying painting and writing. He has been a columnist for the New York Post, the Daily News, and New York Newsday, and has won many journalistic awards.
I.I. Author Author
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Florida is one of the leading tourist states in the United States. Great stretches of sandy beaches and a warm, sunny climate make Florida a year-round vacationland. Major attractions include Disney World, Miami Beach, the Everglades National Park and the Florida Keys.
II. Florida: II. Florida: the "Sunshine State" (FL)
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III. New Jersey : the "Garden State" (NJ)
New Jersey is a state of industrial cities and towns, but also of glistening beaches and popular summer resorts. It is one of the great coastal playgrounds of the United States. Atlantic City is one of the most well-known resorts.
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IV. New York: the "Empire State" (NY ) )
The Dutch were the first settlers in New York. After the English took it over in the 1660s, the colony was renamed New York, after the Duke of York. The state includes everything from skyscrapers in Manhattan to rivers, mountains, and lakes in upstate New York. Niagara Falls is one of the chief attractions.
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V.Georgia: the "Empire State of the South" (GA)
Georgia, founded in 1732, is one of the original 13 states. It was named in honor of England's King George II. Georgia is the largest state east of the Mississippi; the state's large size and thriving industries have given it one of its nicknames, the Empire State of the South.
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Part ThreePart Three Text AppreciationText Appreciation
I. Text Analysis 1. General Analysis2. Theme3. Structure4. Further Discussion
II. Writing Devices 1. Syntactic Devices 2. Simile 3. Alliteration 4. Symbolism
III. Sentence Paraphrase
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Main idea: an ex-con on his way home
Setting: on a bus from New York to Florida
Protagonists: Vingo
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Theme
1. The ability to forgive and forget is important in all human relationships.
2. Mutual care and affection among people, esp. among strangers are important, too.
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Part 1 (paras. 1— ) :
Part 2 (paras. ) :
Part 3 (paras. ) :
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Structure of the Text
4
5—9
10—12
The introduction of the setting and the characters
Vingo's story of going home and the young people's interest in it
The surprisingly big welcome Vingo received
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
• Mutual care and love
strangers: mutual care and synpathy
husband and wife: forgiveness and love
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I. I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Character Analysis
main character: Vingo, shy,silent, nervous,worried…
minor characters: six young people, active, talkative,happy,considerate…
hidden character: Vingo's wife, wonderful,kind-hearted,broad-minded…
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Plot Analysis
the beginning: (Paras. 1—4)
Vingo was sitting quietly on a bus. His silence and stillness posed a striking contrast to the liveliness and hilarity of the young people behind him. He became the center of our interest. This opening scene creates a mystery about the protagonist, making us look forward to something more.
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Plot Analysis
the middle: (Paras. 5—10)
One of the girls tried to draw Vingo out. Vingo began to relate his story. Who he was, where he was going and what this journey was for, all the mysteries about the protagonist were gradually revealed.
As the plot evolves it arouses our expectations about what will happen to Vingo. Will he be forgiven or will he go on his journey? We readers are kept in suspense. Our interest is still held by the development of the plot.
The exposition of the essential matter
is managed by flashbacks (the
confession of the protagonist).
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Plot Analysis
the end: (Paras. 11—12)
When the bus was approaching the expected great oak tree, Vingo was surprised to see hundreds of yellow ribbons blowing and billowing in the wind. He happily knew he was finally forgiven and welcomed home.
The resolution, the outcome of the plot, turns out to be a pleasant surprise. We feel satisfied. The plot ends happily and the intended emotional effects are thus achieved.
Finally the mystery is solved and the suspense is removed. We should say the
plot is successfully complete.
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Conflict Analysis
Plot usually deals with a conflict. What is the conflict of the story?
The conflict lies in the inner struggle of the protagonist. On the one hand, Vingo was anxious to go home, to see the old oak tree. But on the other hand, he was afraid to do so for fear that his wife wouldn't forgive him. That would be too much for him to bear if the case turned out to be so. That's why he was silent, nervous and "chewing the inside of his lip a lot".
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Conflict Analysis
As the plot evolved, the conflict became all the more conspicuous and heart-gripping. The bus was first 20 miles from his home, then 10 miles, and then 5 miles… Vingo "stopped looking, tightening his face into the ex-con's mask, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment". Vingo tried hard to appear calm, but what was rolling in his heart? Nervousness and uncertainty. He had already prepared himself for a disappointment. But the other six young people were all excitedly involved in it. We readers are also kept in suspense and wondering.
Comparison and contrast are
used here in portraying this
conflict.
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I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Conflict Analysis
The oak tree was approaching. The bus became quiet. But Vingo's heart was pounding wildly. "To go or to stay" , this long struggling and torturing question would find its answer now. Suddenly the young people burst into shouting and crying. But Vingo remained unmoved. He sat there stunned, looking at the oak tree covered with hundreds of yellow ribbons through his misty eyes. He felt relieved to know he was finally forgiven by his wife. So do our readers. The conflict ends in a pleasant surprise, bringing an immense emotional impact on us. With the settlement of the conflict, the story comes to its end..
Here comes
the climax of
the story.
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I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisQuestion:
What can we learn from the opening paragraph?
The opening paragraph
• introduce the characters of the story
(protagonist: Vingo, minor characters: three boys and three girls);
• indicate the overall setting of the story
(time: spring; place: a bus from New York to Florida);
• tell the event of the story
(Vingo was on the bus going somewhere);
• set the tone of narration
(narrative of third person omniscient).
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I.I. Text AnalysisText AnalysisQuestion:
What can be inferred from the second paragraph?
This paragraph devotes much to the description of the protagonist, from his outlook to his disposition, presenting us a sketch of the protagonist's character.
Vingo was rough, caring little about details. And he was reserved, keeping to himself. He smoked a lot and retreated into silence often. He was also as mysterious as his masked age. All these create an atmosphere of mystery and present us a man of story.
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How did the young people get to know Vingo?
What was Vingo's story?
What did Vingo say to his wife in his second letter?
How did the young people feel when they heard the story?
How did Vingo feel when the bus was approaching Brunswick?
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Discussion
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What happened as the bus passed the town?
Why do you think Vingo's wife tied so many ribbons on the tree?
What was Vingo's response to the sight of the oak tree covered with yellow ribbons?
Do you find this a touching story? Why?
What would happen after Vingo went home? Now use your imagination and continue the story.
I.I. Text AnalysisText Analysis
Discussion
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Lesson 2 – Going Home
II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
Syntactic Devices
To be continued on the next page.
1. They were dreaming of golden beaches and sea tides…
2. … the young people… waiting for the approach of the great oak tree…
3. … all of the young people… screaming and shouting and crying, doing small dances, shaking clenched fists...
Question:
When it comes to young people, the author tends to use a lot of present participles. What is the intended effect?
To indicate the liveliness and hilarity of the young people.
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II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
4. He sat in front of the young people, … dressed in a plain brown suit…
5. His finger were stained from cigarettes…
6. Vingo sat there stunned.
Question:When it comes to Vingo, the author tends to use past participles. What is the intended effect?
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II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
Simile
…a tree that stood like a banner of welcome… (Para. 12)
Simile: an explicit comparison between two things of different kind or quality, usually introduced by like or as, or other simile markers like "as if, as though, as… as, (just) as… so, similar to, bear a resemblance to", etc.
simile
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Lesson 2 – Going Home
II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
Like March, having come in like a lion, he purposed to go out like a lamb. (C. Bronte, Shirley)
Life is poetically compared to the morning dew.
Just as fire tests gold, so does adversity test courage.
Many retirees are couch potatoes who like popping cold beers and relaxing in front of their $2,500 wide-screen, high definition television set. Its big picture will be as rich and detailed as a 35-millimeter photograph.
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II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
Alliteration
Alliteration: the use of words that begin with the same sound in order to make a special effect
alliteration
…a tree that stood like a banner of welcome, blowing and billowing in the wind. (Para. 12)
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II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
Predictably the winter will be snowy, sleety and slushy.
Wild Mushrooms: Mysterious-Menacing-Magnificent.
Whereat with blade, with bloody, blameful blade, he bravely broach’d his boiling bloody breast. (A Midsummer’s Night’s Dream)
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II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
Symbolism
Yellow ribbon symbolizes forgiveness and welcome to someone long lost.
symbol
I told her if she would take me back, she would tie a yellow ribbon to the tree, and I would get off and come home.
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II.II. Writing DevicesWriting Devices
Do you know what they symbolize? red rose
balance (scale)
bat
owl
pine tree/crane
crucifix
true love
justice
vampire (Western), luck (Chinese)
wisdom/education (Western)
longevity (Chinese)
Christianity
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 1Sentence Paraphrase 1He sat in front of the young people, his
dusty face masking his age, dressed in a
plain brown suit that did not fit him. (Para.
2)
He sat in front of the young people. You could hardly tell how old he was because his face was covered with dust.
absolute construction, acting as an adverbial of accompanying circumstances
go to 2
past participle phrase to tell more about "he"
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 2Sentence Paraphrase 2He sat in complete silence and seemed completely unaware of the existence of the others. (Para. 2)
not knowing or realizing that sth. is happening or that sth. exists
in+n.: to show a state or condition
go to 3
He sat without saying anything as if he did not know there were other people around.
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 3Sentence Paraphrase 3 You going that far? (Para. 4)
Want some wine? (Para. 4)
Are you going as far as Florida?Do you want some wine?/Would you like to have some wine?
elliptical sentences, common in conversation
go to 4
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 4Sentence Paraphrase 4 The girl insisted that he join them. (Para. 5)
subjunctive mood, "should" is dropped out
After the verbs expressing a command, decision, suggestion, such as decide, decree, demand, insist, move, order, prefer, propose, recommend, request, require, suggest, vote, advise, determine, desire, resolve, urge, etc, in that-clause we usu. use subjunctive mood “(should) do sth.”.
demand that sth. should happen
go to 5
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III.III. Sentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase
1.It was recommended that passengers ____ smoke during the flight.
a. not b. need not c. could not d. would not (TEM-4, 1994)
2. Mike's uncle insists ____ in this hotel. a. staying not b. that he would not stay c. not to stay d. that he not stay (CET-4, 2001, 1)
keys
a, d
back to 4
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 5Sentence Paraphrase 5
I understand if you can't stay married to me. (Para. 7)
go to 6
euphemism
indirect way to say "divorce"
If you want to divorce me, I'll understand—you have every reason to do so.
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III.III. Sentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase 6 6... Soon all of them were caught up in the approach of Brunswick, looking at the pictures Vingo showed them of his wife and three children. (Para. 7)
… all the young people became excited and deeply interested in Vingo's story and in what was going to happen at Brunswick as they were looking at the pictures…
restrictive clause modifying "pictures"
go to 7
became involved in or excited at
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 7Sentence Paraphrase 7
Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face into the ex-con's mask, as if fortifying himself against still another disappointment. (Para. 10)
Vingo moved his eyes away from the window, and his face again became expressionless as if he was trying to find the courage to face another possible blow, another disappointment in his life.
gerund as object
go to 8
present participle phrase. Here "he was/were" is omitted after "as if".
to show a change in state
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III.III. Sentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase
1. He gave out a terrible cry, as if seeing a ghost.
2. Tim spoke very slowly, as if fearing to be heard.
3. "It is," he said quietly, as if remembering something he had tried to forget. (Para. 4)
back to 7
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 8Sentence Paraphrase 8
Then suddenly all of the young people were up out
of their seats, screaming and shouting and crying,
doing small dances, shaking clenched fists in
triumph and exaltation. All except Vingo. (Para.
11)
great happiness
Then all of a sudden, all the young people left their seats and began doing all sorts of things they could think of to express their happiness and excitement. Vingo alone remained still.
present participles functioning as accompanying circumstances
go to 9
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III.III. Sentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase
1. He ran up to her, breathing heavily.
2. The old man was fast asleep, holding a book
in his hand.
3. Vingo sat there, looking at the oak tree
through his misty eyes. (Para. 12)
back to 8
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 9Sentence Paraphrase 9
Vingo sat there stunned,
looking at the oak tree through his misty
eyes. (Para. 12)
Vingo sat still; he was utterly surprised,
looking at the oak tree through tearful eyes.
go to 10
present participle functioning as accompanying circumstances
past participle functioning as accompanying circumstances
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III.III. Sentence ParaphraseSentence Paraphrase
1. I made a leisurely round of the town, fascinated by the construction going on everywhere.
2. He went to Beijing in that winter, disguised as a merchant.
3. United as one, they are training hard for next year's world championship.
back to 9
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III.III. Sentence Paraphrase 10Sentence Paraphrase 10
… a tree that stood like a banner of
welcome, blowing and billowing in the
wind. (Para. 12)
… a tree that looked like a banner of welcome, rising and rolling in waves in the wind.
alliteration: rising and rolling in wavessimile
restrictive clause modifying "tree"
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I. Word Study
II. Phrases and Expressions
III.Word Building
IV. Grammar
Part FourPart Four Language Language StudyStudy
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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyWord list:
1. vanish
2. stain
3. stand
4. something
5. approach
6. scream
7. triumph
8. exaltation
9. stun
10. misty
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study1. vanish
v. to disappear suddenly, esp. in a way that cannot easily be explained
Examples:
I turned around again, the boy had vanished.
It is a bad idea to let Tom Cruise vanish for
almost an hour in the middle of his picture.
Many species in South America have
vanished completely.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
vanish from sight
vanish into the void
vanish into thin air
vanish without
trace/vanish off the
face of the earth
消失不见 化为乌有 从人间蒸发掉 消失得无影无踪
Translation
Cf:
varnish
tarnish
furnish
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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyCf. varnish, tarnish, furnish
varnish: to cover with 给 ······ 涂清漆 He varnished the wooden table.
After he fixed the shelf, he varnished
the whole to a high shine.
tarnish: (esp. of metal surfaces) to lose; cause the loss of brightness (尤指金属表面)使失去光泽 The damp atmosphere has tarnished the
gilt.
His reputation is tarnished.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
furnish: to supply or provide; put furniture in
The records furnished the
information required.
The president’s office is
tastefully furnished with modern
furniture.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study2. stain
v. a. to accidentally make a mark on sth. esp. one that cannot be removed
b. to change the color of sth., especially sth.
made of wood, by using a special liquid (Syn. dye)Examples:
This tablecloth stains very easily.
Her fingers were stained yellow from years of
smoking.
Stain the table before you varnish it.
Collocations
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
stain sb.’s name/reputation/honor
stain with
leave a stain
blood/ink/wine stain
a stain on sb.’s character/reputation
remove/get rid of a stain
stubborn stains
Examples
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
A sudden gust of rain dashed against the red bricks that were already stained in patches by water.
Her fingers were stained with dirt, her nail varnish chipped.
How do you get wine stains out of a tablecloth?
There was a dark red stain on the carpet.
Water is a miraculous substance remover; it will remove probably 85 percent of all stains.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study3. stand
v. a. to bear, tolerate b. to be or stay in a particular state or condition c. to be proved to be true, correct, useful, etc. when tested
Classify the
following words into 3 groups according to a, b and c.
can't stand the heat (room)stand idle
stand wear and tear (door)stand open
stand up under close scrutiny
stand up well to cross-checking
a
a b
c
Collocations
b
c
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
can't stand (sb./sth.) doing sth.
can't stand to do sth.
can't stand the sight/thought, etc. of
Examples
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
I can't stand people smoking around me when I'm eating.
She can't stand to hear her parents arguing about her personal affairs.
I know he can't stand the sight of me.
She couldn't stand the thought of losing her children.
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I.I. Word Word StudyStudya music stand
a fruit stand
a stand for taxi
make one’s stand clear
come to a stand
international stand
standing committee/army
standing joke / jest
take/make/mount a stand against sth.
乐谱架 水果摊 出租汽车停车处 表明立场 陷于停顿 国际地位 常务委员会/常备军 老笑话 反抗,抵抗
Translation
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
4. something
n. a thing or a person of some value or
importance
Examples:
He considers himself to be something, but
actually he is nothing.
She thinks she’s something since she won
the beauty contest.
Collocations
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
make something of yourself
be (really/quite) something
there's something in/to something
Examples(= to become successful )
(= spoken used to say that something is very good and impressive)
(= used to admit that someone's words are true or their ideas are successful, etc.)
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
He looked like a man who might be able to
make something of himself if a good woman
took him in hand.
Running your own company at 21 is really
something.
They had to concede that there was
something in his teaching methods.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
v. to move towards or nearer to someone or something
Examples:
I heard footsteps approaching.
Everyone prepared celebrations as the year
2000 approached.
As I approached the forest, a hare ran out of
the trees.
5. approach Word formations
approachable (a.)
approachless
approachability (n.)
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I.I. Word StudyWord StudyHe is hard to approach.
His best approach to the great man lay through a mutual friend.
Researchers are looking for new ways to approach the problem.
他很难接近。
对他说来,要接近那位伟人,最好的办法是通过一个双方都认识的朋友。
研究人员正在寻找新的处理这个问题的方法。
Translation
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study6. scream
v. a. to give a loud, sharp cry or cries as of fear or pain b. to cry sth. in a loud shrill voice
Examples:
As a child, I used to wake up screaming with terror in the middle of the night.
Adam screamed, loud and violent, in his attempt to absorb the pain.
She screamed out that there was a burglar under the bed.
Collocations
let out a scream
a scream of laughter/terror
Synonyms
shriek
yell
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triumphant(a.)
Word formation
I.I. Word StudyWord Study
n. a. [C] an important victory or success after a difficult struggle b. [U] a feeling of pleasure and satisfaction that you get from victory or success Examples:
Winning the scholarship is a great personal triumph.
The Government Commission was established here in triumph, and sank here into obscurity.
A fine sweat was beading his forehead but there was a grin of triumph on his face.
7. triumph
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
8. exaltation
n. a very strong feeling of happiness
Examples:
My depression had lifted and my mood had
changed to exaltation.
Teammates who were strangers before the
party are instantly bonded, and victory is
celebrated with fists-in-the-air exaltation.
Word formations
exalt (v.)
exalted (a.)
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study
9. stun
v. to surprise or upset someone so much that they do not react immediately
Examples: His words stunned her, and she stared at
him in disbelief. Sara was too stunned by what had
happened to say a word. Suminski in love: the idea stuns her.
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I.I. Word StudyWord Study10. misty
a. a. (eyes) full of tears, esp. because you are remembering a time in the past
b. not clear or bright c. (weather) with a lot of mist
Examples:
Toward evening, the weather turned and, as
they approached the dock, the sky was gray
and misty.
He paused, his eyes growing misty.
Without my glasses everything is just a
misty blur.
Synonyms
foggy
hazy
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List:
1. dream of
2. pass through
3. pull into
4. wonder about
5. engage sb. in
6. retreat into
7. forget about
8. come through
9. be caught up in
10. fortify oneself against
11. make one’s way to
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
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to imagine and think about sth. that you would like to happen
Examples:The girl dreamed of becoming a movie star.Some thought it was the breakthrough scientists had dreamed of.He's got the sort of money that you and I can only dream about.
1. dream of/about
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
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to go through a town, etc., perhaps stopping there for a short time, but not staying
Examples:As they passed through the flooded areas, they felt bad. We passed through the gates into a courtyard behind.We were just passing through (= travelling through a place) and thought we'd drop in to see you.
2. pass through
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
Cf: pass (a place)
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II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
pass (a place)
to go past a place without entering
Examples: On her way to work she passed a
supermarket. We passed a group of students outside the
theatre.• I pass the sports centre on the way to work.
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(of a vehicle) to arrive at (a station); move in towards
Examples:
They will pull into the station at 7 sharp.
The train pulled into the station on the stroke of 12.
Let’s pull into the parking lot and have a rest.
3. pull into
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
Opposite
pull out
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II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
pull out
if a train pulls out, it leaves a station
Examples:
The three-thirty is pulling out of platform four.
We got there just as the train was pulling out.
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II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
4. wonder about/at to feel curious about; be doubtful about
Examples:
John says he didn’t do it, but I am still
wondering about that.
Sometimes I wonder about his behaviour.
He wondered at her ability never to reveal
the slightest disquiet in front of her
husband.
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to make sb. take part in sth.
Examples:
She tried to engage her roommate in a philosophical discussion.
They spoke little about life outside the organization despite my efforts to engage them in conversation about it.
They engaged him in a new project.
5. engage sb. in
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
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to yield; move back to
Examples:
The soldiers were ordered to retreat to safer
positions.
At last we forced the enemy to retreat into
the mountains from the town.
More and more she retreated into books.
6. retreat into/to
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
Collocations
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Cf.
retreat into oneself
retreat into one’s shell
retreat into fantasy
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
不与人交往 ,离群索居
变得缄默,不愿与人接触
退避到梦幻世界
Translation
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a. to lose remembrance of; fail to keep in memory; fail to recall
b. to stop thinking or worrying about someone or something
c. not to care about or give attention to someone or something any longer
Examples:She forgot all about their anniversary.Once they have money, some people forget about all their old friends.I'd completely forgotten about our bet until Bill reminded me.
7. forget about
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
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to arrive as expected
Examples:
Has the train come through?
We're still waiting for our exam results to come through.
There is news just coming through of an explosion in a chemical factory.
8. come through
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
“ come” phrases
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II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
Cf.
come about
come across
come down with
come off
come out
come through
come up with
come up to
Cf.
发生,产生
偶然遇见,碰上
得,染上(病)
发生,举行;结果;成功
(书等)出版,发行
胜利,成功;经历 ······ 仍活着
提出,想出
等于,比得上,达到(标准等)
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to be completely absorbed in or get involved in Examples:
I was caught up in conversation with a friend when someone knocked at the door.
I am painfully aware of how we get caught up in our times and become contaminated by our own hypocrisy.
I didn't want to get caught up in endless petty arguments.
9. be/get caught up in
II.II. Phrases and ExpressionsPhrases and Expressions
“ catch” phrases
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II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
Cf.
catch at
catch on
catch up
catch out
catch up with
catch up on
Cf.
拼命抓住
懂得,理解;流行起来
把 ······ 缠住,把 ······ 卷入
发觉(某人)有错误(或做坏事)
赶上,追上
赶完,弥补(耽误的工作等);
(事后)得到关于 ······ 的消息
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Lesson 2 – Going Home
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
10. fortify oneself against
to strengthen (sth. or oneself) so as
to be able to deal with (i.e. an attack)
Examples:
Have some hot ginger soup to fortify yourself against cold.
He fortified himself against the cold with a heavy coat.
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II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
11. make one’s way to
to go forward with difficulty
Examples:
They made their way through the crowd.
I made my way to the center of the town.
The two women made their way into the woods.
“ way” phrases
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II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
1) give way
2) go out of one’s way
3) have a way with
4) learn sth. the hard way
5) the other way about/round
6) by way of
1) 让路,让位,让步
2) 特地,不怕麻烦地
3) 善于处理,有能力对付
4) 经过艰难困苦后学会······
5) 相反地,倒过来
6) 经由,取道
Translation
Thinking ….
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III.III. Word BuildingWord BuildingList:
1. Prefix – ex
2. Root – alt
3. Suffix – en
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III. Word BuildingIII. Word BuildingPrefix----ex-
a. former
b. out of
c. to make… to do…
ex-con ex-wife/husband
exalt export
expel excavate
expurgate ex-mayor/president
extract
a a
a
c
b
c
b
b
b
Classify the following words into 3 groups according to a, b and c.
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III.III. Word BuildingWord Building
exalt exalt
prefix
root ex-to make…, to do…alt-high
altitude
alto
exalt
exaltation
altar
altimeter
altimetry
altocumulus
altostratus
高,高度(音乐)男生最高音提高,举高,提升升高,提高,晋升[一块高地]祭坛测高计,高度表测高法高积云高层云
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(adj.+-en= v. ) to make, cause to be (n.+-en= adj. ) made of (n.+-en=v.) to fill with
Examples:
to tighten (= make or cause to be tight)
to sharpen (= make or cause to be sharp)
golden (= made of gold)
woolen (= made of wool)
to strengthen (= fill with strength)
Suffix-- -en
III.III. Word BuildingWord Building
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IV.IV. GrammarGrammarI. Observe the following sentences, studying
the preposition “in” in each sentence.
Vingo nodded in sleep.
He sat in complete silence.
… all of the young people were up out of their seat, … shaking clenched fists in triumph and exaltation.
… but then some boys began to glance at me in curiosity. (Lesson 1)
Good God! I was in a daze. (Lesson 1)
The preposition “in” is often used to show a state or condition.
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He sat in front of the young people, his dusty face masking his age…
a present participle clause with its subject
II. What is the grammatical structure here?II. What is the grammatical structure here?
IV.IV. GrammarGrammar
absolute construction
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IV. GrammarIV. GrammarWhatWhat is is absolute absolute construction?construction?
More examples
It is essentially a non-finite It is essentially a non-finite
or verbless clause with an or verbless clause with an
expressed subject of its expressed subject of its
own. It is commonly used in own. It is commonly used in
written English.written English.
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Weather permitting, the cricket match will take
place on Wednesday.
IV.IV. GrammarGrammar
Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move.Her shirt caught on a nail, she could not move.
n.+ed participle
A number of official followed the emperor, A number of official followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle.girdle.
n. +ing participle
pron.+infinitives
Types of absolution
construction with a form of verb element
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PartFivePartFive Resource Resource ExtensionExtension
I. Quiz
II. Writing
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I.Quiz 1I.Quiz 1
List:
1. Quiz 1
2. Quiz 2
3. Quiz 3
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I.Quiz 1I.Quiz 1
pass away GRAVE YARD
substandard housing POOR
financially disadvantaged DEATH
solid-waste ecologist FUNERAL
in the family way SLUM
memorial service GARBAGE COLLECTOR
memory garden PREGNANT
Do you know what these euphemistic expressions refer to? Do the match work.
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
1. All plan __ because of the accident, they had to quit.
a. having canceledb. were canceledc. having been canceledd. have been canceled
2. Many ___ drivers have made numbers of traffic accidents since last year.
a. drank b. drunken
c. drunk d. drink
c b
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
3. The special train ___ at 9 sharp.
a. pulled into b. pulled round
c. pulled up d. pulled on
4. Written in great haste, ____.
• a. he made a lot of mistakes in the report
• b. there are plenty of errors in the report
c. we found several mistakes in his letter
d. the book is full of errors
a d
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
5. fire tests gold, so does adversity test courage.
a. Like b. Alikec. As d. Comparing
6. The man’s expression dog staring at a stranger.
a. looked like b. looked as ac. liked d. was like that of a
c d
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
7. Water is to fish ____ atmosphere is to men.
a. that b. so
c. what d. so does
8. It was a cold winter and the wind ____
through the tiny crack in the window.
a. billowed b. bellowed
c. screamed d. whistled
c d
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
9. If you put too many potatoes in the bag, it will ____.
a. separate b. crackc. burst d. collapse
10. I’d like to book a room with a(n) ____of the sea.
a. view b. sightc. outlook d. scenery
c a
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11. With a wave of his band, the magician made
the duck ____.
a. scatter b. vanish
c. abandon d. fly away
12. The article suggests that when a person
___ under unusual stress he should be
especially careful to have a well-balanced diet.
a. is b. were
c. be d. was
I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
b a
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
13. The housemaster requested that we
____ television on week nights.
a. not watch b. must not to watch
c. not be watching d. have not watched
14. I only know the man by ___ but I have never
spoken to him.
a. chance b. heart
c. sight d. experience
a c
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
15. The car was in good working when I
bought it a few months ago.
a. order b. form
c. state d. circumstance
16. The of our trip to London was the
visit
to Buckingham Palace.
a. summit b. height
c. peak d. highlight
a a
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
17. Niagara Falls are a great tourist ____,
drawing millions of visitors every year.
a. attention b. attraction
c. appointment d. arrangement
18. We had a party last month, and it was a lot
of fun, so let’s have ___ one this month.
a. another b. more
c. the other d. other
b a
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I.Quiz 2I.Quiz 2
19. Helen apologized for ____ the party.
a. her not being able to attend
b. her being not able to attend
c. her being able to attend
d. not her being able to attend
20. Tony has not the least ___ of giving up his
research work.
a. intention b. interest
c. wish d. desire
a a
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1. We should save time and cut unnecessary________. (argue)
2. I felt very _______after a match. (thirst)
3. The ____________ rate is on the rise due to the economic recession. (employ)
4. We will postpone your _____________ till next Monday. (appoint)
5. He felt himself quite __________ of her, because she was more excellent than him. (worth)
6. Damp clothes are __________. (health)
I.Quiz 3I.Quiz 3
argument
thirsty
unemployment
appointment
unworthy
unhealthy
Fill out the blanks with the proper form of the given words.
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II.Writing II.Writing
On Forgiveness
1. What is forgiveness?
2. How important is it in our life?
3. How could we learn to forgive?