Grade 10:Architecture

Architecture

Compare the following pairs of architectural structures in the T-charts provided on your note.

Consider the following:

structure, scale, materials,

interior space,

decoration (colour), rhythm, distinctive elements (unique pieces)

Architectural Comparisons

Architectural Comparisons Egyptian Pyramid of Cheops

(Giza 2530 B.C.)

Greek Parthenon

(447 – 432 B.C.)

Architectural Comparisons

Egyptian pyramids Stone, covered in limestone,

and capped in gold Royal tombs Buried riches, etc. for the

afterlife

Greek Parthenon Temple for Athena

Limestone foundations,

marble columns

Golden Ratio (a mathematical equation for measuring size)

statue of Athena that was made of gold and ivory

Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian columns

Architectural Comparisons Romanesque St. Sermin,

Toulouse, France 1080 – 1120 A.D.

Gothic Reims Cathedral, France 1210 A.D.

Architectural ComparisonsRomanesque grand cathedrals Thick stone walls Arches Groin vaults for support Large towers

Gothic Grand cathedrals Pointed arch (pointing to God) Ribbed vault Flying buttresses for support Lots of windows to let in light (Divine

inspiration)

Architectural Comparisons Joseph Paxton’s Crystal Palace,

London, UK 1851

Walter Gropius’ Bauhaus, Dresden, Germany 1928

Architectural ComparisonsCrystal Palace

Built with cast iron and glass

New technology allowed it to use more glass than ever before

Didn't need lights

Built for the Great Exhibition of 1851, an international event to show off new technologies of the Industrial Revolution.

Bauhaus

A German school of crafts and fine arts

This style influenced Modern architecture in its lack of ornamentation and its harmony between the purpose of the building and the design.

Simple design; usefulness was more important than beauty.

Architectural Comparisons

Modernism Less is more! SIMPLICITY Focus on function Lots of glass and metal

(born out of the Industrial Revolution)

Very little ornamentation Smooth faced (don’t even have

window ledges)

Seagram Building, NYC, 1958

Architectural Comparisons

F.L.Wright’s Falling Water, Bear Run, PA 1936

Architectural ComparisonsPostmodernism Less is a bore! Return of “wit, ornament, and reference” Diverse styles (anything goes) – individual

expression! Design for its own sake (not just for function) New ways of viewing familiar structures

Frank Gehry, Concert Hall in L.A.

Rem Koolhaas, CCTV Building, China

Architectural Design

Design your own building for whatever purpose you want. (Keep it appropriate)

Incorporate 2 characteristics from the architectural periods that we’ve studied.

Draw your building using 2 - Point Perspective.

One-Point Perspective

Creates the illusion of deep space.

The illusion is created by using a vanishing point & guidelines.

Either lines are vertical or they connect to your vanishing point.

One-Point Perspective: Example

Two-Point Perspective

Creates the illusion of deep space that starts at a corner.

The illusion is created by using two vanishing points & guidelines.

Either lines are vertical or they connect to one of your vanishing points.

Demo (lines on the right side right v.p. lines on the left side left v.p.)

Two-Point Perspective: Examples

M. C. Escher www.ssheltonimages.com