GradeCertificated Staffing Total Staffing 4.18**.38** 8.46**.59** 11.70**.79** 2 **p

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Grade Certificated Staffing

Total Staffing

4 .18** .38**8 .46** .59**

11 .70** .79**

2

**p <.001

Trend: As staffing increases, so do library services

Source: Achterman, D. (2008). Haves, halves and have-nots: School libraries and student achievement. Doctoral dissertation. University of North Texas, Denton.

Grade

Test r

4 ELA .14**8 ELA .19**8 Social

Studies.24**

11 ELA .49**11 U.S. History .51**

3

**p <.001. All remained significant when controlling for school and community variables

Trend: As library services increase, so does student

achievement

Offering a program of curriculum-integrated information literacy instruction

Grade CST Test r4 ELA .12**8 Social Studies .14**

11 ELA .38**11 U.S. History .39**

**p <.001. All remained significant when controlling for school and community variables, including average parent education; poverty; ethnicity; English language learners; average teacher salary, and fully credentialed teachers.

Addressing these school library standards:

What the library staff does:

What our students do:

Providing reading, listening and viewing guidance for students

Grade CST Test r4 ELA .09**8 ELA .12**11 ELA .34**

7

Correlations remained significant at grades 8, 11 when controlling for school and community variables

**p <.001

Addressing these school library standards:

What the library staff does:

What our students do:

Collaborating with teachers to develop, plan, implement, and evaluate student learning.

Grade CST Test r8 Social Studies .08**11 ELA .28**11 U.S. History .29**

10

**p <.001. All remained significant when controlling for school and community variables

Addressing these school library standards:

What the library staff does:

What our students do:

Informally instructing students in the use of resources

Grade CST Test r4 ELA .16**8 ELA .19**8 Social Studies .22**11 ELA .47**11 U.S. History .47**

13All remained significant when controlling for school and community variables

*p <.01, **p <.001

Library Services and Student Achievement

Addressing these school library standards:

What the library staff does:

What our students do:

Grade Test r

4 ELA .11**

8 ELA .19**

8 Social Studies .22**

11 ELA .49**

11 U.S. History .51**

Significance persisted when controlling for all school, community variables.

**p <.001

16

Addressing these school library standards:

What the library staff does:

What our students do:

19

Grade Certificated Staffing

Total Staffing

4 .13** .47**8 .32** .68**

11 .64** .80****p <.001

Grade Test r

4 ELA .08**

8 ELA .16**

8 Social Studies .20**

11 ELA .52**

11 U.S. History .54**

Significance persisted when controlling for all school, community variables.

**p <.001

20

Addressing these school library standards:

What the library staff does:

What our students do:

School library programs raise student achievement.

Investing in the school library = investing in our students’ success.