Building A Next Generation Data

Center

Its Not Easy ….

DATACENTER LIMITATIONS

MOORE’s LAWThe number of transistors that can be placed inexpensively on an integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years. This trend has continued for more than half a century and is expected to continue until 2015 or 2020 or later.

Intel 80386 275,000 Transistors

Pentium 1 Million Transistors

Itanium 2 Quad Core 2.6 Million Transistors

MOORE’s LAW- Power Density

1 Processor 4GB RAM 509GB 2 x 325 Watt

2 Processors 12GB RAM 1.8TB 2 x 400Watt

192 Processors 768 GB RAM, SAN Storage 6 x 1200Watt

Room Over Capacity UPS at 90+% CapacityRoom Temp around 88° Humidity @ ???5-1/2 Miles of Non Documented Cat5 Cable

Old school DATACENTERHot Aisle Cold Aisle

DESIGN

ACCEPTABLE RISK

PRIORITIES

NEXT GENERATION DATA CENTER

• Facilities– Physical Space

• Design Liabilities

– Cable Management

• Security – Fire – Safety– Access

NEXT GENERATION DATA CENTER

• Power– 110v or 220v?– UPS – Generator

• Environmental– Cooling– Humidity

• Event/ Breach Notification– Facilities – Technology

physical• Layout

– Flood– Sewer Pipes– Water Pipes– Furnace Proximity

• Flooring– Raised– Solid

security

ACCESS

FIRE 101

safetyHALON• Stops the Chain Reaction• Leave No Residue• Is a CFC• Production Stopped in 1994• Still in Use Today (Grandfathered)

FM200• Replacement for Halon• Stops the Chain Reaction

safety

Notifications

• 110 Volts– 2 Phase 50Hz– 20% Less Efficient in Generation– Requires 30% Larger Windings– 10-15% Less Efficient in Transmission

• 220v– Standard in Europe– Draws ½ the AMPS

I Got the power• Uninterruptable Power Supply

– Never “Long Enough”?– Batteries Degrade over Time– Cost for Downtime

• Generator– “Unlimited Downtime”– Placed outdoors– Test Weekly

COOL- DEFINED• CRAC- Computer Room Air Conditioners

– Refrigerant-based, installed within the data center floor and connected to outside condensing units.

– Moves air throughout the data center via fan system- delivers cool air to the servers, returns exhaust air from the room

• CRAH- Computer Room Air Handler– Chilled water based, installed on data center floor and connected to outside chiller plant. – Moves air throughout the data center via fan system: delivers cool air to the servers, returns

exhaust air from the room

• CHILLER– Produces chilled water via refrigeration process. – Delivers chilled water via pumps to CRAH.

• HUMIDIFIER – Installed in CRAC / CRAH to replace water loss before the air exits.– Controls Static Electricity– Available in standalone units.

Where it Goes

POWER HEAT

IDEAL EnvironmentAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigerating & Air-

Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Technical Committee (TC) Revised 2004 & 2008 Guidelines for Data Center based on Green Initiatives.

TC 9.9 Release 2011– 20-80% Relative Humidity– 64.4°F – 80.6°F Temperature

Cooling, in Theory

Cooling, in REALITY

58°

88°

30°

Cooling GREEN

72°

74°

• Ensure Scalability• Design for Disasters• Monitor Systems• Secure Area• Document EVERYTHING• Energy Efficient 220V• Cool Equipment, not the Room!

DATACENTER goals

Christopher Duffycduffy@peirce.edu