Post on 01-Dec-2015
transcript
01_097571 ffirs.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page i
01_097571 ffirs.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page ii
Adam Sexton • Tintin Pantoja
01_097571 ffirs.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page iii
Copyright © 2008 by Adam Sexton and Tintin Pantoja. All rights reserved.
Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted inany form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or oth-erwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States CopyrightAct, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization throughpayment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 RosewoodDrive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the web atwww.copyright.com. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to theLegal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc., 10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256,(317) 572-3447, fax (317) 572-4355, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo, and related trademarks and trade dress are trademarksor registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates. All other trade-marks are the property of their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc. is not associatedwith any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accu-racy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties,including without limitation warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty maybe created or extended by sales or promotional materials. The advice and strategies containedherein may not be suitable for every situation. This work is sold with the understanding thatthe publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting, or other professional services. Ifprofessional assistance is required, the services of a competent professional person should besought. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for damages arising here from.The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or apotential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisherendorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations itmay make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work mayhave changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read.
For general information on our other products and services or to obtain technical supportplease contact our Customer Care Department within the U.S. at (800) 762-2974, outsidethe U.S. at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appearsin print may not be available in electronic books. For more information about Wiley prod-ucts, please visit our web site at www.wiley.com.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2007940615
ISBN: 978-0-470-09757-1
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Book design by Elizabeth BrooksBook production by Wiley Publishing, Inc. Composition Services
01_097571 ffirs.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page iv
5Act I
1
Suiting the Action to the Word:Shakespeare and Manga
Act II
Act III
Act IV
Act V139
117
71
41
02_097571 ftoc.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page v
Adam Sexton is the author of Master Class in Fiction Writing andthe editor of the anthologies Love Stories, Rap on Rap, andDesperately Seeking Madonna. He has written on art and entertain-ment for The New York Times and The Village Voice, and he teachesfiction writing and literature at New York University and criti-cal reading and writing at Parsons School of Design. A graduateof Columbia University and the University of Pennsylvania, helives in Brooklyn with his wife and son.
Tintin Pantoja is a graphic artist dividing her time betweenIndonesia and Manila. She graduated from the School of VisualArts in New York in 2006, having arrived in New York—herfirst time in America—a month before the World Trade Centerattacks in 2001. She is now working on several illustrated proj-ects. Tintin’s work can be viewed on her Web site: tintinpantoja.com
03_097571 flast.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page vi
Suiting the Action to the Word:Shakespeare and Manga
by Adam Sexton
“Suit the action to the word, the word to the action...”—Hamlet (Act III, Scene 2)
Four hundred years after the writing of William Shakespeare’splays, it is clear that they are timeless. This is due in part to theirinfinite adaptability. The plays have been translated into dozensof languages and performed all over the world. Famously cre-ative stage productions have included a version of Julius Caesarset in Fascist Europe during the 1930s and a so-called “voodooMacbeth.” Nor have gender and age proved barriers to castingShakespeare’s characters. The role of Hamlet is occasionallyplayed by a woman—an appropriate reversal, considering thatboys acted all the female roles in Shakespeare’s day—while theteenaged Romeo and Juliet have been portrayed by couples intheir forties and fifties.
It is common knowledge that the plays of Shakespearetransfer especially well to the movie screen. Such has been thecase since Thomas Edison made one of the first sound films everusing a scene from As You Like It. Recent cinema standoutsinclude William Shakespeare’s Romeo + Juliet, directed by BazLuhrmann, and Michael Almereyda’s Hamlet. Both take place inthe present day or near future: Leonardo DiCaprio’s Romeowears a Hawaiian shirt—and Julia Stiles’ Ophelia wears a wire,so Claudius and Polonius can eavesdrop on her conversationwith Hamlet. Otherwise, these adaptations remain surprisinglyfaithful to Shakespeare’s texts. And both hit the audience ashard as conventional stage productions in which the actors are
1
04_097571 intro.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page 1
outfitted with doublets and hose, crossed swords, and whatHamlet calls “a bare bodkin”—his unsheathed dagger (replacedin Almereyda’s movie by a gun).
Shakespeare’s plays have been set to music as well, inoperas and ballets by composers such as Verdi, Tchaikovsky,and Prokofiev. The early comedy Two Gentlemen of Verona wasadapted for Broadway by the composer of Hair, and it won theTony award for Best Musical the same year that Grease wasnominated. In the words of theater critic Jan Kott, Shakespeareis indeed “our contemporary.”
In short, though some consider the plays of WilliamShakespeare to be sacrosanct, they have been cut, expanded (itwas common in the Victorian era to add songs and even happyendings to the tragedies), and adapted to multiple media, emerg-ing none the worse for wear. Although we cannot be sure of this,it seems likely that the writer, who was a popular artist and asavvy businessman as well as an incomparable poet, wouldapprove.
The graphic novels known as manga (Japanese for “whimsi-cal pictures”) are a natural medium for Shakespeare’s work.Like his tragedies, comedies, histories, and romances, which arethrillingly dynamic if properly staged, manga are of coursevisual. In fact, a manga is potentially more visual than a stageproduction of one of the plays of Shakespeare. Unbound by thephysical realities of the theater, the graphic novel can depict anysituation, no matter how fantastical or violent, that its creatorsare able to pencil, ink, and shade.
Take Romeo and Juliet’s famous Queen Mab speech. Even themost creative stage director cannot faithfully present the minus-cule fairy described by Mercutio. Manga artists can. The same istrue of the drowning of Ophelia in Hamlet. It is precisely becausethese vignettes are unstageable that Shakespeare has his charac-ters describe Queen Mab and the death of Ophelia in such greatdetail—they must help us imagine them. In its unlimited ability
2
04_097571 intro.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page 2
to dramatize, the graphic novel more closely resembles a contem-porary film with a colossal special-effects budget than anythingproduced in the Elizabethan era or since.
At the same time, manga are potentially no less verbal thanShakespeare’s spectacularly wordy plays, with this crucial dif-ference: in a production of one of the plays onstage or onscreen,we can hear the words but can’t see them. Though Shakespeareis never easy, reading helps. And that is precisely what mangaadaptations of the plays allow. Perusing a Shakespeare manga,the reader can linger over speeches, rereading them in part oraltogether. Especially in the long and intricate soliloquies typicalof Shakespearean tragedy, this allows for an appreciation of theplaywright’s craft that is difficult if not impossible as those solil-oquies move past us during a performance.
Overall, turning the pages of a manga version of one ofShakespeare’s plays is something like reading the text of thatplay while attending a performance, but at one’s own pace.Manga is not merely a new medium for the plays of WilliamShakespeare, but one that is distinctly different from anythingto have come before.
A note on authenticity: In order to fit our adaptations intobooks of less than 200 pages, the writers and editors of TheManga Editions have cut words, lines, speeches, even entirescenes from Shakespeare’s plays, a practice almost universalamong stage and film directors. We have never paraphrased theplaywright’s language, however, nor have we summarizedaction. Everything you read in The Manga Editions was writtenby William Shakespeare himself. Finally, footnotes don’t inter-rupt the characters’ speeches here, any more than they would ina production of one of Shakespeare’s plays onstage or on film.
There is no play better suited to the manga approach than Hamlet,Shakespeare’s tragedy about Hamlet, prince of Denmark, who is
3
04_097571 intro.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page 3
instructed by the ghost of his father, King Hamlet, to kill hisUncle Claudius. Since murdering Hamlet’s father, Claudius hasbecome king of Denmark himself and has married Hamlet’smother, Queen Gertrude. Prince Hamlet has a girlfriend,Ophelia, who is the daughter of Claudius’s most trusted advisor(Polonius) and the sister of Hamlet’s rival, Laertes. Hamlet’s bestfriend, Horatio, and two college chums, Rosencrantz andGuildenstern, visit him during the play. Of all these characters,only one survives to the end of the story.
The play is manga-friendly because it is unarguably action-packed, complete with a terrifying ghost, a tussle in an opengrave, and a climactic swordfight during which four centralcharacters die violent deaths. At least one character in Hamletgoes insane and two characters commit suicide, one of them byaccident. There’s an inadvertent murder, as well as two accom-plished from afar, by trickery. Another murder, achieved bypouring poison into the victim’s ear, takes place before the storystarts and is reenacted in the course of a play within the play.
At the same time, not one of Shakespeare’s plays containsmore internal material—thoughts, feelings, hopes, fears andideas—than Hamlet. Hamlet himself delivers five soliloquiesthroughout the course of the tragedy named for him, and all aremasterpieces of poetry and rhetoric, philosophy and wordplay.Though Shakespeare’s Hamlet: The Manga Edition doesn’t explainthe soliloquies, it gives us the opportunity to read and reread themin the context of the visually-presented action described above.By means of dynamic new medium of manga, Shakespeare’s time-less tragedy is thereby made new—again.
4
04_097571 intro.qxp 1/3/08 5:49 PM Page 4
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 5
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 6
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 7
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 8
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 9
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 10
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 11
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 12
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 13
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 14
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 15
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 16
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 17
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 18
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 19
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 20
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 21
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 22
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 23
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 24
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 25
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 26
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 27
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 28
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 29
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 30
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 31
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 32
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 33
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 34
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 35
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 36
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 37
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 38
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 39
05_097571 ch01.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 40
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 41
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 42
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 43
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 44
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 45
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 46
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 47
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 48
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 49
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 50
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 51
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 52
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 53
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 54
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 55
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 56
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 57
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 58
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 59
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 60
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 61
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 62
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 63
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 64
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 65
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 66
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 67
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 68
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 69
06_097571 ch02.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 70
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 71
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 72
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 73
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 74
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 75
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 76
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 77
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 78
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 79
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 80
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 81
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 82
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 83
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 84
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 85
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 86
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 87
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 88
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 89
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 90
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 91
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 92
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 93
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 94
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 95
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 96
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 97
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 98
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 99
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 100
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 101
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 102
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 103
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 104
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 105
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 106
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 107
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 108
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 109
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 110
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 111
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 112
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 113
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 114
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 115
07_097571 ch03.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 116
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 117
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 118
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 119
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 120
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 121
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 122
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 123
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 124
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 125
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 126
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 127
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 128
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 129
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 130
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 131
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 132
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 133
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 134
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 135
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 136
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 137
08_097571 ch04.qxp 1/3/08 5:50 PM Page 138
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 139
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 140
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 141
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 142
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 143
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 144
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 145
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 146
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 147
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 148
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 149
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 150
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 151
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 152
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 153
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 154
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 155
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 156
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 157
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 158
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 159
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 160
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 161
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 162
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 163
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 164
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 165
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 166
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 167
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 168
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 169
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 170
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 171
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 172
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 173
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 174
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 175
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 176
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 177
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 178
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 179
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 180
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 181
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 182
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 183
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 184
09_097571 ch05.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 185
ore full-throttle action and ambition
gone haywire. More dreams and schemes. Alliances and betrayals. Murders and mayhem. Passions and poisons. Shakespeare has it all, and now you can experience the action and appreciate the intrigue in these manga editions. All of these books combine the classic art form and classic literature and feature an introduction that sets the stage so you’re engrossed from the first page.
Wiley, the Wiley logo, CliffsNotes, and CliffsNotes.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries.
978-0-470-09759-5$9.99 US/$11.99 CAN
978-0-470-09757-1 $9.99 US/$11.99 CAN
978-0-470-09760-1 $9.99 US/$11.99 CAN
978-0-470-09758-8 $9.99 US/$11.99 CAN
Look for these fast-paced manga editions wherever books are sold.
COMING IN 2009!Huck Finn—The Manga Edition978-0-470-15287-4
The Scarlet Letter—The Manga Edition 978-0-470-14889-1
10_097571 bob.qxp 1/3/08 5:51 PM Page 1