Handling Sand Laden Manure

Brian J. Holmes

Professor and Extension SpecialistBiological Systems Engineering Dept.UW-Madison

Quality Milk ConferenceFebruary 9, 2010

Manure Management

" If it doesn't make economic sense it doesn't make any sense at all ".

John Dahl

" Every time you touch manure it costs you money ".

Brian Holmes

“Manure storage should be viewedas a cost center” Leonard Massie

Removing Sand Laden Manure from the Barn

Viable Options:- Tractor/Skid Steer Scrape- Auger- Vacuum Tanker- Flush Flume- Flush- Gravity Flow

ALLEY

MANGER

MANURE STORAGE

ACCUMULATED SAND

24 - 30" DIA. PIPE

SLUICE GATE

CROSSCHANNEL

Push-InProtected from fall in 2-4FT.

6 – 8 ft

ALLEY

ALLEY

ALLEY

Gravity Flow Channelwith Sluice Gate

Transfer to Storage

Gravity4 ft Elevation Difference-Organic10 ft Elevation Difference-Sand

Pump – level or up-hill or long distance

Sand Bedding Settles OutKeep water awayProvide access for clean out

Have an Alternative Plan B

Flushing to Remove Manure from Barn

What is the objective of sand separation?

A. Make downstream manure handling easierB. Reuse cleaned sand for beddingC. Produce sand free manureD. All the aboveE. Both A and B

Sand Cleaning Systems

Gravity SettlingSand LanesSand Trap

MechanicalMcLanahan Sand SeparatorParkson Tru-Grit

US Sieve Number

270 100 50 20 10 4

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

00.01 0.1 1 10

Opening Size (mm)

Frac

tion

Pass

ing

(%)

Fine

Medium

Coarse

Wedel, 20000.27

Slang and Trade Names of Commonly Used Bedding Sand

Relative ASTMSize Designation Sand Name

Fine -- Beach Sand, Blow Sand, Bank Run, Run-of-pit

Medium C-144 Mason’s Sand, Mortar Sand, 3 mil, Regular 8, Number 8

Coarse C-33 Washed Sand, Concrete Sand

Wedel, 2000

Sand Lanes –Separate Cleaned Sand

Typical Flush Flume and Sand Settling Lanes

ScrapeBarn Alley

FlushFlume

Pump2,000-2,500 GPM

Third StageStorage

Sand Settling Lane

Second StageStorage

First StageStorage

SandStorage

Typical Flush Flume and Sand Settling Lanes

Design Criteria:Pump Capacity – 2,000-2,500 gpm

- Screen Inlet for TrashDual Lanes – 12’ wide

- Length varies- Slope (0 - 1/4%)- Depth (8 - 12”)- Equipment Access Ramps- Energy Dissipater at Inlet

Organic Matter Settling (optional) Sand Drain Back SlabSand Mixing & Storage Slab

EnergyDissipation

One Lane Drains & is Cleaned while Other Is Used

SandLane

Organics Settling Basin

Settled Organics

Cleaned Water PumpedCleaned Water PumpedTo Flush FlumeTo Flush Flume

Deposits in Sand Lane

Stage 1Storage

Stage 1Storage

Stage 2Storage

Flushed Manure to Single Sand Lane

Flushed Manure to Single Sand Lane

Sand & Manure fromSingle Sand Lane

McLanahan Sand Separator

Nozzles

AugerMotor

V

Cross Section - McLanahan Sand Separator

Sand LadenManure

Milking CenterWastewater &

Recycle Liquid

OverflowWeir

Effluent toStorageOr Treatment

Blower

Heavy DutyU-TroughAuger

SeparatedSand

Drainage to Sump

Air Line

MeteringAuger

Paddles

Cyclone Separator

Sprayer

DischargeMixing/Settling Hopper

Sand Removal Auger

Sand Accumulation

Overflowing Hopper

Hopper

Auger

Sprayer

Cyclone Separator

Cyclone Separator

Parkson Tru-Grit Separator

Parkson Tru-Grit Sand Separator

Manure In

Sand OutManureOut

Manure In

Water In

Accent Separator-Yields Sandy Manure Solids

Sand Traps –Separate Cleaned Sand

Sand Trap for Flush SystemInlet

Ramp Down

Inlet

Screened Opening

Joe HarnerKansas StateSand Trap for Flush System

Joe HarnerKansas State

Sand Trap for Flush System

Joe HarnerKansas State

Settling Basin –Yields Dirty Sand

Plan View - Sand Settling/Storage Basins

STORAGEBASIN

SETT

LIN

GB

ASI

N

RAMP DOWN

OVER FLOWWEIR

OPTIONALAUGER

INLET

Cut Away - Sand Settling / Storage Basins

SETTLING

BASINSTORAGE

BASIN

ACCUMULATEDSAND

DRIVABLEBOTTOM

MANURE ANDLIQUIDS

OVER FLOWWEIR

INLET

Settling Tank

Conventional Removal from Sand Settling Basins/Tanks =

Skim and Haul =

Slurry Pumped Off FirstWet Sand/Solids Bucketed Out

Variation on Skim and Haul

YesWatch Video?

Houle Sand Settling Basins Following Flush Flume

Manure Storage Down Stream of Houle Sand Settling Basins

Settling Basin FollowingFlush Flume

Weeping Wall Chamber –Yields Dirty Sand

Joe HarnerKansas State

Joe HarnerKansas State

SandBedding?

Is SandBeddingExpensive?

Is SandRecovery Space

Limiting?

Is Flushing

Used?

Selected SystemToo Expensive?

Must SandBe Kept FromStorage?

Is SandRecovery Space

Limiting?

EndNo

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Plan to ReuseSand

Sand Trapor

Sand Lanes

MechanicalSeparation

Yes

Yes

YesFlushFlume

No

No

No

No

No

Sand Trapor

Sand Lanes

Further Treatment And/or Storage

No Plan toReuse Sand

Is Flushing orFlush Flume

Used?

SettlingBasin

SettlingTank/Basin

orWeeping WallChamber

Try AgainUsing

Different Path

No

Yes

Deciding on a Sand Removal System

End

Questions

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