Hazardous Signs

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Hazardous Signs

Hazard symbols are recognizable symbols designed to warn about hazardous materials, locations, or objects, including electric currents, poisons, and other things. The use of hazard symbols is often regulated by law and directed by standards organizations. Hazard symbols may appear with different colors, backgrounds, borders and supplemental information in order to specify the type of hazard.

Exposure Risk: About 32 million workers potentially exposed to chemical hazards.

Profusion of Chemicals: About 650,000 chemical products exist; hundreds of new ones introduced annually.

Health Effects: May include heart ailments, central nervous system damage, kidney and lung damage, sterility, cancer, burns, and rashes.

Safety Hazards: Potential to cause fires, explosions, or other serious accidents.

Hazardous Signs

Why should chemical hazards be communicated / warned ?

Hazardous Signs

Manufacturers, importers or distributors must ensure all incoming (shipped) chemical containers are labeled, tagged or marked with a proper label. The label shall include the required information; including product identifier, signal word, pictogram(s), hazard statement(s), precautionary statement(s),and manufacturer/distributor name, address and phone number.

A container should not be accepted unless it is properly labeled with the required information.

This label will not be removed or defaced but shall remain on the container throughout the use of the chemical.

However, containers must be re-labeled with the required information if labels have fallen off or are defaced (faded, washed-off, torn, etc.)

Hazardous Signs There are 3 types of Hazardous material labeling methods & 2 methods of Hazardous material transport labels.

1. OSHA – Occupational Safety & Health Administration-1971, USA

2. NFPA – National Fire Protection Agency Hazard Identification System

OSHA's mission is to "assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance"

The mission of the international nonprofit NFPA, established in 1896, is to reduce the worldwide burden of fire and other hazards on the quality of life by providing and advocating consensus codes and standards, research, training, and education

Hazardous Signs 3. HMIS – Hazardous Material Information System

The Hazardous Materials Identification System (HMIS) is a numerical hazard rating that incorporates the use of labels with color-coded bars as well as training materials. It was developed by the American Coatings Association as a compliance aid for the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard.

Most suitable labeling system for Paint Industry is Hazardous Material Information System (HMIS).

4. DOT Label – The United States Department of Transportation (DOT)

5. CHIP Label – Chemicals Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply

Hazardous Signs

Ambient TemperatureAmbient temperature is a term which refers to the temperature in a room, or the temperature which surrounds an object under discussion.

Flash PointTemperature at and above which a liquid gives enough flammable vapor to form a mixture with air that can be ignited by contact with a hot surface, spark, or flame.

Boiling Point Boiling Point is the temperature at which a liquid boils, with the vapor pressure equal to the given external pressure.

Auto Ignition PointAuto Ignition Point is the temperature at which a substance will spontaneously ignite without the presence of a flame.

ReactivityReactivity is the tendency of a substance to undergo chemical reaction, either by itself or with other materials, and to release energy.

OxidizerAn oxidizer is a type of chemical which a fuel requires to burn. Most types of burning on Earth use oxygen, which is prevalent in the atmosphere.

ToxicityThe degree to which a substance (a toxin or poison) can harm humans or animals. Acute toxicity involves harmful effects in an organism through a single or short-term exposure. Sub chronic toxicity is the ability of a toxic substance to cause effects for more than one year but less than the lifetime of the exposed organism. Chronic toxicity is the ability of a substance or mixture of substances to cause harmful effects over an extended period, usually upon repeated or continuous exposure, sometimes lasting for the entire life of the exposed organism.

Hazardous Signs

Hazardous Signs - OSHA

Hazardous Signs-OSHA

Hazardous Signs-NFPA

Red - Fire Hazard

Blue - Health Hazard

Yellow - Reactivity Hazard - explosive, unstable

White - Special Hazards - corrosive, radioactive, water reactive, acid

Higher Number = Higher Hazard

NFPA Health Hazard Codes4 Materials that on very short exposure could cause death or major residual injury.

3 Materials that on short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury.

2 Materials that on intense or continued, but not chronic exposure could cause incapacitation or possible residual injury.

1 Materials that on exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury.

0 Materials that on exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material.

NFPA Flammability Codes

4 Materials that will rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperature, or that are readily dispersed in air and that will burn readily. Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a boiling point below 100ºF.

3 Liquids and solid that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Liquids with a flashpoint below 73ºF and a boiling point above 100ºF or liquids with a flashpoint above 73ºF but not exceeding 100ºF and a boiling point below 100ºF.

NFPA Flammability Codes

2 Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Liquids with flashpoint above 100ºF but not exceeding 200ºF.

1 Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Liquids that have a flashpoint above 200ºF.

0 Materials that will not burn.

NFPA Reactivity Hazard Codes

4 Materials that in themselves are readily capable of detonation or of explosive decomposition or reaction at normal temperatures and pressures.

3 Materials that in themselves are capable of detonation or explosive decomposition or reaction but require a strong initiating source or which must be heated under confinement before initiation or which react explosively with water.

NFPA Reactivity Hazard Codes

2 Materials that readily undergo violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures or which react violently with water or which may form explosive mixtures with water.

1 Materials that in themselves are normally stable, but which can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

0 Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and which are not reactive with water.

NFPA Special Hazard Codes

ACID = Acid ProductsALK = Alkali or BasesCOR = Corrosive ProductsOX = OxidizerW =Reacts with water Radioactive

Hazardous Signs-HMIS

Blue = HealthRed = FlammabilityYellow = ReactivityWhite = Personal Protective Equipment

Higher Number = Higher Hazard

Hazardous Signs-HMIS

Personal Protection

Hazardous Signs-DOT

Hazardous Signs-CHIP

What do I do…

If there is no label or You cannot read the label?STOP - do not use the chemicalTELL your supervisor & inform to TechnicalREAD the MSDS and have another label put on the container – This is done by Technical

Thank You !!!

Hazardous Signs

Engineering