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© 2001 The Gas Company. All copyright and trademark rights reserved.
High Efficiency Unit Heaters
Workpaper PresentationPrepared for Cal TF PresentationSept 24, 2014
Overview
• Seeking TF approval of draft workpaper
• Measure Description
• Measure Summary
• Abstract Review Comments – Cal TF
• Abstract Review Comments – Commission Staff
• CEUS data: SCE vs. statewide
• EFLH: Connected vs. peak load, other considerations
• Savings: WP vs DEER
• IMC
Measure Description
• Unit Heater• Self-contained, automatically-controlled, vented fan-type
gas space heater designed to be installed without ducts, within the heated space
• Thermal Efficiency: 90% or above (11% improvement)• Size ranging 50~600 kBtuh
• Measure Application Type• ROB/NC
• Measure Delivery Type• Prescriptive rebate per kBtuh
• Impacted Market• Non-residential• Warehouses, distribution facilities, garages, loading
docks, & etc.
• Market Potential• Low shipping volume in CA
Measure Summary
• Gas Savings• 0.38 therms/kBtuh (CA average)• Range between 0.17 ~ 0.87 therm/kBtuh for 16 CZs• Decreased by a factor of 2.85 (peak load vs. connected
load)
• IMC• $8.17/kBtuh• Incremental equipment cost + additional material &
labor for condensing unit
• EUL• 20 years• DOE shipping data + DEER HVAC-Frnc
• Net-to-Gross: • 0.70 default value per DEER All-Default<=2yrs
Abstract Comments– Cal TF
EUL – 20 years
Oversizing
• No oversizing factor to be considered
Savings Methodology
• Engineering calculation using CEUS and other
resources
Building type
• Use warehouses
• Enclosed space with an appropriate temperature
control
Abstract Comments– Commission Staff
Calculating savings based on the actual capacity and climate zones.
Equivalent full load hours highest in SCE
EFLH: • Non-coincident peak heating load vs. Total
connected equipment load
Comparison to simplified DEER
Additional Installation Cost
Savings Calculation
𝑈𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑂𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝐻𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠(𝐸𝐹𝐿𝐻 )(𝐻𝑟𝑌𝑟 )=
𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 h𝑊𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝐸𝑈𝐼 ( 𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑆𝑞 .𝐹𝑡−𝑌𝑟 )
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 h𝑊𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑠𝑒𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 (𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢/𝐻𝑟𝑆𝑞 .𝐹𝑡 )
𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑌𝑟 )=𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 (𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝐻𝑟 )×𝐴𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙𝑂𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝐻𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠(𝐻𝑟𝑌𝑟 )
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑(𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑌𝑟 )=𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 (𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑌𝑟 )×𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 (80%)
h𝐻𝑖𝑔 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑌𝑟 )=𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔𝐿𝑜𝑎𝑑 (𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑌𝑟 )
h𝐻𝑖𝑔 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 (90%)
𝐺𝑎𝑠𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑠 ( h𝑇 𝑒𝑟𝑚h𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢 )=
𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑌𝑟 )− h𝐻𝑖𝑔 𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑝𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢𝑌𝑟 )𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒𝐻𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝐶𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 ( h𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢 )×100 ( 𝑘𝐵𝑡𝑢
h𝑇 𝑒𝑟𝑚 )
CEUS:SCE vs. Statewide
• Utilities Areas in CEUS
• SCE: Substantially higher consumption (W/H)• SCE: Lower than PG&E (20%) for other building types• Study Sample
• 250 warehouses surveyed • 65 sites metered
• TF Feedback Requested: Use statewide data?
CEUS: Equivalent Full Load HourPeak Load vs. Connected Load
• Peak Load• Calibrated using metered data collected by fan
measurements for sample of buildings• One-hour maximum consumption, based on
simulated load profile
• Connected Load• Gathered from actual site surveys of equipment
inventories • Represents how equipment is actually sized and
placed for this building type
Equivalent Full Load Hour:Additional Considerations
• Operation depends on • Thermostat settings and setback schedules• Bldg. location and climate• Door openings• Ventilation system• Ceiling heights• Internal heating loads
• Agreed on “Connected Load”?
Comparison with Simplified DEER
• Preliminary analysis using DEER by Commission Staff
• Conditioned Storage (SCn)
• D08-NE-HVAC-airAC-SpltPkg-240to759kBtuh-9p8eer
• Measure Case: HEATING-HIR = 1.11
• Base Case: HEATING-HIR = 1.25
• Are savings reasonable?
Consideration of Cost
• Additional labor and supporting material• Site-specific conditions dictating whether installation
cost is higher or lower than conventional unit heaters.• Condensate disposal• Replacement of existing flue• Condensate neutralizers, and outdoor-air dampers
require periodic servicing• Estimated additional $500 incremental installation
cost per unit• IMC: $6.07 (equipment) + $2.10 (installation) = $8.17
/ kBtuh
Question or Comment?