Post on 30-Dec-2015
transcript
Hinduism
This is the sum of duty; do not do to others what would
cause pain if done to you.
Historical background• Over centuries, Hinduism begins with the Indo – European
invasion of India in 500 BC India was involved by many people.
• Hinduism developed out of a multiplicity of local gods, goddesses and heroes.
• No main leaders many teachers were considered leaders.1. Sankara2. Ramanuja3. Ninbarka4. Madhva• Muslim-Hindu conflict• Islamic people wanted to expandSo they traveled into India and destroyed there temples tension
between them now.
Basic belief system
• Hindus believe in many gods/ goddesses• Hindus believe in the divinity of the 4 Vedas. • Reincarnation/ after life• Karma• Hindus believe that divine beings exist in
unseen worlds and that temple worship, rituals, sacraments and personal devotionals create a unity with devas and Gods.
• Hinduism focuses on self achievement
Gods/goddesses
• Ganesha – the elephant god. God of all existing beings• Shiva – the most powerful god. God of death and
dissolution• Krishna – the supreme being• Rama – known as the ideal son, husband and father• Hanuman – the monkey god. Symbol of physical
strength.• Vishnu – Preserver of all life• Lakshmi – goddess of wealth and prosperity• dugra – mother goddess• Kali – evil goddess of darkness• Sarawati – goddess of knowledge
Vegetarian diet
3 reasons Hindus could choose to be vegetarian
• Principle of non – violence. Applied to animals
• intention to offer only “pure” vegetarian food in their diet
• Non – vegetarian food damages the mind and spiritual development
Non-vegetarian diet
• Higher class (Brahmins) are usually non-vegetarians
• They are allowed to eat fish and some meat
• Jhatka is a common method of slaughtering. In jhatka the butcher slices the head off the animal with a single stroke of an animal which causes minimal suffering
Sacred symbols
• lotus- represents beauty and non-attachment
• Om- represents the 3 worlds-earth, atmosphere, heaven. The 3 major Hindu gods Brahma, Vishnu and Siva. The 3 sacred Vedic scriptures Rg, yajur and sama
• The pratik- the upward pointing triangle represents ones external actions. The downward pointing triangle represents ones internal work. The rising sun represents spiritual progress. The swastika represents fulfilment or ones ultimate spiritual goals
Sacred Symbols part two
• Swastika- used as a charm to bring good fortune and well being
• Trihsula- symbolizes empire and the irresistible force of transcendental reality. The 3 prongs represent creator, pressure and destroyer
• Yantra- represents the universe. Used in Hindu worship and meditation.
• Bind- worn on the forehead of a married women. Symbolizes female energy , it’s believed to protect women and their husbands.
Sacred text
Vedas; there are 4 Vedas the Rig Veda, Sama
Veda, yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. Primary textsThey have a big influence on
Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism. Rig Veda is the oldest of the four Vedas
Sacred places
• Rameswaram temple- shaiva centre, considered immensely sacred as the Hindu religious center
• Hared war- a ancient place that was made holy. One of the 7 holiest places for Hindus
Rituals
• Hindu rituals are called sanskars.• Hindus believe that it is the responsibility of
each individual to continue the Hindu race by participating in a ritual after marriage
• Prayers occur before having a child to insure well being
Other rituals...• Namakarna • Karnavedha• Mundan• Upanayana
Weddings– Ceremonies are very colourful and extend for several days.
• Wedding ceremonies are traditionally conducted at least partially in Sanskrit
Steps in a wedding ceremony...1. Jayamaala – meeting of the families, exchange of garlands2. Madhu – Parka – the bride and groom are offered a seat for the
long ceremony to begin3. Gau Daan and Kanya Pratigrahan – gifts are exchanged between
the families, passing of the mungala sootra4. Vivaha – Homa – the sacred fire is lit and prayers are said5. Paanigrahan – the ceremony of vows and the eight lamvas6. Sapta – Padi – the couple walk 7 steps and recit a prayer at each
step7. Surya Darshan and Dhruva Darshan –the couple get blessings
from the sun and the polar star for a creative and unshaken life8. Ashirvada – belssings from the guestsArranged marriages do occur in this religion and so do forced
marragies
Holidays/CelebrationsSome celebrations are...• Diwali – festival of lights• Hanuman jayanti – festival of hanuman (the monkey god)• Krishna Janmashtami – the birth of Krishna (a very popular god)• Nine nights festival – symbolizes good over evil• Rama navarni – celebrates the birth of lord rama• Raksha bandhan - Festival that celebrates brotherhood and love • Swaminarayan jayanti – celebrates the birthday of lord
swaminarayan• Vaisakhi- festival celebrated according the solar calendar• Varsha pratipada - Hindu spring new year, birth of the year• Ganesh chaturthi – birthday of lord ganesh • Origins of Holi – marks some Hindu legends • mahashrivratri - celebrated during the night and day that comes
before the new moon• Makar sankruni – celebrates the suns journey into the northern
hemisphere
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EnZf07kh6-Y
Mandir
• The mandir is the place of worship for all Hindus.
• Pictures of gods/goddesses• Offerings/ blessings• Worship at home• Prasad
Pooja/Pundits
• The way Hindus worship is called Pooja
• In the prayer “Pooja” the worshiper repeats his/her favourite gods name over and over again.
• Prasad is given to one after worshiping, this may include water, sweets and fruit.
• Pundits are much like priests and are highly respected in the mandir
Caste system
• Hindus believe in the caste system:The 4 castes are:1. Brahmins – highest class, known as the priests2. Kshatriyas – warriors and usually rulers such as
kings or queens3. Vaisyas – skilled traders, merchants and minor
officials4. Sudras – the unskilled workers, the lowest class• There are also the “pariah” who do not fall
under a caste. They are known as “gods children”
Role of women
• Positions range from equal status with men to restnctive
• Role of women in Hinduism is widely depending on specific text content
• Positive references are made to the ideal women in texts such as the Ramayana and the Mahabharata
• Hindu women were naturally chasle
The Spread of Hinduism
Demographics
• Originated in India• Practiced all over the world• Arguable to be the oldest religion• One of the three biggest religions• Most of the Hindu population is in
India and Nepal
Statistics
• India 90 – 100 % • Nepal 80 – 90 %• Guyana – 40 – 50 %• Suriname – 40 – 50 %• Fiji – 40 – 50 %• Bengali – 20 – 30 %Over 1.5 million Hindus live in
Created by:Nanaki dhesi
Aesha hayward
Emily schwenning
Kayla smith
Bibliography
http://www.religionfacts.com/hinduism/symbols.htmhttp://www.indianetzone.com/27/hindu_sacreed_places.htmwww.diehardindian.com/demograph/moredemo/hindu.htmhttp://www.sacred-texts.com/htmhttp://hinduism.bout.com/od/godsgoddesses/tp/deties.htmwww.wikipedia.org/wiki/women_in_hinduismwww.wikipedia.org/wiki/madirwww.bbc.co.uk/religions/hinduism/ritesrituals/wedding.shtml