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The Hip JointExercises and Injuries
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How would weak hamstrings, and tight hipflexor muscles affect the lower back?
Anterior Pelvic Tilt
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Anterior Tilt
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Anterior Tilt
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How can excessive anterior tilt be corrected?
Anterior Tilt
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Direction Injuries Cures
Anterior Tilt
1.) low back pain
2.) hamstring strain
3.) knee problems
A) Strengthenabdominal muscles
and hamstrings
B) Stretching hip
flexors (and erector
spinae)
Anterior Tilt
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During walking the gluteus medius and minimus abduct (or hold up)the free leg, preventing it from sagging.
Both are important in transferring weight from one leg to the other(e.g. running, hopping, skipping, etc.)
Their effectiveness decreases with age.
Lateral Pelvic Tilt
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Direction Injuries Cures
Lateral Tilt
1.) iliotibial band
syndrome
2.) low back pain --
usually one sided
3.) adductor strains
4.) lateral hip pain
A. Stretching hip
adductors,
B. Strengthen hip
abductors
Lateral Tilt
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Exercises for the Hip
Joint
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Compound An exercise that involves two or more joint
movements.
Isolated
An exercise that involves just one discerniblejoint movement.
Terminology
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Closed Chain
An exercise when the distal end of an extremity is fixedto any surface
Open Chain
An exercise when the distal end of an extremity is notfixed to any surface
Terminology
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Produces hip extension beyond 15 degrees; not usedextensively during walking
Strongly used during running, hopping, skipping, andjumping
Best isolated with the knee flexed to reduce hipextension from the hamstrings
40 degrees
Gluteus Maximus
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Hip Extensors Squats
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Hip Extensors Dead Lift
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Hip Extensors Lunge
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Hip Extensors Step Up
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Hip Extensors Leg Press
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Compound/Isolated Open/Closed
Squats C C
Deadlift C C
Lunge C O
Step up C O
Leg Press C O
Hip Extension
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Not heavily used in ordinary movements Horse back riding, the breaststroke kick in swimming
Hip Adductor Muscles
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Hip Adductors Seated
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Hip Adductors Lever
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Hip Abductors Cable
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Hip Abductors Seated
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Hip Abductors Lever
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Compound/Isolated Open/Closed
Cable I O
Seated I O
Lever I O
Hip Abductors/
Adductors
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Hip Flexors Leg Raise
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Hip Flexors Lever
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Strong hip flexor muscle Raises legs off the floor from the
supine position.
Pulls anteriorly on the lower lumbarvertebrae May aggravate lower back problems Strong abdominal muscles can prevent
lumbar strain
Used during complete sit-ups andstraight leg sit-ups.
Stretching this muscle requires hyper-extension of the hip.
Iliopsoas
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Compound/Isolated Open/Closed
LegRaise I O
Lever I O
Hip Flexors
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Opposite action of the muscle For example, to stretch a hip extensor
muscle, perform hip flexion.
Stretching
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Gluteal Muscles -
Stretching
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Abductors - Stretching
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Hip Flexors - Stretching
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Prevents external rotation at the hip is flexed
Strengthening
Stretching
Tensor Fasciae Latae
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Abductors (IT Band) -
Stretching
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HIP INJURIES
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Hip Pointer
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A hip pointer is a contusion to the iliac crest, thesurrounding soft tissue structures, or the greater trochanter
of the femur.
Typically, the injury is caused by a direct blow or fall.
HIP POINTER
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HIP DISLOCATION
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Any traumatic hip dislocation requires immediatetreatment, ideally within six hours or less.
This is because a traumatic hip dislocation interrupts thenormal blood circulation to the top of the femur, deprivingthe bone of its vital oxygen supply.
Unless the dislocated hip is reduced (replaced in itssocket) promptly, and normal circulation is restored
within the hip joint, there can be permanent damage tothe head of the femur. This permanent damage is calledavascular necrosis.
Dislocation
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January 13, 1991, Bo Jackson partiallydislocated his hip, tearing the bloodvessels to the neck and head of thefemur.
X-rays revealed a small fracture to theposterior of the hip socket.
Four weeks later, scans of the jointshowed the beginning of vascularnecrosis, in which the bone cells diebecause of deficient blood supply, and
chondrolysis, in which cartilagedegenerates.
Eventually Jackson would require a totalhip replacement which relieves him ofpain and allows him full range of motion.
Dislocation
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HIP REPLACEMENT
SURGERY
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1. Osteoarthritis is perhaps the most common cause for hipreplacement surgery.
2. Avascular necrosis is another cause of degeneration of thehip joint.
3. Abnormalities of hip jointfunction resulting fromfractures of the hip andsome types of hip
conditions that appear inchildhood can also lead todegeneration many yearsafter an injury.
Causes
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Surgery - FYI
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Acetabular component metal shell with plasticinner socket
Femoral component
metal stem with a metalor ceramic head
Parts
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Operation
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Dislocate the hip joint
Cut femoral neck with power saw
Removing the femoral head
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Power drill and special reamer remove the cartilage
Bone is formed to fit the metal shell
Reaming the Acetabulum
I h A b l
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Inserting the Acetabular
Component
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Preparing Femoral Canal
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Inserting the Femoral
Stem
A hi h F l
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Attaching the Femoral
Head
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Completed
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