Post on 10-Apr-2015
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The histology of the parathyroid glands
Position: on the dorsal surface of the thyroid glandDevelopmental origin: the endoderm of the 3rd & 4th pharyngeal pouchesCell types:
Chief cellsOxyphil cells
Hormone synthetised: parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Slide 69, parathyroid gland, H&E, 10x
oxyphil cellsoxyphil cells
chief cellschief cells
capillariescapillaries
Slide 69, parathyroid gland, H&E, 40x
oxyphil cellsoxyphil cells
chief cellschief cells
adipocytesadipocytes
To identify the chief and oxyphil cells
The histology of the adrenal(suprarenal) gland
z. reticularis
z. fasciculata
z. glomerulosa
sympathetic tone
adrenalin / noradrenalin
ectoderm (neural crest)
cords or clumps
medulla
ACTHsexual steroids
irregular cords
ACTHgluco-corticoids
straight cords
renin-angiotensin system
mineralo-corticoids
mesoderm
nests
cortex
Regulating hormones
Hormones secreted
Develop-mental origin
Arrange-ment of cells
Regions
Slide 70, adrenal gland, H&E, 4x
medullamedulla
cortexcortex
capsulecapsule
z. glomerulosaz. glomerulosa
z. reticularisz. reticularis
z. fasciculataz. fasciculata
Slide 70, adrenal gland - cortex, H&E, 10x
capsulecapsule
Slide 70, zona glomerulosa, H&E, 40x
endocrineendocrinecellscells
Slide 70, zona fasciculata, H&E, 40x
sinusessinuses
endocrineendocrinecellscells
Slide 70, zona reticularis, H&E, 40x
sinusessinuses
endocrine cellsendocrine cells
Adrenal gland medulla:modified postganglionic neurons
Chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla ~Postganglionic sympathetic neurons
Slide 70, adrenal gland - medulla, H&E, 40x
sinusessinuses
arteriolearteriole
chromaffin cellschromaffin cells
Adrenal gland medulla:blood supply and function
Cortical sinuses: steroid hormone content adrenergic cells
Direct arterioles to the medulla: nutritive vessels
noradrenergic cells
To identify the parts of the adrenal gland and the listed structures:Cortex:
zona glomerulosazona fasciculatazona reticularis
Medulla: chromaffin cells, sinuses
secretin, motilin, substance-P
PPVIPsomato-statin
insulinglucagonHormone secreted
5-107015-20Proportion(%)
outside the islets,in the wall of exocrine
glands
scatteredcentralperipheralLocation
ECFD1DBACell type
The cell types of the islets of Langerhans (colocalization: Zenker-formol fixation, Mallory-Azan staining)
Slide 50, pancreas, H&E, 10x
exocrineexocrinepancreaspancreas
islets of Langerhansislets of Langerhans
septumseptum
lobuluslobulus
Slide 50, pancreas, H&E, 40x
islet of Langerhansislet of Langerhans
capillarycapillary
To identify the islets of Langerhansin the pancreas
The histology of the corpus luteum
Development: Graafian follicle ovulationCorpus haemorrhagicumCorpus luteum
Corpus luteum menstruationisCorpus luteum graviditatis
Corpus albicans
Cell types:Granulosa-lutein cellsTheca-lutein cells
Slides 71, corpus luteum, H&E, 4x
ovarian cortexovarian cortex
corpus luteumcorpus luteum
folliclesfollicles
Slide 71, corpus luteum, H&E, 10x
thecatheca--lutein cellslutein cells
granulosagranulosa--lutein cellslutein cells
Slide 71, corpus luteum, H&E, 40x
thecatheca--lutein cellslutein cells
granulosagranulosa--lutein cellslutein cells
To identfy the corpus luteum and its cell types:
Granulosa-lutein cellsTheca-lutein cells