Post on 28-Dec-2015
transcript
• History of Canada’s Past Population
• Description of Canada’s Current/Future Population
• Definitions of concepts
Lecture Overview
• Why learn about the history of racialized groups? – Stephan & Stephan 02– Cultural Circles Exercise
• Similar to Qs: Why learn about own culture?
Description of Canada’s Past
History of Canada’s Past Population
• Description of Canada’s Population in 2006 vs 2031
• Implications of Canada’s Future Population
• Some definitions
Review and next…
Past vs. Future of Foreigners in Canadian Population
03/9/2010 Canada Census Report
Type of Demographic 2006 2031
Foreign Born 20% 25-28 (55% Asian)
– Why– Immigration– Higher fertility of VM– Younger age structure of VM
• By Foreign Born
• For…– Recruitment– Community Services
• Of Certification processes
• Adaptation Services
– Service Industries
Implications of Forecasts of Foreign Born
Past vs. Future of Visible Minorities in Canadian Population
*Visible Minorities= non-whites, non Aboriginals
Type of Demographic 2006 2031
Visible Minorities *(non White, Non-Aboriginal)*
16% 29-32%
South Asian 25% 28%
Chinese 24% 21
– Why– Higher fertility of VM (also S. Asian)– Younger age structure of VM
– 32.5 (VM) vs. 40
Location Visible Minorities by Metropolitan Areas
*Visible Minorities= non-whites, non Aboriginals
City 2031
Toronto 63
Vancouver 59
Montreal 31
• For…– Recruitment– Community Services– Service Industries
Implications of Forecasts of VM , VM by Metropolitan Area
Past vs. Future of Religious PersuasionCanadian Population
Type of Demographic 2006 2031
Muslim 35 50
Christian 75 65
Atheist 17 21
– Implications– Organizational Practices for religious
Accommodation
Description of Canada’s Past PopulationDescription of Canada’s Current & Future
Population
• Definitions of concepts– Race– Discrimination– Stereotyping– Prejudice
Review and what’s next
• An old classification system based on – Skin colour – Bodily features
• Accent/speech
• Name
• Clothing/grooming
• Diet
• Beliefs/practices
• Leisure preferences
• Place of origin
• Citizenship
What is Race
• Lack of scientific evidence for racial classification system– Differences within races on important
characteristics are greater than those between races
• Social belief in existence of race has persisted despite lack of scientific proof
Problems with concept of Race
• Difference between race &….– Gender– Discrimination, prejudice, stereotyping– Other cultural characteristics (e.g., individualism)
• Use test of amt of differences between vs. within groups
What is not Race?
• Discrimination– When similar or better qualified applicant…
• Does not get job applied for
• Gets job below qualification
• Receives lower pay for same job
What is discrimination?
Krauss in NYT
• Unequal treatment or behavior toward members of different groups (Stephan & Stephan 02)
• Distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on group membership impairing human rights (Human rights doc)
– Impose burdens not imposed on others– Withhold or limit access to benefits available to
others
What is discrimination?
• Individual– E.g., behaviors like different performance ratings
for members of different groups all else being equal
• Institutional– Policies, practices, procedures that disadvantage
members of some groups– Unequal representation in upper & middle layers
of administration, economic & media institutions
Examples of Discrimination
Compare with Brief et al
• Societal– Group differences in
• Poverty
• Imprisonment
• Access to employment, housing, healthcare
Examples of Discrimination
• Associating members of certain groups with certain characteristics – E.g., Perceived to be alike in some way (i.e.
have similar traits)• E.g., Most Asians are “smart”, “geeky”, “have
similar eye size”
• Can be positive or negative
• Can be true/false of group &/ individual • Implications for functionality
What are stereotypes
Stephan & Stephan 02
• Confusing one member of group for another– Believing them to be similar in personality or
behavior• E.g., editors vs. journalists
• Assuming characteristics of individual based on group membership– E.g., assuming your are nanny because you are
Filipino, – E.g. Assuming non-Whites are not Canadian
citizens or were not born in canada
Examples of Stereotypes
Wong’s Globe & Mail
• Prejudice– Negative feelings (e.g., dislike) toward someone
because of group they belong to
• Discrimination– Behavior/outcome
What are not stereotypes?
Wong in Globe & Mail; Krauss in NYT
• Culturally valid characteristics– e.g., collectivism
• Asians score higher (in general) on collectivism,
• Any single Asian may not score higher than a non-Asian on collectivism
• Scores on collectivism can be reliably measured
• Scores on collectivism are related to important other characteristics
What are not stereotypes
• Negative attitudes • Negative evaluations & feelings
• E.g., Evaluations: They are bad…
• Feelings: I hate..
• Stephan & Stephan 02
– Compare w/Human Rights doc definitions• Racism vs. prejudice has notion of power
• Sociologically based
What is racism/prejudice?
Negative Associations
Negative Feelings
Positive AssociationsStereotypes
Negative Thoughts
Prejudice