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HISTORY OF NEPAL
Mrigesh RajbhandariMrigesh Rajbhandari
500 B.C ~ 1972 A.D
Presentation By
The Kirat Region
History in Nepal remains sketchy until the fifth century when the Licchavi rulers began to keep records.
PREHISTORIC NEPAL
Kathmandu Valley
Civilization And Culture Of Kiratas
(800 B.C.-300 A.D.)
c.563 B.C. - Birth Of Lord Buddha at Lumbini Palace
For the next few centuries, Buddhism spread throughout Nepal.
(Old monuments of Palace at Lumbini )
Tentative Licchavi Periodization
•Early Licchavi 330~550
•Mid Licchavi 550~720
•Late Licchavi 725~880
Mana Deva Shiva Deva Amsuverma Hieun-Tseng Successor of Amsuverma Narendra Deva Shiva Deva II Jaya Deva II Aramudi
The Lichchhavi Period
Earliest surviving record from the Licchavis. Most of the Licchavi records are reports of religious donations to mainly Hindu temples and the language of the records is Sanskrit.
Nepali Language has been evolved from Sanskrit
7th century - Interruption In the Kingdom
750 – The fall of Licchavis
Kingdom of the Licchavis, founded sometime late in the forth century
male figure, standingca. 1st-3rd century C.E
"Siva and Parvati Set"ca. 5th-6th centurystone
CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE OF THE LICHCHHAVIS
Administration
Foreign Policy Social Condition Economic Condition
Judicial System
Religion
Literature
'Golden Age'
The Thakuri Dynastey
GUNAKAMA DEV
SURYABANSI ( SOLAR DYNASTY ) RAJPUT KINGS
Shivadeva III
Malla Period (1200 - 1769 AD)
Jayasthiti Malla (1354-1395)
Pratap Malla
Jaya Prakash Malla
Ranjit Malla
879 –1178 : Newar Era
1178 – 1185 – Rule of Somesvaradeva.
Middle Period
1200 – 1216 – Rule of Arimalla.
1345 – 1346- Raid From the South
1382 – 1395 – Rule of Jayasthitimalla
1428 – 1482 – Rule of Yakshamalla
1482 – Nepal was split into three kingdoms
Kathmandu
Bhaktapur
Patan
Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Kathmandu
Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Patan
Malla Palaces at Durbar Square at Bhaktapur
TABLE OF THE EVOLUTION OF CERTAIN GUPTA CHARACTERS USED IN NEPALESE INSCRIPTIONS, A.D. 464 through 733
The lower half of a stone slab, 33 cm. wide, north of the Maheśvarí pītha, embedded at the eastern side of a former city gate emplacement on the southern perimeter of the city of Bhaktapur (Fig.4). The broken top of the stele is missing, Date : Samvat 31 (A.D. 607).
Translation[We shall never excuse him]1 who disobeys this order which is a legal edíct. Future kings [also] must give importance to dharma and do as the honorable ones [former kings] have ordered. This is the direct order of His Majesty. Here his envoy is Rājaputra Sthitivarmā. Samvat 31, second pausa śukla astamī [eighth day of the bright half of of the repeated month of Pausa].
Early Manuscripts
A Newari Mandala From 900 A.D.
stone sculpture of Lord Vishnu
c.1847 - 1923 Flag of
the Kings
c.1847 - 1923 Flag of
the Rana's
1923 - 12
Dec 1962
Adopted 12
Dec 1962
MODERN PERIOD
Shah Dynasty, Unification of Nepal THE MAKING OF MODERN NEPAL
Gorkha Kingdom
Prithvi Narayan Shah The Great (reigned 1743-75),
Conquest of Bhaktapur
Conquest of Patan
Conquest of Kathmandu
KING PRATAP SINGH SHAH
KING RANA BAHADUR SHAH
Struggle for Power
RAJENDRA LAXMI
BAHADUR SHAH
KING RANA BAHADUR SHAH
The Expansion of Nepal
The Expansion of Nepal
1791-92Nepal defeated in war with China
The Anglo-Nepalese War
Preparation for War
(The British Army Each Year recruit thousands of Gorkhalis From Nepal to British Acadamys)
Battle of Khalanga Battle of Jaithak Battle of Parsa Battle of Geetjarh Battle of Gadwan Battle of Deuthal
Nepal’s War with British
TREATY OF SUGAULI, 1815
(Current day Nepal after reduction of Nepal’s Boarderaccording to “Treaty Of Sugauli”)
BHIMSEN THAPA
Nepal’s First Appointed Prime Minister
REFORMS OF BHIMSEN THAPA
FALL OF BHIMSEN THAPA
Sinha Pratap Shah Deva 01.1775-12.1777
Rana Bahadur Shah Deva 01.1778-1799
Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah Deva 03.1799-1804
Rana Bahadur Shah Deva (2nd time)
1804-1805
Girvan Yuddha Bikram Shah Deva (2nd time)
1805-20.11.1816
Rajendra Bikram Shah Deva 12.1816-1847
Surendra Bikram Shah Deva12.05.1847-17.05.1881
Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Deva (1875-1911)
17.05.1881-11.12.1911
Kot Massacre Bhandarkhal Massacre The Alou Event King Surendra Bikram Shah Janga Bahadur Rana Second Nepal-Tibet War Terms of Thapathali treaty Reforms of Jang Bahadur Rana King Prithivi Bir Bikram Shah Rana Uddip Singh Dhir Sumsher Bir Sumsher Deva Sumsher Chandra Sumsher
Rise of Ranas (Dark Age)
Balkrishna Sama’s hypothetical painting of all nine Rana prime ministers
The gilded copper Sun Dhoka gate, built in 1753, in Durbar Square, at the medieval city of Bhaktapur. The gate, which is the entrance to the main courtyard palace and the Taleju Bhavani Temple, is flanked by a small shrine of the Rana period.
Hanuman Dhoka Palace, the old royal palace, Kathmandu
Tribhuvana Bir Bikram Shah Deva (2nd time)
07.01.1951-13.03.1955
King Tribhuvan Bir Bikram Shah's Ascend to throne Bhim Shumsher Reforms of Bhim Shumsher Juddha Shumsher Juddha Shumsher and the second world war The beginning of revolution against the Ranas : Reforms of Juddha Shumsher Padma Shumsher Political agitations during Padma Shumsher's rule Reforms of Padma Shumsher Mohan Shumsher Arya samaj The Gorkha League Nagarik Adhikar Samiti: Praja parisad: The Nepali congress : The Biratnagar hartal : The Jogbani conference : Jayantu Sanskritum The Nepali Praja Panchayat : The Bairagania Resolution: Leaving the palace by king Tribhuvan: The armed revolution: The Delhi agreement:
King Tribhuwan and Fall of Rana
Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Deva (1920-1972)
14.03.1955-31.01.1972
King Mahendra's early life Political situation Political reforms Tank Prasad Acharya's Ministry Dr.k.i. Singh's Ministry The united front Ministry Constitution of the kingdom of Nepal,1959 First general election Bishweswar prasad Koirala's Ministery Introduction of the Panchayat system Administrative reforms Economic reforms Social reforms Foreign policy
King Mahendra
Bibliography
http://www.countryreports.org/history/nepahist.htm
http://www.nepalhomepage.com/general/history.html
http://internet.cybermesa.com/~rotto/history.html
http://www.thamel.com/htms/history.htm
http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Nepal
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0859925.html
The End