Post on 15-Aug-2020
transcript
Host plant affiliation of
xylem-feeders within
Central Europe
Anna Markheiser, Michael MaixnerJulius Kühn-Institut (JKI) –
Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture, Siebeldingen, Germany
2European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
SITUATION IN WINEGROWING AREASPALATINATE, DE
Jelkmann, 2014
P. dulcis orchard
wild vegetation
vineyard
JKI Siebeldingen, Geilweilerhof
3European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
orchard vineyard wild vegetation
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridis
orchard vineyard wild vegetation
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridis
orchard vineyard wild vegetation
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridis
SITUATION IN WINEGROWING AREASPALATINATE, DE (SIEBELDINGEN, 2019)
P. spumarius N. campestris A. alni C. vulnerata E. interruptus C. viridisImages: Maixner, Markheiser
Philaenus spumariusNeophilaenus campestrisAphrophora alniCercopis vulnerataEvacanthus interruptusCicadella viridis
orchard vineyard wild vegetation
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridis
orchard vineyard wild vegetation
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridis
n=30x5 (ground)n=10x5 (tree canopy)n=30x5 (vine canopy)
4European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
Albersweiler Burrweiler Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
Albersweiler Burrweiler Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
XYLEM-FEEDER DIVERSITY IN DEVINEYARDS, PALATINATE (2019)
P. spumarius N. campestris A. alni C. vulnerata E. interruptus C. viridisImages: Maixner, Markheiser
Albersweiler Burrweiler Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
Albersweiler Burrweiler Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
Albersweiler Burrweiler Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
nymphs
n=30x5 (ground)n=30x5 (vine canopy)
5European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
Dossenheim Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
Dossenheim Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
XYLEM-FEEDER DIVERSITY IN DEPRUNUS SPP. ORCHARDS, PALATINATE (2019)
Prunus avium Prunus dulcis Prunus spp.
nymphs
P. spumarius N. campestris A. alni C. vulnerata E. interruptus C. viridisImages: Maixner, Markheiser
Dossenheim Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
Dossenheim Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
Albersweiler Burrweiler Geilweilerhof Göcklingen
gro
un
dca
no
py
Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Mai Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
month
ad
ults/ sw
ee
p [n
] (m
ea
n ±
SE
)
species
P. spumariusN. campestrisA. alniC. vulnerataE. interruptusC. viridisC. viridis (N)
A. alni and C. viridis pose beside P. spumarius andN. campestris the highest risk for potential X. fastidiosa
transmission within cultivated areas.
n=30x5 (ground)n=10x5 (tree canopy)
6European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
HOST PLANT ACCEPTANCE OF CANDIDATE VECTORSSURVIVAL ON X. FASTIDIOSA HOST PLANTS
Prunus avium Prunus dulcis Vitis vinifera
a
ab
b
c
a
a
b
a
a
a
b
a,b,c: signifikant differences between insect species according to Cox Proportional hazard model
7European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
Quantification of xylem-ingestion:
P. spumarius, N. campestris and C. viridis
FEEDING-ACTIVITY OF CANDIDATE VECTORSELECTRICAL PENETRATION GRAPH (EPG)
Markheiser 2018 Markheiser 2018
P. spumarius onP. dulcis
EPG system
Cornara et al. 2018, PlosOne
6 waveforms characterized for P. spumarius
Differences in duration of Xi among host plants observed for P. spumarius (Markheiser et al. 2019, Entomologia Generalis)
8European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
P. spumarius N. campestris C. viridis
P. d
ulc
isP
. aviu
mV
. vin
ifera
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
time [h]
dura
tion [
%]
(mean)
waveform np C Xc Xi N R
FEEDING-ACTIVITY OF XYLEM-FEEDERSELECTRICAL PENETRATION GRAPH (EPG)
N=12 N=12
N=28
N=6
N=30
N=8
N=24 N=18
N=4
preliminary results
♂:♀ = 1:1
P. spumarius N. campestris C. viridis
P. d
ulc
isP
. aviu
mV
. vin
ifera
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
time [h]
dura
tion [
%]
(mean)
waveform np C Xc Xi N R
P. spumarius N. campestris C. viridis
P. d
ulc
isP
. aviu
mV
. vin
ifera
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
time [h]
dura
tion [
%]
(mean)
waveform np C Xc Xi N R
P. spumarius N. campestris C. viridis
P. d
ulc
isP
. aviu
mV
. vin
ifera
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
0
25
50
75
100
time [h]
dura
tion [
%]
(mean)
waveform np C Xc Xi N R
High duration of Xi → high risk of X. fastidiosa acquisition
9European Conference on Xylella fastidiosa 2019: how research can support solutions
◼ P. spumarius, N. campestris, A. alni and C. viridis show the
highest potential to spread X. fastidiosa
→ Random inspection of these candidate vectors for presence of X. fastidiosa
◼ C. viridis is in contrast to A. alni associated to the ground level
→ Feeding activity in xylem vessel confirmed
→ May rather act as a vector of X. fastidiosa for suckers/seedlings
CONCLUSION –RISKS FOR VINEYARDS AND PRUNUS ORCHARDS IN DE
spittlebugs froghoppers sharpshooters
P.
spum
ari
us
N.
cam
pestr
is
N.
lineatu
s
L.
cole
optr
ata
A.
aln
i
A.
salicin
a
A m
ajo
r
C.
vuln
era
ta
C.
sanguin
ole
nta
H.
dors
ata
E.
accum
inatis
E.
inte
ruptu
s
C.
vir
idis
G.
fennahi
X X X (X) X (X) (X) X X (X) (X) X X (X) wild vegetation
X X X X X X (X) Prunus sp. orchard
X X X X (X) X ( X) (X) X vineyard
This studies have been funded by
the Horizon 2020 project
XF-ACTORS (Ref 727987)
… JKI, Epidemiology
… Dr. Michael Maixner… Sandra Biancu… Sanela Kugler… Dunja Kröhner… Yvonne Kappel
… CSIC, ICA
… Prof. Dr. Alberto Fereres… Dr. Daniele Cornara