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HEC-ResSimHEC-ResSimEnhancementsEnhancements
Better Tools to Simulate the Operation Better Tools to Simulate the Operation of California Reservoirsof California Reservoirs
Joan KlipschCWEMF Annual Meeting
February 2007
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OutlineOutline
• HEC-ResSim Basics– Development Objectives– The System Schematic– Rule-Base Operations Definition– New Features in Version 3.0
• The Yuba-Feather F-CO Study– Participants– Objective– MOA– Requested Enhancements for Version 3.1
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ResSim Development GoalsResSim Development Goals
• Represent the physical system as realistically as possible.
• Reproduce the decision making process that reservoir operators use to set releases.
• Support Multi-Purpose Operation Schemes– Represent both Flood Control Constraints &
Conservation Goals– Support low flow & drought operation– Support environmental restoration investigations
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The Physical SystemThe Physical System
• Graphical System Schematic– Reservoirs– Reaches– Junctions– Diversions – Diverted Outlets
• Hierarchical Multiple Outlet Structure– Controlled and Uncontrolled Outlets– Power Plants– Pumps– Outlet Groups
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System SchematicSystem Schematic
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Rule-Based Reservoir Rule-Based Reservoir OperationsOperations
• Guide-Curve – The seasonally-variable Desired Pool Elevation – Basic Guide Curve Operation:
“Release or store to get back to guide curve.”
• Zones– Zones partition reservoir storage among different
purposes.– A prioritized set of rules within each zone limits or
overrides basic guide curve operation.
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Rule-Based Reservoir Rule-Based Reservoir OperationsOperations
• RulesA rule is an objective for, or constraint on, the
operation of a reservoir or system of reservoirs. Rule Types:– Flexible Local & Downstream Flow Objectives– Release or Pool Elevation Rates of Change– Emergency Gate Regulation & Induced Surcharge– Local and System Hydropower Requirements– Tandem Operation– Pump-back Schedule – User-scripted rules
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Zone-Based Prioritized Rule SetZone-Based Prioritized Rule Set
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Basic Decision LogicBasic Decision Logic
1. Determine the… Allowable Range of Releases
– Physical Capacity defines the initial range
– Rules narrow the range
2. Determine the… Desired Guide Curve Release
– How much the reservoir should store or release to get back to guide curve in this timestep
Allo
wable
range o
f re
lease
s (c
fs)
0
15,000
10,000
5,000
1 2 30: Physical Capacity1: IROC - 3000 cfs2: Max Release - 10,000 cfs 3: Min Release – 700 cfsAllowable Range: 700-8000 Allowable Range: 700-8000 cfscfs
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Basic Decision Logic, Cont’d.Basic Decision Logic, Cont’d.
3. Decide !
?Is the Desired Guide-Curve release within the allowable range?
Yes Make the Desired GC release
No Make the allowable release that is closest to the Desired GC release.
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OtherOther Important Important Operations FeaturesOperations Features
• Tandem and Parallel System Operations– With variable storage balancing definition
• Conditional (If-then-else) Rule Activation• Release Allocation – Outlet Prioritization• User Scripted Rules & State Variables• Outlet Outages & Capacity Overrides
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Tandem & Parallel Tandem & Parallel System OperationsSystem Operations
• Tandem–El Vado to Abiquiu–Abiquiu to Cochiti
• Parallel–Cochiti & Jemez
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System Balance DefinitionSystem Balance Definition
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Conditional Rule Use Conditional Rule Use Atwood & Leesville “watch” Dover – Atwood & Leesville “watch” Dover –
Not true TandemNot true Tandem
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Conditional Rule UseConditional Rule UseIf-then-else blocksIf-then-else blocks
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Release AllocationRelease Allocation
• To provide control over how the releases are allocated to the available outlets
• Two methods– Balanced
• Even Balance (default)• Un-even Balance – e.g. 60-40 split
– Sequential
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Storage Integration SchemeStorage Integration Scheme
• Solution to the problem that occurs when a reservoir has: – Small storage– Large outlet capacity– More inflow than can be stored during a
time-step
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TrialsTrials
• Simulation ‘copies’ of an alternative
• Provides extended “what-if” analysis
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New Development – FY07New Development – FY07
• R&D Funded– Routing Enhancement for Downstream Ops– Tailwater-Dependent Outlet Capacity– Technical Reference Manual
• Project Funded– LCRA
• Projected Pool Operation
– Yuba-Feather F-CO Study…
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Forecast-Coordinated OperationsForecast-Coordinated Operations
• Yuba-Feather Watershed– Oroville - Operated by CA DWR– New Bullards Bar- Operated by Yuba County
Water Agency
• Study Objectives– Develop a way to coordinate flood control
releases from the two reservoirs, at the same time maintaining channel flow at or below the channel capacity at Marysville
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Forecast-Coordinated OperationsForecast-Coordinated Operations
• Study Team– Yuba County Water Agency– California Dept. of Water Resources– NWS CA-NV River Forecasting Center – Advisory: Sacramento District, USACE
• Funding– (new) Prop 13 Grant
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Yuba-Feather F-COYuba-Feather F-CO
• SPK Water Management was consulted on existing models for the basin.
• Study team chose ResSim for the operations modeling tool.
• SPK & Study Team identified some modifications that would be needed to effectively represent the watershed.
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Identified EnhancementsIdentified Enhancements
• Phase 1– Downstream operation must respect rate-of-
change constraints– Improve Induced Surcharge operation algorithm
to remove oscillations– Induced Surcharge function inadequate to
represent ESRD operations. • Provide option to enter ESRD curves directly• Add a “Hold the Gate” option for falling pool operation
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Identified EnhancementsIdentified Enhancements
• Phase 1, cont’d.– Add a variable contingency factor to the
downstream control rule to represent uncertainty in the inflow forecast
– Add a inflow factor editor to facilitate development of “what-if” inflow scenarios
• Phase 2– Add ensemble management to alternative
development – Add ability to impact operations based on
probability…
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MOA with HECMOA with HEC
• Yuba County Water Agency– 1+ year in development– Effort failed over liability issues
• NWS– 3-6 months in development– Success!
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Additional RequirementsAdditional Requirements
• NWS-RFS integration– Hot-start Feature– Headless Operation – Port to Linux
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Downstream Ops & Downstream Ops & Rate-of-Change - CurrentRate-of-Change - Current
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Downstream Ops & Downstream Ops & Rate-of-Change - NewRate-of-Change - New
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Flow Contingency for Downstream Operation
Contingency %Cum. Local Flow (cfs)
CancelOK
Constant Contingency Percentage (%)
Contingency Percentage as a function of Cumulative LocalFlow
New - Contingency FactorNew - Contingency Factor
• Effective space at the downstream control location is computed as the difference between the downstream limit modified by the contingency percentage and the cumulative local flow.
• For a downstream maximum flow rule, the downstream limit is multiplied by (1 – contingency percentage/100), resulting in a reduced maximum limit.
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Contingency FactorContingency Factor
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New - Inflow MultipliersNew - Inflow Multipliers
Inflow MultipliersInflow Multipliers
CancelApplyOk
Global Multiplier
Multipliers by Location
1
The Inflow Mulitplier(s) will be applied to each inflow time series to increase or decrease the entering flows.
VillanovaRockville
River PointeGreenfield
Crazy Mt. Inflow JCTBethesdaJunction
Villanova Local InflowRockville Local Inflow
River Pointe Local InflowGreenfield Local InflowCrazy Mt. Local InflowBethesda Local Inflow
Local Flow Name
111121
Multiplier
Restore Defaults Show Product
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More Info…More Info…
• Version 3.0, Release March 2007 !!!
• HEC’s Web Site:www.hec.usace.army.mil
• HEC’s ResSim Point of Contact:Joan D. Klipsch
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