Í ä § Å > ý ý > - DigiJap 日本語 · Meguro Language Center ROMAJI, HIRAGANA and KATAKANA...

Post on 09-Sep-2018

230 views 0 download

transcript

Meguro Language Center

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷㪮㫆㫉㫂㩷㪪㪿㪼㪼㫋㫊㩷 㩷

ọỤầễᴾ ỽἑỽἜᴾ

1. 㪩㪦䌟

㪤㪘㪡㪠㪃㩷㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷㪚㪿㪸㫉㫋 xxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㪈㩷 㩷

2. 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㫎㫆㫉㫂㩷㫊㪿㪼㪼㫋㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫈㫌㫀㫑㫑㪼㫊 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㪉㪄㪏㩷

3. 㪫㪿㪼㩷㫉㫌㫃㪼㫊㩷㫀㫅㩷㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㩷 㪐㪄㪈㪇㩷

4. 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪩㪼㫍㫀㪼㫎㩷㪨㫌㫀㫑 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㩷 㪈㪈㩷

5. 㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷㫎㫆㫉㫂㩷㫊㪿㪼㪼㫋㫊㪃㩷㫊㫄㪸㫃㫃㩷㫈㫌㫀㫑㫑㪼㫊㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫉㫌㫃㪼㫊 xxxxxx 㩷 㪈㪉㪄㪉㪇㩷

6. 㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷㫈㫌㫀㫑㫑㪼㫊 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㩷 㪉㪈㪄㪉㪋㩷

7. 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷㪩㪼㫍㫀㪼㫎㩷㪨㫌㫀㫑 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㩷 㪉㪌㩷

8. 㪚㫆㫌㫅㫋㫉㫐㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪚㪸㫇㫀㫋㪸㫃 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 㩷 㪉㪍㪄㪉㪎㩷

Meguro Language Cente㫉㩷㪫㪜㪣㪅㪑㩷㪇㪊㪄㪊㪋㪐㪊㪄㪊㪎㪉㪎㩷

㪜㫄㪸㫀㫃㪑㩷㫀㫅㪽㫆㪗㫄㫃㪺㫁㪸㫇㪸㫅㪼㫊㪼㪅㪺㫆㪅㫁㫇㩷

㪿㫋㫋㫇㪑㪆㪆㫎㫎㫎㪅㫄㫃㪺㫁㪸㫇㪸㫅㪼㫊㪼㪅㪺㫆㪅㫁㫇㩷

201205

Meguro Language Center

R―OMAJI, HIRAGANA and KATAKANA 㩷 㪘㩷 㪠㩷 㪬㩷 㪜㩷 㪦㩷

㪄㩷 㪸㩷 Ƌ� Ǣ 㫀㩷 ƍ Ǥ 㫌㩷 Ə Ǧ 㪼㩷 Ƒ Ǩ 㫆㩷 Ɠ� Ǫ�

㪢㩷 㫂㪸㩷 Ɣ� ǫ 㫂䌩㩷 Ɩ ǭ 㫂㫌 Ƙ ǯ 㫂㪼㩷 ƚ DZ 㫂㫆㩷 Ɯ� dz�

㪪㩷 㫊㪸㩷 㩷 ƞ� ǵ 㫊㪿䌩 Ơ Ƿ 㫊㫌 Ƣ ǹ 㫊㪼 Ƥ ǻ 㫊㫆㩷 Ʀ� ǽ�

㪫㩷 㫋㪸㩷 㩷 ƨ� ǿ 㪺㪿䌩 ƪ ȁ 㫋㫊㫌 ƭ Ȅ 㫋㪼㩷 Ư Ȇ 㫋㫆㩷 Ʊ� Ȉ�

㪥㩷 㫅㪸㩷 Ƴ� Ȋ 㫅䌩㩷 ƴ ȋ 㫅㫌 Ƶ Ȍ 㫅㪼㩷 ƶ ȍ 㫅㫆㩷 Ʒ� Ȏ�

㪟㩷 㪿㪸㩷 Ƹ� ȏ 㪿䌩㩷 ƻ Ȓ 㪽㫌㩷 ƾ ȕ 㪿㪼㩷 ǁ Ș 㪿㫆㩷 DŽ� ț�

㪤㩷 㫄㪸㩷 LJ� Ȟ 㫄䌩 Lj ȟ 㫄㫌 lj Ƞ 㫄㪼 NJ ȡ 㫄㫆㩷 Nj� Ȣ�

㪰㩷 㫐㪸㩷 Ǎ� Ȥ � 㫐㫌 Ǐ Ȧ � 㫐㫆㩷 Ǒ� Ȩ�

㪩㩷 㫉㪸㩷 㩷 ǒ� ȩ 㫉㫀㩷 Ǔ Ȫ 㫉㫌㩷 ǔ ȫ 㫉㪼㩷 Ǖ Ȭ 㫉㫆㩷 ǖ� ȭ�

㪮㩷 㫎㪸㩷 ǘ� ȯ � 㩷 � � � 㫆㩷 㩷 Ǜ� Ȳ�

㪄㩷 㫅㪃㫄㩷 ǜ� ȳ 㩷 � � 㩷 � � 㩷 � � 㩷 � �㫅㩷㪹㪼㪽㫆㫉㪼㩷㪹㪃㩷㫄㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㫇㩷㫀㫊㩷㫇㫉㫆㫅㫆㫌㫅㪺㪼㪻㩷㫃㫀㫂㪼㩷“㫄”㩷㫀㫅㩷“㫊㪸㫄㫇㫃㪼”㪅㩷

䌇㩷 㪾㪸㩷 ƕ� Ǭ 㪾㫀㩷 Ɨ Ǯ 㪾㫌㩷 ƙ ǰ 㪾㪼㩷 ƛ Dz 㪾㫆㩷 Ɲ� Ǵ�

䌚㩷 㫑㪸㩷 Ɵ� Ƕ 㫁㫀㩷 ơ Ǹ 㫑㫌㩷 ƣ Ǻ 㫑㪼㩷 ƥ Ǽ 㫑㫆㩷 Ƨ� Ǿ�

䌄㩷 㪻㪸㩷 Ʃ� Ȁ 㫁㫀㩷 ƫ Ȃ 㫑㫌㩷 Ʈ ȅ 㪻㪼 ư ȇ 㪻㫆㩷 Ʋ� ȉ�

䌂㩷 㪹㪸㩷 ƹ� Ȑ 㪹䌩㩷 Ƽ ȓ 㪹㫌 ƿ Ȗ 㪹㪼 ǂ ș 㪹㫆㩷 Dž� Ȝ�

㪧㩷 㫇㪸㩷 ƺ� ȑ 㫇䌩㩷 ƽ Ȕ 㫇㫌 ǀ ȗ 㫇㪼 ǃ Ț 㫇㫆㩷 dž� ȝ�㩷

㫂㫐㪸㩷 Ɩnj ǭȣ 㫂㫐㫌㩷 Ɩǎ ǭȥ 㫂㫐㫆㩷 Ɩǐ� ǭȧ�

㫊㪿㪸㩷 Ơnj Ƿȣ 㫊㪿㫌㩷 㩷 Ơǎ Ƿȥ 㫊㪿㫆㩷 Ơǐ� Ƿȧ�

㪺㪿㪸㩷 ƪnj ȁȣ 㪺㪿㫌㩷 㩷 ƪǎ ȁȥ 㪺㪿㫆㩷 ƪǐ� ȁȧ�

㫅㫐㪸㩷 ƴnj ȋȣ 㫅㫐㫌㩷 ƴǎ ȋȥ 㫅㫐㫆㩷 ƴǐ� ȋȧ�

㪿㫐㪸㩷 ƻnj Ȓȣ 㪿㫐㫌㩷 ƻǎ Ȓȥ 㪿㫐㫆㩷 ƻǐ� Ȓȧ�

㫄㫐㪸㩷 Ljnj ȟȣ 㫄㫐㫌㩷 Ljǎ ȟȥ 㫄㫐㫆 Ljǐ� ȟȧ�

㫉㫐㪸㩷 Ǔnj Ȫȣ 㫉㫐㫌㩷 㩷 Ǔǎ Ȫȥ 㫉㫐㫆㩷 Ǔǐ� Ȫȧ�

㪾㫐㪸㩷 Ɨnj Ǯȣ 㪾㫐㫌㩷 Ɨǎ Ǯȥ 㪾㫐㫆㩷 Ɨǐ� Ǯȧ�

㫁㪸㩷 㩷 ơnj Ǹȣ 㫁㫌㩷 㩷 㩷 ơǎ Ǹȥ 㫁㫆㩷 ơǐ� Ǹȧ�

㪹㫐㪸㩷 Ƽnj ȓȣ 㪹㫐㫌㩷 Ƽǎ ȓȥ 㪹㫐㫆㩷 Ƽǐ� ȓȧ�

㫇㫐㪸㩷 ƽnj Ȕȣ 㫇㫐㫌㩷 ƽǎ Ȕȥ 㫇㫐㫆㩷 ƽǐ� Ȕȧ�

㩷 㩷 㩷 㪝㫆㫉㪼㫀㪾㫅㩷㫎㫆㫉㪻㫊㩷㫉㪼㫇㫉㪼㫊㪼㫅㫋㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷㪹㫐㩷KATAKANA㩷㫊㪿㪼㩷 Ƿǧ 㪺㪿㪼㩷 ȁǧ� 㫁㪼㩷 Ǹǧ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫋㫊㪸㩷 Ȅǡ 㫋㫊㪼㩷 Ȅǧ� 㫋㫊㫆㩷 Ȅǩ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪽㪸㩷 ȕǡ 㪽㫀㩷 ȕǣ� 㪽㪼㩷 ȕǧ 㪽㫆㩷 ȕǩ 㩷 㩷

㫋㫀㩷 Ȇǣ 㪻㪿㫀㩷 ȇǣ� 㪻㫐㫌 ȇȥ 㩷 � 㩷 㩷

㫎㫀㩷 Ǧǣ 㫎㪼㩷 Ǧǧ� 㫎㫆㩷 Ǧǩ 㩷 � 㫈㫌㫆㩷 ǯǩ�

㫍㪸㩷 ȴǡ 㫍㫀㩷 ȴǣ� 㫍㪼㩷 ȴǧ 㫍㫆㩷 ȴǩ 㩷 㩷

1

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪢㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸㩷㫀㫊㩷㫌㫊㪼㪻㩷㫀㫅㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪽㫆㫃㫃㫆㫎㫀㫅㪾㩷㫎㪸㫐㫊㪑㩷

(1) For words of foreign origin

(2) For onomatopoeia e.g. ∕∙∕∙㩷 (wanwan) = bowwow

(3) For the names of some animals and insects

(4) For the emphasis of some words e.g. ↻↞⇦∇↖ↈ⅛

㪫㪿㪼㩷㫉㫌㫃㪼㫊㩷㫀㫅㩷㪢㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸

(1) Long vowels are represented by a dash, “㵪.” (2) Double consonants (kk, pp, ss, tt etc.) are represented by small tsu, ȃ.

㪸㩷 ⇈‒ 䉝㩷⇈‒ ⇈‒ ⇈ ⇈ ⇈ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫀㩷 ⇊‒ 䉟㩷⇊‒ ⇊‒ ⇊ ⇊ ⇊ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫌㩷 ⇌‒ 䉡㩷⇌‒ ⇌‒ ⇌ ⇌ ⇌ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪼㩷 ⇎‒ 䉣㩷⇎‒ ⇎‒ ⇎ ⇎ ⇎ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫆㩷 ⇐‒ 䉥㩷⇐‒ ⇐‒ ⇐ ⇐ ⇐ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪉㩷㪊㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪉㩷

㪊㩷

㪈㩷㪊㩷

㪧㫉㫀㫅㫋㫀㫅㪾㩷 㩷

12

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㫂㪸㩷 ⇑‒ 䉦㩷⇑‒ ⇑‒ ⇑ ⇑ ⇑ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫂㫀㩷 ⇓‒ 䉨⇓‒ ⇓‒ ⇓ ⇓ ⇓ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫂㫌㩷 ⇕‒ 䉪㩷⇕‒ ⇕‒ ⇕ ⇕ ⇕ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫂㪼㩷 ⇗‒ 䉬㩷⇗‒ ⇗‒ ⇗ ⇗ ⇗ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫂㫆㩷 ⇙‒ 䉮㩷⇙‒ ⇙‒ ⇙ ⇙ ⇙ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪾㪸㩷 ⇒‒ ⇒‒ ⇒ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪾㫀㩷 ⇔‒ ⇔‒ ⇔ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪾㫌㩷 ⇖‒ ⇖‒ ⇖ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪾㪼㩷 ⇘‒ ⇘‒ ⇘ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪾㫆㩷 ⇚‒ ⇚‒ ⇚ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

[QUIZ]

㫂㫌㫂㫂䋭㫀 㩷 㩿㪺㫆㫆㫂㫀㪼㪀㩷 㫂㫀㫂㫂㫌㩷㩿㫂㫀㪺㫂㪀㩷

㫂䋭㫆㫂㫌㩷㩿㪺㫆㫂㪼㪀㩷 㫂㫆㫂㪼㫂㫆㫂㫂

䋭㫆㩷 㩿㪺㫆㪺㫂㪄㪸㪄㪻㫆㫆㪻㫃㪼㪄㪻㫆㫆㪀㩷

㫂䋭㪼㫂㫀㩷㩿㪺㪸㫂㪼㪀㩷 㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪊㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪊㩷

㪉㩷

13

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㫊㪸㩷 ⇛‒ 䉰⇛‒ ⇛‒ ⇛ ⇛ ⇛ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫊㪿㫀㩷 ⇝‒ 䉲㩷⇝‒ ⇝‒ ⇝ ⇝ ⇝ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫊㫌㩷 ⇟‒ 䉴㩷⇟‒ ⇟‒ ⇟ ⇟ ⇟ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫊㪼㩷 ⇡‒ 䉶㩷⇡‒ ⇡‒ ⇡ ⇡ ⇡ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫊㫆㩷 ⇣‒ 䉸㩷⇣‒ ⇣‒ ⇣ ⇣ ⇣ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫑㪸㩷 ⇜‒ ⇜‒ ⇜ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫁㫀㩷 ⇞‒ ⇞‒ ⇞ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫑㫌㩷 ⇠‒ ⇠‒ ⇠ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫑㪼㩷 ⇢‒ ⇢‒ ⇢ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫑㫆㩷 ⇤‒ ⇤‒ ⇤ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

[QUIZ]

㫊㫌㫂䋭㫀 㩷 㩿㫊㫂㫀㪀㩷 㫂

䋭㪼㫊㫌㩷㩿㪺㪸㫊㪼㪀㩷

㪾㪸㫊㫌㩷㩿㪾㪸㫊㪀㩷 㫊䋭㫆㫊㫌㩷㩿㫊㪸㫌㪺㪼㪀㩷

㫊䋭㫆㫊

䋭㪼㫁㫀㩷㩿㫊㪸㫌㫊㪸㪾㪼㪀㩷 㫌㫀㫊㫌㫂

䋭㫀 㩷 㩿㫎㪿㫀㫊㫂㫐㪀㩷

㫂䋭㫆㫊㫌㩷㩿㪺㫆㫌㫉㫊㪼㪀㩷 㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪊㩷

㪊㩷

㪉㩷

㪉㩷

14

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㫋㪸㩷 ⇥‒ 䉺㩷⇥‒ ⇥‒ ⇥ ⇥ ⇥ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪺㪿㫀㩷 ⇧‒ 䉼㩷⇧‒ ⇧‒ ⇧ ⇧ ⇧ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫋㫊㫌㩷 ⇪‒ 䉿㩷⇪‒ ⇪‒ ⇪ ⇪ ⇪ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫋㪼㩷 ⇬‒ 䊁㩷⇬‒ ⇬‒ ⇬ ⇬ ⇬ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫋㫆㩷 ⇮‒ 䊃㩷⇮‒ ⇮‒ ⇮ ⇮ ⇮ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪻㪸㩷 ⇦‒ ⇦‒ ⇦ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫁㫀㩷 ⇨‒ ⇨‒ ⇨ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫑㫌㩷 ⇫‒ ⇫‒ ⇫ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪻㪼㩷 ⇭‒ ⇭‒ ⇭ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪻㫆㩷 ⇯‒ ⇯‒ ⇯ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

䂓 ji and zu are usually written in Ǹ㩷 and Ǻ.

䂓 An aid to the Ƿ and Ȅ, remembrance and distinction.

Hiragana Katakana

ↆ‒ ⇝‒ ⇝‒

↓‒ ⇪‒ ⇪‒Keep in mind the equivalent hiragana, Ơ and ƭ.

[QUIZ]

㫋㪼㫂㫀㫊㫌㫋㫆㩷㩿㫋㪼㫏㫋㪹㫆㫆㫂㪀㩷 㪺㪿䋭㫀 㫑㫌㩷㩿㪺㪿㪼㪼㫊㪼㪀㩷

㫋㪸㫂㫌㫊㪿䋭㫀 㩷 㩿㫋㪸㫏㫀㪀㩷 㪻㫆㪸㩷㩿㪻㫆㫆㫉㪀㩷

㫊㫌㫋䋭㪼㫂㫀㩷㩿㫊㫋㪼㪸㫂㪀㩷 㪻㪼㫑

䋭㪸㫋㫆㩷㩿㪻㪼㫊㫊㪼㫉㫋㪀㩷

㪊㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪉㩷 㪊㩷

㪊㩷㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪊㩷㪉㩷

㪉㩷㪈㩷 㪊㩷

15

㪉㩷㪈㩷

㪊㩷

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㫅㪸㩷 ⇰‒ 䊅⇰‒ ⇰‒ ⇰ ⇰ ⇰ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫅㫀㩷 ⇱‒ 䊆㩷⇱‒ ⇱‒ ⇱ ⇱ ⇱ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫅㫌㩷 ⇲‒ 䊇㩷⇲‒ ⇲‒ ⇲ ⇲ ⇲ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫅㪼㩷 ⇳‒ 䊈⇳‒ ⇳‒ ⇳ ⇳ ⇳ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫅㫆㩷 ⇴‒ 䊉㩷⇴‒ ⇴‒ ⇴ ⇴ ⇴ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

[QUIZ]

㫋㪼㫅㫀㫊㫌㩷㩿㫋㪼㫅㫅㫀㫊㪀㩷 㫅䋭㫆㫋㫆㩷㩿㫅㫆㫋㪼㪹㫆㫆㫂㪀㩷

㫅㪼㫂㫌㫋㪸㫀㩷㩿㫅㪼㪺㫂㫋㫀㪼㪀㩷 㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪋㩷

㪊㩷

16

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪿㪸㩷 ⇵‒ 䊊⇵‒ ⇵‒ ⇵ ⇵ ⇵ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪿㫀㩷 ⇸‒ 䊍㩷⇸‒ ⇸‒ ⇸ ⇸ ⇸ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪽㫌㩷 ⇻‒ 䊐㩷⇻‒ ⇻‒ ⇻ ⇻ ⇻ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪿㪼㩷 ⇾‒ 䊓⇾‒ ⇾‒ ⇾ ⇾ ⇾ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪿㫆㩷 ∁‒ 䊖㩷∁‒ ∁‒ ∁ ∁ ∁ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪹㪸㩷 ⇶‒ ⇶‒ ⇶ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪹㫀㩷 ⇹‒ ⇹‒ ⇹ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪹㫌㩷 ⇼‒ ⇼‒ ⇼ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪹㪼㩷 ⇿‒ ⇿‒ ⇿ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪹㫆㩷 ∂‒ ∂‒ ∂ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫇㪸㩷 ⇷‒ ⇷‒ ⇷ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫇㫀㩷 ⇺‒ ⇺‒ ⇺ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫇㫌㩷 ⇽‒ ⇽‒ ⇽ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫇㪼㩷 ∀‒ ∀‒ ∀ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫇㫆㩷 ∃‒ ∃‒ ∃ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

[QUIZ]

㫊㫌㫇䋭㫀 㪻㫆㩷㩿㫊㫇㪼㪼㪻㪀㩷 㪿

䋭㫀 㫋

䋭㪸㩷 㩿㪿㪼㪸㫋㪼㫉㪀㩷

㫇㪸㫊㫌㫋㪸㩷㩿㫇㪸㫊㫋㪸㪀㩷 㪹㪸㫊㫌㩷㩿㪹㫌㫊㪀㩷㩷㩷

㪈㩷 㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪊㩷 㪋㩷

㪉㩷 㸢㩷 ⇡

17

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㫄㪸㩷 ∄‒ 䊙㩷∄‒ ∄‒ ∄ ∄ ∄ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫄㫀㩷 ∅‒ 䊚㩷∅‒ ∅‒ ∅ ∅ ∅ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫄㫌㩷 ∆‒ 䊛∆‒ ∆‒ ∆ ∆ ∆ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫄㪼㩷 ∇‒ 䊜㩷∇‒ ∇‒ ∇ ∇ ∇ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫄㫆㩷 ∈‒ 䊝㩷∈‒ ∈‒ ∈ ∈ ∈ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

[QUIZ]

㪿㪸㫄㫌㩷㩿㪿㪸㫄㪀㩷 㫄䋭㫆㫋

䋭㪸㩷 㩿㫄㫆㫋㫆㫉㪀㩷

㫄㪼㫄㫆㩷㩿㫄㪼㫄㫆㪀㩷 㫄㪼㫊㫊䋭㪼㫁㫀㩷㩿㫄㪼㫊㫊㪸㪾㪼㪀

㪾㪸㫄㫌㩷㩿㪾㫌㫄㪀㩷 㩷

㫐㪸㩷 ∊‒ 䊟∊‒ ∊‒ ∊ ∊ ∊ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫐㫌㩷 ∌‒ 䊡∌‒ ∌‒ ∌ ∌ ∌ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫐㫆㩷 ∎‒ 䊣㩷∎‒ ∎‒ ∎ ∎ ∎ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

[QUIZ]

㫐㫆㫋㫋㫆㩷㩿㫐㪸㪺㪿㫋㪀㩷 㫐㫌䌟

㫑䋭㪸㩷 㩿㫌㫊㪼㫉㪀㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪉㩷㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪊㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷

㪊㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷㪉㩷㪊㩷

㸢㩷⇙

18

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㫉㪸㩷 ∏‒ 䊤㩷∏‒ ∏‒ ∏ ∏ ∏ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫉㫀㩷 ∐‒ 䊥㩷∐‒ ∐‒ ∐ ∐ ∐ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫉㫌㩷 ∑‒ 䊦∑‒ ∑‒ ∑ ∑ ∑ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫉㪼㩷 −‒ 䊧㩷−‒ −‒ − − − 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫉㫆㩷 ∓‒ 䊨㩷∓‒ ∓‒ ∓ ∓ ∓ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫎㪸㩷 ∕‒ 䊪∕‒ ∕‒ ∕ ∕ ∕ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫆㩷 ∘‒ 䊭㩷∘‒ ∘‒ ∘ ∘ ∘ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫅㪃㫄㩷∙‒ 䊮㩷∙‒ ∙‒ ∙ ∙ ∙ 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷䂓㩷 Katakana Ȳ is not used in modern living.

䂓 An aid to remembrance and distinction the ǽ and ȳ. Hiragana Katakana

‒ ⇣‒ ⇣‒

⇂‒ ∙‒ ∙‒ [QUIZ] - Similar characters 㩿㪮㫉㫀㫋㪼㩷㫋㪿㪼㩷㪽㫆㫃㫃㫆㫎㫀㫅㪾㩷㪺㪿㪸㫉㪸㪺㫋㪼㫉㫊㩷㫀㫅㩷㫂㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸㪅㪀

㫊㪿㫀㪆㫋㫊㫌㩷 㫅㪆㫊㫆㩷 㫂㫌㪆㫋㪸㩷 㫄㪸㪆㪸㩷 㫅㫌㪆㫊㫌㩷

㫊㪸㪆㫅㪸㪆㫄㪼㩷 㪽㫌㪆㫌㪆㫎㪸㩷 㪿㫀㪆㪼㪆㫅㫀㪆㫄㫀㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪉㩷㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪊㩷

㪉㩷㪈㩷

㪈㩷

㪉㩷㪈㩷

㪉㩷

㪉㩷

★ 㪢㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸㩷㫈㫌㫀㫑㩷㪈㪄㪈㪃㩷㪈㪄㪉㪃㩷㪈㪄㪊㪃㩷㪈㪄㪋㩷㪸㫉㪼㩷㪸㫍㪸㫀㫃㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷㫌㫇㫆㫅㩷㫉㪼㫈㫌㪼㫊㫋㪅㩷㪧㫃㪼㪸㫊㪼㩷㪸㫊㫂㩷㫐㫆㫌㫉㩷㫋㪼㪸㪺㪿㪼㫉㪅㩷

㸢㩷⇣

㸢㩷⇕

㪈㩷 㪉㩷

㪉㩷

㪈㩷

19

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㫂㫐㪸㩷 ⇓∉‒ ⇓∉‒㩷 㩷

㪾㫐㪸㩷 ⇔∉‒ ⇔∉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫂㫐㫌㩷 ⇓∋‒ ⇓∋‒㩷 㩷

㪾㫐㫌㩷 ⇔∋‒ ⇔∋‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫂㫐㫆㩷 ⇓∍‒ ⇓∍‒㩷 㩷

㪾㫐㫆㩷 ⇔∍‒ ⇔∍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ 㩷 㩷 ‒ 㩷

㫊㪿㪸㩷 ⇝∉‒ ⇝∉‒㩷 㩷

㫁㪸㩷 ⇞∉‒ ⇞∉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫊㪿㫌㩷 ⇝∋‒ ⇝∋‒㩷 㩷

㫁㫌㩷 ⇞∋‒ ⇞∋‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫊㪿㫆㩷 ⇝∍‒ ⇝∍‒㩷 㩷

㫁㫆㩷 ⇞∍‒ ⇞∍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ 㩷 ‒ 㩷

㪺㪿㪸㩷 ⇧∉‒ ⇧∉‒㩷 㩷

㫅㫐㪸㩷 ⇱∉‒ ⇱∉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪺㪿㫌㩷 ⇧∋‒ ⇧∋‒㩷 㩷

㫅㫐㫌㩷 ⇱∋‒ ⇱∋‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪺㪿㫆㩷 ⇧∍‒ ⇧∍‒㩷 㩷

㫅㫐㫆㩷 ⇱∍‒ ⇱∍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ 㩷 ‒ 㩷

㪿㫐㪸㩷 ⇸∉‒ ⇸∉‒㩷 㩷

㪹㫐㪸㩷 ⇹∉‒ ⇹∉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪿㫐㫌㩷 ⇸∋‒ ⇸∋‒㩷 㩷

㪹㫐㫌㩷 ⇹∋‒ ⇹∋‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪿㫐㫆㩷 ⇸∍‒ ⇸∍‒㩷 㩷

㪹㫐㫆㩷 ⇹∍‒ ⇹∍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ 㩷 ‒ 㩷

㫇㫐㪸㩷 ⇺∉‒ ⇺∉‒㩷 㩷

㫄㫐㪸㩷 ∅∉‒ ∅∉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫇㫐㫌㩷 ⇺∋‒ ⇺∋‒㩷 㩷

㫄㫐㫌㩷 ∅∋‒ ∅∋‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫇㫐㫆㩷 ⇺∍‒ ⇺∍‒㩷 㩷

㫄㫐㫆㩷 ∅∍‒ ∅∍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ ‒ 㩷

㫉㫐㪸㩷 ∐∉‒ ∐∉‒㩷 㩷

㫋㫊㪸㩷 ⇪⇇‒ ⇪⇇‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫉㫐㫌㩷 ∐∋‒ ∐∋‒㩷 㩷

㫋㫊㪼㩷 ⇪⇍‒ ⇪⇍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫉㫐㫆㩷 ∐∍‒ ∐∍‒㩷 㩷

㫋㫊㫆㩷 ⇪⇏‒ ⇪⇏‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ 㩷 ‒ 㩷

㫊㪿㪼㩷 ⇝⇍‒ ⇝⇍‒㩷 㩷

㫁㪼㩷 ⇞⇍‒ ⇞⇍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㪺㪿㪼㩷 ⇧⇍‒ ⇧⇍‒㩷 㩷

㫈㫌㫆㩷 ⇕⇏‒ ⇕⇏‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ 㩷 ‒ 㩷

㫍㪸㩷 √⇇‒ √⇇‒㩷 㩷

㪽㪸㩷 ⇻⇇‒ ⇻⇇‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫍㫀㩷 √⇉‒ √⇉‒㩷 㩷

㪽㫀㩷 ⇻⇉‒ ⇻⇉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫍㪼㩷 √⇍‒ √⇍‒㩷 㩷

㪽㪼㩷 ⇻⇍‒ ⇻⇍‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫍㫆㩷 √⇏‒ √⇏‒㩷 㩷

㪽㫆㩷 ⇻⇏‒ ⇻⇏‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷㩷 ‒ 㩷 ‒ 㩷

㫎㫀㩷 ⇌⇉‒ ⇌⇉‒㩷 㩷

㫋㫀㩷 ⇬⇉‒ ⇬⇉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫎㪼㩷 ⇌⇍‒ ⇌⇍‒㩷 㩷

㪻㫀㩷 ⇭⇉‒ ⇭⇉‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

㫎㫆㩷 ⇌⇏‒ ⇌⇏‒㩷 㩷

㪻㫐㫌㩷 ⇭∋‒ ⇭∋‒ 㩷㩷 㩷

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 ★ 㪢㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸㩷㫈㫌㫀㫑㩷㪉㪄㪈㪃㩷㪉㪄㪉㪃㩷㪉㪄㪊㪃㩷㪉㪄㪋㩷㪸㫉㪼㩷㪸㫍㪸㫀㫃㪸㪹㫃㪼㩷㫌㫇㫆㫅㩷㫉㪼㫈㫌㪼㫊㫋㪅㩷㪧㫃㪼㪸㫊㪼㩷㪸㫊㫂㩷㫐㫆㫌㫉㩷㫋㪼㪸㪺㪿㪼㫉㪅㩷

20

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪨㪬㪠㪱㩷 㪈㩷㪄㩷㪤㪜㪥㪬㩷

Write the following words in ro_maji.

∇⇱∋∞‒ ( meny-u ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪺㫆㫉㫅㩷㫊㫆㫌㫇㩷

⇙∞∙⇟∞⇽‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫎㫀㫅㪼㩷

⇛∏⇦‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫄㪼㫅㫌㩷

⇹∞∑‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪹㫉㪼㪸㪻㩷 㩷

∕⇊∙‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㪸㫃㪸㪻㩷

⇟⇷⇘⇩⇬⇉≐‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㫋㪼㪸㫂㩷

⇟⇬∞⇓‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪟㪸㫄㪹㫌㫉㪾㩷㫊㫋㪼㪸㫂㩷㫊㪼㫋㩷

⇵∙⇶∞⇖‒ ⇡⇩⇮ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫇㫀㫑㫑㪸㩷

⇹∞⇻⇝⇧∋∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫉㫀㪺㪼㩷

⇺⇜‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪹㪼㪼㫉㩷

∏⇊⇟‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪹㪼㪼㪽㩷㫊㫋㪼㫎㩷

⇷∙‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㫇㪸㪾㪿㪼㫋㫋㫀㩷

⇛∙⇯⇊⇩⇧‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪺㪿㫆㪺㫆㫃㪸㫋㪼㩷㪺㪸㫂㪼㩷

⇧∍⇙−∞⇮⇗∞⇓ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫃㪼㫄㫆㫅㩷㫋㪼㪸㩷

⇈⇊⇟⇕∐∞∆‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫀㪺㪼㩷㪺㫆㪽㪽㪼㪼㩷

−∈∙⇬⇉∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫀㪺㪼㩷㪺㫉㪼㪸㫄㩷

⇈⇊⇟⇙∞⇸∞� ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㪸㫅㪻㫎㫀㪺㪿㩷

【Example】

21

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪨㪬㪠㪱㩷 㪉㩷㪄㩷㪪㪠㪞㪥㪪㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪫㪦㪮㪥㩷

Write the following words in ro_maji.

⇥⇕⇝∞‒ ( takush-i ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪫㪸㫏㫀㩷

⇎−⇿∞⇥∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪧㪸㫉㫂㫀㫅㪾㩷

⇎⇟⇑−∞⇥∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪫㫆㫀㫃㪼㫋㩷

⇮⇊−‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪜㫊㪺㪸㫃㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷

⇊∙⇻⇏∇∞⇝∍∙ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪢㪘㪩㪘㪦㪢㪜㩷 㩷

⇷∞⇓∙⇖‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪜㫃㪼㫍㪸㫋㫆㫉㩷

∄⇕⇯⇰∑⇯‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪞㪸㫄㪼㩷㪚㪼㫅㫋㪼㫉㩷

−⇟⇮∏∙‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪩㪼㫊㫋㪸㫌㫉㪸㫅㫋㩷

⇑∏⇐⇗‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪠㫅㪽㫆㫉㫄㪸㫋㫀㫆㫅㩷

⇡⇼∙⇊−⇼∙‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪪㫇㫆㫉㫋㫊㩷㪚㫃㫌㪹㩷

⇘∞∆⇡∙⇥∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪛㫀㫊㫅㪼㫐㩷㪣㪸㫅㪻㩷

⇟∃∞⇪⇕∏⇼‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪤㪺㪛㫆㫅㪸㫃㪻㫊’㫊㩷

⇭⇷∞⇮‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪛㪼㫇㪸㫉㫋㫄㪼㫅㫋㩷㫊㫋㫆㫉㪼㩷

−∙⇥∑⇹⇭⇐‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪚㫆㫅㫍㪼㫅㫀㪼㫅㪺㪼㩷㪪㫋㫆㫉㪼㩷

⇭⇉⇠⇱∞∏∙⇯‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪪㪼㫍㪼㫅㪄㪜㫃㪼㫍㪼㫅㩷

∁⇬∑‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪩㪼㫅㫋㪸㫃㩷㪭㫀㪻㪼㫆㩷

⇙∙⇹⇱‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪟㫆㫋㪼㫃㩷

【Example】

22

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪨㪬㪠㪱㩷 㪊㩷㪄㩷㪛㪘㪠㪣㪰㩷㪣㪠㪝㪜㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪙㪬㪪㪠㪥㪜㪪㪪㩷

Write the following words in ro_maji.

⇻⇇⇩⇝∍∙‒ ( fasshon ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪾㫆㫃㪽㩷

⇷∞⇬⇉∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪽㪸㫊㪿㫀㫆㫅㩷

⇙∙⇛∞⇮‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫍㫀㫋㪸㫄㫀㫅㩷㪚㩷

⇭∞⇮‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫇㪸㫉㫋㫐㩷 㩷

⇚∑⇻‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪺㫆㫅㪺㪼㫉㫋㩷

⇶⇟⇗⇩⇮∂∞∑‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪺㫆㫄㫇㫌㫋㪼㫉㩷

⇹⇭⇐⇑∇∏‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫍㫀㪻㪼㫆㩷㪺㪸㫄㪼㫉㪸㩷

⇹⇥∅∙≦‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㪺㪿㪼㪻㫌㫃㪼㩷

⇟⇗⇞∋∞∑‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪻㪸㫋㪼㩷

⇓∉∙⇡∑‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪝㪘㪯㩷 㩷

⇙∙⇺∋∞⇥∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪻㫀㫊㪺㫆㫌㫅㫋㩷 㩷

⇝⇟⇬∆‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪹㪸㫊㫂㪼㫋㪹㪸㫃㫃㩷 㩷

⇭∞⇥‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫄㪸㫂㪼㫉㩷 㩷

⇻⇇⇩⇕⇟‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪻㪸㫋㪸㩷

≨∇∞∑‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㫐㫊㫋㪼㫄㩷

∇∞⇑∞‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪺㪸㫅㪺㪼㫃㩷

⇭⇉⇟⇑⇌∙⇮‒ ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪜㫄㪸㫀㫃㩷

【Example】

23

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪨㪬㪠㪱㩷 㪋㩷㪄㩷㪮㫉㫀㫋㪼㩷㫀㫅㩷㪢㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸㩷

Write the following words in Katakana

㫊㫌㫀㪺㪺㪿㫀㩷 ( ⇟⇊⇩⇧ ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪾㫃㪸㫊㫊㩷

㪾㫌㫉㪸㫊㫌㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㫎㫀㫋㪺㪿㩷

㪽䋭㫆㫂㫌㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫎㪸㫃㫂㫄㪸㫅㩷

㫎䋭㫆㫂㫌㫄㪸㫅㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪽㫃㫆㫇㫇㫐㩷㪻㫀㫊㫂㩷

㪼㪸㫂㫆㫅㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪫㪭㩷㫊㪼㫋㩷

㪿䋭

㫀 㫋䋭

㪸㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪸㫀㫉㩷㪺㫆㫅㪻㫀㫋㫀㫆㫅㪼㫉㩷

㪽㪸㫀㫉㫌㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪽㫆㫉㫂㩷 㩷

㪽㫌㫉㫆㫇㫇䋭

㫀 㪻㫀㫊㫌㫂㫌㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪺㪸㫉㫇㪼㫋㩷

㫂䋭㪸㫇㪼㫋㫋㫆㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪿㪼㪸㫋㪼㫉㩷

㫆㫉㪼㫅㫁㫀㩷㫁䋭㫌㫊㫌㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫎㪿㫀㫋㪼㩷㫊㪿㫀㫉㫋㫊㩷 㩷

㫋㪼㫉㪼㪹㫀㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㫆㪽㪸㩷 㩷

㫊䋭㪼㫋

䋭㪸㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㪽㫀㫃㪼㩷

㫅㪼㫂㫌㫋㪸㫀㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫋㫉㫆㫌㫊㪼㫉㫊㩷

㫑㫌㪹㫆㫅㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫅㪼㪺㫂㫋㫀㪼㩷

㫊㫆㪽䋭㪸㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫊㫎㪼㪸㫋㪼㫉㩷

㫎㪸㫀㫊㪿㪸㫋㫊㫌㩷 ( ) 䃂㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 䃂 㫆㫉㪸㫅㪾㪼㩷㫁㫌㫀㪺㪼㩷

【Example】

24

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪨㪬㪠㪱㩷 㪌㩷㪄㩷㪮㫉㫀㫋㪼㩷㫀㫅㩷㪟㫀㫉㪸㪾㪸㫅㪸㩷㪸㫅㪻㩷㪢㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸㩷

Write the following sentences in hiragana and katakana.

㩿㪈㪀㩷㪫㫆㫄㫌㩷㫊㪸㫅㩷㫎㪸㩷㫂㫀㫅䋭㫆㩷 㫋㪸㫂㫌㫊㪿

㫀 㩷 㪻㪼㩷㫇䋭

㪸㫋䋭

㫀 㩷 㫅㫀㩷㫀㫂㫀㫄㪸㫊㪿㫀㫋㪸㪅㩷

㩿㪉㪀㩷㪢㫆㫅㫆㩷㪻㪼㫁㫀㫋㪸㫉㫌㩷㫂㪸㫄㪼㫉㪸㩷㫎㪸㩷㫀㫂㫌㫉㪸㩷㪻㪼㫊㫌㫂㪸㪅㩷

㩿㪊㪀㩷㪮㪸㫋㪸㫊㪿㫀㩷㫎㪸㩷㫀㪾㫀㫉㫀㫊㫌㫁㫀㫅㩷㪻㪼㫎㪸㩷㪸㫉㫀㫄㪸㫊㪼㫅㪅㩷

㩿㪋㪀㩷㪢㫆㫅㫆㩷㫇㪸㫀㫅㪸㫇㫇㫌㫉㫌㩷㫎㪸㩷㫆㫀㫊㪿㫀㫀㩷㪻㪼㫊㫌㪅㩷

㩿㪌㪀㩷㪘㫊㪿㫀㫋㪸㩷㪾䋭

㪸㫉㫌㪽㫌㫉㪼㫅㪻㫆㩷㫋㫆㩷㪩㫆㫇㫇㫆㫅㪾㫀㩷㫅㫆㩷㫉㪼㫊㫌㫋㫆㫉㪸㫅㩷㫅㫀㩷㫀㫂㫀㫄㪸㫊㫌㪅㩷

㩿㪍㪀㩷㪢㫆㫅㫆㩷㫂㫆㫄㫇㫐䋭

㫌㫋䋭

㪸㩷 㫎㪸㩷㫅㫀㪿㫆㫅㩷㫅㫆㩷㪻㪼㫎㪸㩷㪸㫉㫀㫄㪸㫊㪼㫅㪅㩷

㩿㪎㪀㩷㪢㫆㫉㪼㩷㫎㪸㩷㫂㫆㫅㫊䋭

㪸㫋㫆㩷㫅㫆㩷㪺㪿㫀㫂㪼㫋㫋㫆㩷㪻㪼㫊㫌㪅㩷

㩿㪏㪀㩷㪙㫆㫉㫌㪹㫆㩷㫎㪸㩷㫊㫌㫎䋭

㪼㪻㪼㫅㩷㫅㫆㩷㫂㫌㫉㫌㫄㪸㩷㪻㪼㫊㫌㪅㩷㩿㪭㪦㪣㪭㪦㪀㩷

㩿㪐㪀㩷㪢㪼㫅㫋㪸㫂㫂䋭

㫀 㩷 㪽㫌㫉㪸㫀㪻㫆㩷㪺㪿㫀㫂㫀㫅㩷㫎㪸㩷㪻㫆㫂㫆㩷㪻㪼㫊㫌㫂㪸㪅㩷

㩿㪈㪇㪀㩷㪟㪸㫄㪹䋭

㪸㪾䋭

㪸㩷 㫋㫆㩷㪽㫌㫉㪸㫀㪻㫆㩷㫇㫆㫋㪼㫋㫆㩷㫋㫆㩷㫊㪸㫃㪸㪻㪸㩷㫆㩷㫂㫌㪻㪸㫊㪸㫀㪅㩷

25

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

㪢㪸㫋㪸㫂㪸㫅㪸㪆㪟㫀㫉㪸㪾㪸㫅㪸㩷 㪩㫆_㫄㪸㫁㫀㩷 㪜㫅㪾㫃㫀㫊㪿㩷

⇊∏⇕‒ 䌉䌲䌡䌫䌵㩷 䌉䌲䌡䌱 ⇶⇖⇦⇩⇯‒ 䌂䌡䌧䌵䌤䌡䌤䌤䌯 㪙㪸㪾㪻㪸㪻 ⇊∏∙‒ 䌉䌲䌡䌮 䌉䌲䌡䌮 ⇬⇾∏∙‒ 䌔䌥䌨䌥䌲䌥䌮 䌔䌥䌨䌲䌡䌮 ⇊∙⇯‒ 䌉䌮䌤䌯 䌉䌮䌤䌩䌡 ⇱∋∞⇭∐∞‒ 䌎䌹䌵䌤䌥䌲

䋭䌩 䌎䌥䌷㩷 䌄䌥䌬䌨䌩

⇊∙⇯⇳⇝⇈‒ 䌉䌮䌤䌯䌮䌥䌳䌨䌩䌡 䌉䌮䌤䌯䌮䌥䌳䌩䌡 ⇞∉⇑∑⇥‒ 䌊䌡䌫䌡䌲䌵䌴䌡 㪡䌡䌫䌡㫉䌴䌡 ⇥⇊‒ 䌔䌡䌩 䌔䌨䌡䌩䌬䌡䌮䌤 ⇶∙⇙⇕‒ 䌂䌡䌮䌫䌯䌫䌵 䌂䌡䌮䌧䌫䌯䌫 ←↴ⅵↃⅾ‒ 䌃䌨䋭䌵䌧䌯䌫䌵 䌃㪿䌩䌮䌡 ∀⇓∙‒ 䌐䌥䌫䌩䌮 䌂䌥䌩䌪䌩䌮䌧 ⅼ←↶ⅵ↊⇂‒ 䌋䌩䌴䌡㪺䌨䋭䌯䌳䌥䌮 㪥㫆㫉㫋㪿㩷 䌋䌯䌲䌥䌡 ⇺∍∙∊∙‒ 䌐䌹䌯䌮䌹䌡䌮 䌐䌹䌯䌮䌧䌹䌡䌮䌧 ⅺ⇂ↂⅾ‒ 䌋䌡䌮䌫䌯䌫䌵 䌋䌯䌲䌥䌡 ⇣⇌∑‒ 䌓䌯䌵䌲䌵 䌓㪼䌯䌵䌬 ⇻⇉∐⇺∙‒ 䌆䌩䌲䌩䌰䌩䌮 䌔䌨䌥㩷 䌐䌨䌩䌬䌩䌰䌰䌩䌮䌥䌳 ∄⇱∏‒ 䌍䌡䌮䌩䌲䌡 䌍䌡䌮䌩䌬䌡 ⇿⇮⇰∆‒ 䌂䌥䌴䌯䌮䌡䌭䌵 䌖䌩䌥䌴䌮䌡䌭 ⇵⇴⇊‒ 䌈䌡䌮䌯䌩 䌈䌡䌮䌯䌩 ∄−∞⇝⇈‒ 䌍䌡䌲䋭䌥䌳䌨䌩䌡 䌍䌡䌬䌡䌹䌳䌩䌡 ⇕⇈∏∑∙⇽∞∑‒ 䌋䌵䌡䌲䌡䌲䌵㫄䌰䋭䌵䌲䌵 䌋䌵䌡䌬䌡㩷 䌌䌵䌭䌰䌵䌲 ⇈⇊∑∏∙⇯‒ 䌁䌩䌲䌵䌲䌡䌮䌤䌯 䌉䌲䌥䌬䌡䌮䌤 ⇦⇼∐∙‒ 䌄䌡䌢䌵䌲䌩䌮 䌄䌵䌢䌬䌩䌮 ⇊⇔∐⇟‒ 䌉䌧䌩䌲䌩䌳䌵 㪬㪢 ∓∙⇯∙‒ 䌒䌯䌮䌤䌯䌮 䌌䌯䌮䌤䌯䌮 ⇊⇥∐⇈‒ 䌉䌴䌡䌲䌩䌡 䌉䌴䌡䌬䌹 ∓∞∄‒ 䌒

䋭䌯䌭䌡 䌒䌯䌭䌥

⇐∞⇟⇮∐⇈‒䋭

䌏䌳䌵䌴䌯䌲䌩䌡㩷 䌁䌵䌳䌴䌲䌩䌡 ⇌⇉∞∙‒ 㪮

䋭䌩䌮 䌖䌩䌥䌮䌮䌡

⇐∏∙⇦‒ 䌏䌲䌡䌮䌤䌡 䌈䌯䌬䌬䌡䌮䌤 ⇈∆⇟⇬∑⇦∆‒ 䌁䌭䌵䌳䌵䌴䌥䌲䌵䌤䌡䌭䌵 䌁䌭䌳䌴䌥䌲䌤䌡䌭 ⇔∐⇝∉‒ 䌇䌩䌲䌩䌳䌨䌡 䌇䌲䌥䌥䌣䌥 ⇈⇬⇳‒ 䌁䌴䌥䌮䌥 䌁䌴䌨䌥䌮䌳 ⇟⇊⇟‒ 䌓㫌䌩䌳䌵 䌓䌷䌩䌴䌺䌥䌲䌬䌡䌮䌤 ↨∑∙‒ 䌂䌥䌲䌵䌮 䌂䌥䌲䌮 ⇟⇌⇍∞⇭∙‒ 䌓䌵䌷䋭䌥䌤䌥䌮㩷 䌓䌷䌥䌤䌥䌮 ⇟⇮⇩⇕∁∑∆‒ 䌓䌵䌴䌯䌫䌫䌵䌨䌯䌲䌵䌭䌵 䌓䌴䌯䌣䌫䌨䌯䌬䌭

26

㩷 㪟㪠㪩㪘㪞㪘㪥㪘㩷㪢㪘㪫㪘㪢㪘㪥㪘㩷 ↡↸ⅻ↙‒⇑⇥⇑⇰ Meguro Language Center

⇟∀⇊∙‒ 䌓䌵䌰䌥䌩䌮 䌓䌰䌡䌩䌮 ∄⇯∐∞⇯‡∄⇯∐⇩⇯‒ 㪤㪸㪻㫆㫉

㪄㫀㪻㫆㪆㪤㪸㪻㫆㫉㫀㪻㪻㫆 䌍䌡䌤䌲䌩䌤

⇭∙∄∞⇕‒ 䌄䌥䌮䌭䋭䌡䌫䌵 䌄䌥䌮䌭䌡䌲䌫 ⇙∀∙⇵∞⇘∙‒ 䌋䌯䌰䌥䌮䌨䋭䌡䌧䌥䌮 䌃䌯䌰䌥䌮䌨䌡䌧䌥䌮 ⇯⇊⇪‒ 䌄䌯䌩䌴䌳䌵 䌇䌥䌲䌭䌡䌮䌹 ⇿∑∐∙‒ 䌂䌥䌲䌵䌲䌩䌮 䌂䌥䌲䌬䌩䌮 ⇵∙⇒∐∞‒ 䌈䌡䌮䌧䌡䌲

䋭䌩 䌈䌵䌮䌧䌡䌲䌹

⇼⇥∀⇟⇮‒ 䌂䌵䌴䌡䌰䌥䌳䌵䌴䌯 䌂䌵䌤䌡䌰䌥䌳䌴 ⇻⇉∙∏∙⇯‒ 䌆䌩䌮䌲䌡䌮䌤䌯 䌆䌩䌮䌬䌡䌮䌤 ⇾∑⇝∙⇓‒ 䌈䌥䌲䌵䌳䌨䌩䌮䌫䌩 㪟㪼㫃㫊㫀㫅㫂㫀 ⇻∏∙⇟‒ 䌆䌵䌲䌡䌮䌳䌵 䌆䌲䌡䌮䌣䌥 ⇷∐‒ 䌐䌡䌲䌩 䌐䌡䌲䌩䌳 ⇿∑⇔∞‒ 䌂䌥䌲䌵䌧

䋭䌩 䌂䌥䌬䌧䌩䌵䌭

⇼∐∋⇩⇡∑‒ 䌂䌵䌲䌹䌵䌳䌳䌥䌲䌵 䌂䌲䌵䌳䌳䌥䌬䌳 ∃∞∏∙⇯‒ 䌐䋭䌯䌲䌡䌮䌤䌯 䌐䌯䌬䌡䌮䌤 ∕∑⇝∉∕‒ 䌗䌡䌲䌵䌳䌨䌡䌷䌡 䌗䌡䌲䌳䌡䌷 ∃∑⇮⇒∑‒ 䌐䌯䌲䌵䌴䌯䌧䌡䌲䌵 䌐䌯䌲䌴䌵䌧䌡䌬 ∐⇟∂∙‒ 䌒䌩䌳䌵䌢䌯䌮 䌌䌩䌳䌢䌯䌮 ⇈∇∐⇑‒ 䌁䌭䌥䌲䌩䌣䌡 䌁䌭䌥䌲䌩䌣䌡 ∕⇝∙⇮∙‒ 䌗䌡䌳䌨䌩䌮䌴䌯䌮 䌗䌡䌳䌨䌩䌮䌧䌴䌯䌮 ⇑⇰⇦‒ 䌃䌡䌮䌡䌤䌡 䌃䌡䌮䌡䌤䌡 ⇐⇥∕‒ 䌏䌴䌡䌷䌡 䌏䌴䌴䌡䌷䌡 ∇⇓⇝⇙‒ 䌍䌥䌫䌩䌳䌨䌩䌫䌯 䌍䌥䌸䌩䌣䌯 ∇⇓⇝⇙⇝⇬⇉∞‒ 䌍䌥䌫䌩䌳䌨䌩䌫䌯㩷 㫊㪿㫀㫋

䋭䌩 䌍䌥䌸䌩䌣䌯㩷 㪚㫀㫋㫐

⇼∏⇞∑‒ 䌂䌵䌲䌡䌪䌩䌲䌵 䌂䌲䌡䌺䌩䌬 ⇼∏⇞∐⇈‒ 䌂䌵䌲䌡䌪䌩䌲䌩䌡 䌂䌲䌡䌳䌩䌬䌩䌡 ⇎⇞⇽⇮‒ 䌅䌪䌩䌰䌵䌴䌯 䌅䌧䌹䌰䌴 ⇑⇊∓‒ 䌋䌡䌩䌲䌯 䌃䌡䌩䌲䌯 ↮↙↮⇈⇻∐⇑‒ 㪤㫀㫅㪸㫄㫀㪄㪸㪽㫌㫉㫀㫂㪸 䌓䌯䌵䌴䌨㩷 䌁䌦䌲䌩䌣䌡 ⇽−⇮∐⇈‒ 䌐䌵䌲䌥䌴䌯䌲䌩䌡 䌐䌲䌥䌴䌯䌲䌩䌡 ⇐∞⇟⇮∏∐⇈‒

䌏䌳䌵䌴䌯䌲䌡䌲䌩䌡 䌁䌵䌳䌴㫉㪸㫃㫀㪸 ⇓∉∙⇿∏‒ 䌋䌹䌡㫄䌢䌥䌲䌡 䌃䌡䌮䌢䌥䌲䌲䌡 ⇱∋∞⇞∞∏∙⇯‒ 䌎䌹䋭䌵䌪

䋭䌩 䌲䌡䌮䌤䌯 䌎䌥䌷㩷 䌚䌥䌡䌬䌡䌮䌤

⇌⇍∐∙⇮∙‒ 㪮䌥䌲䌩䌮䌴䌯䌮 䌗䌥䌬䌬䌩䌮䌧䌴䌯䌮 ∓⇝⇈‒ 䌒䌯䌳䌨䌩䌡 䌒䌵䌳䌳䌩䌡 ∈⇟⇕∕‒ 䌍䌯䌳䌵䌫䌵䌷䌡 䌍䌯䌳䌣䌯䌷

27