Post on 13-Jan-2016
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Identify the Allied powers and the Identify the Allied powers and the Central Powers during the war.Central Powers during the war.
How did American involvement help How did American involvement help the Allies win World War I?the Allies win World War I?
Armistice
Signing of thearmistice
Nov 11, 1918
Following the war:
5 million Allied and 8 million Central Power soldiers were dead
Nearly 6.5 million civilians were dead Left to the peace makers to determine whether the
results would justify the costs
Effects of the War
President Wilson
To President Wilson the war was aboutpeace and freedom
In a speech to Congress (Jan. 1918)•Outlined America’s war aims•Became known as the Fourteen Points•Idea of “peace without victory”•Inspired by noble ideas not greed and vengeance
Wilson’s Ideas for Peace
Open diplomacy Freedom of the seas, free trade End colonialism National self-determination Creation of a League of Nations
However, Wilson’s plan did not inspire the other leaders-WHY NOT?
Fourteen Points
Peace Conference
Versailles, France
Georges Clemenceau
Vittorio OrlandoWoodrow Wilson
David Lloyd George
What do you think their aims were at the peace
conference?
Which nations were not represented at the meeting, but were involved in WWI?
With whom do you side?
Peace Conference
Attitudes of the European leaders:
Blamed Germany for starting the war Suffered more than did the United States Insisted that Germany pay reparations Prevent Germany from ever threatening Europe again Protect the existing colonial status Return the Alsace-Lorraine other German colonies to
the British
Peace Talks
League of Nations
Wilson refused to compromiseon the creation of the League
Delegates voted to make The League part of the treaty
National self-determination was violated
Populations of Germans were now in non-German nations
Break up of the Ottoman Empire created new states where ethnic groups were clustered together randomly
Problems with the Peace
What was the condition of Europe
following World War I?
What impact will this have on governments in Europe?
Focusing Questions
U.S. Foreign policy during 1920s was largely
shaped by reaction to WWI How did America react to the creation of League
of Nations? Why? No previous war had been so deadly All nations agreed that a world war must never
happen again
American policy = anti-war
U.S. Foreign Policy Post-WWI
USA helps to establish policies to prevent future war
Washington Naval Disarmament (1921)- limit construction of warships to avoid arms race and naval rivalries
Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928)- Pact signed by 62 nations to “agree to not make war with each other” What were the problems with these policies that America
helped to endorse to prevent war?
Avoid War
War is a money maker for some America insisted that France and Britain pay back WWI
war debts For this to happen, Germany had to pay reparations
Dawes Plan (1924): American banks would loan money to Germany to pay reparations, which would allow France & Britain to pay America
“Show me the $”
By 1929, with the stock market crash,
American $ was no longer loaned to Germany France & Britain stopped payment to America In the end, America was seen as heartless for
making nations pay back war debts (no cost for human life)
War Debts
What type of foreign policy do you think the United
States implement during the Great Depression? Do you think we wanted to focus on other nations or ourselves? Explain.
U.S. Foreign Policy