IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY

New Technology, Inventors (Factory and Agriculture)• Samuel Slater• Eli Whitney• Elias Howe & Issac Singer• John Deere• Cyrus McCormick

Impact on Society (Factory, Agriculture)

• Samuel Slater- “Father of Factory System”• First successful water-powered roller

spinning textile mill, Slater Mill (1793)• Rhode Island, Massachusetts,

Connecticut, and New Hampshire• 1815 Providence, 140 cotton

manufacturers• Eli Whitney

• Cotton Gin (1794)• 50x more effective than separating

by hand• Flourished in South

• Machine-made inter-changeable parts, muskets (1850)• Flourished in north

CONTINUED..

• Elias Howe (1846) and Issac Singer (1850s)• Inventers of sewing machine• Foundation of clothing industry

• Made in factories, than homes• Cyrus McCormick

• First mechanical mower-reaper to harvest grain• quicker and cheaper harvesting of

grain• John Deere (1837)

• Steel plow• Speed up farming across the

Midwest

SLATER’S MILL

COTTON GIN

INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS

ISAAC SINGER’S SEWING MACHINE

ELIAS HOWE’S SEWING MACHINE

CYRUS MCCORMICK'S MOWER-REAPER

JOHN DEERE'S STEEL PLOW

Impact on Society (Communication, and transportation)People• Samuel Morse• Cyrus Field• Robert Fulton• Dewitt Clinton

“Roads”• Cumberland Road• Lancaster Turnpike• 1st Railroad• Pony Express

COMMUNICATION• Samuel Morse (1844)

• First telegraph message (Baltimore to Capitol Building)

• Cyrus Field (1858)• Telegraph cable between US and

Europe• Instant communication with Europe

• Pony Express (1860-1861)• West’s most direct means of

communication (Missouri to California)

SAMUEL MORSE’S TELEGRAPH RECEIVER

PONY EXPRESS

TRANSATLANTIC CABLE

1858 ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH CABLE

TRANSPORTATION• Lancaster Turnpike (1795)

• Hard road from Philadelphia to Lancaster, PA• Economic expansion westward

• Robert Fulton (1807)• First steamboat, Clermont

• Increase in trade, no concern for weather or water current

• Cumberland Road AKA The National Road• Maryland to Illinois 625 miles

CONTINUED…• Dewitt Clinton’s “Big Ditch” (1804)

• Erie Canal, between Lake Eerie and Hudson River• Shorten expense and time of transportation

• First Railroad (1828)• By 1860, 30,000 miles of railroad tracks• Increase in trade• Opened west, connected raw materials

• To markets and factories

ROBERT FULTON’S STEAMBOAT

EARLY PLANS OF LANCASTER TURNPIKE

CUMBERLAND ROAD

EERIE CANAL

MAJOR RAILROADS 1860

IN THE FUTURE• More inventors throughout rest of 19th-early 20th century

(productivity)• Foundations of mid-1800s set stage for future inventions

• Light bulb (Thomas Edison)• Telephone (Alexander Bell)• Automobile (Karl Benz)

• Impact of these and other inventions are enormous