Post on 14-Aug-2015
transcript
Improving and Scaling Up SRI in West Africa
Erika Styger and Devon JenkinsSRI-Rice, Cornell University
Regional Review and Planning Workshop, SRI Lower Mekong River Basin project
Siem Reap, Cambodia, 2-3 June, 2015
Insights from a regional, 13-country project
Extension and Adoption of SRI in 201555 countries in 2015, 8-10 million farmers on 3.5 million hectares in 2013 or
2% of global rice area
SRI-WAAPP SRI-LMB
Improving and Scaling Up SRI in West Africa• 1st Phase of a 3 year project; • January 2014 – December 2016
Climate• Tropical• Highly variable rainfall = < 200mm in north to > 4,500 mm in SE / SW
Rice production systems• Predominantly rainfed upland (yields 1-1.5 t/ha) and rainfed lowland (yields 2-
4 t/ha)• Irrigated rice predominant in the northern zones (yields 4-12 t/ha)• Mangrove and swamp systems in more humid zones• O. glaberrima domesticated in Mali ≈ 3,500 years ago
Cultural• Heterogeneous• 340 million people• 500+ local languages• Largely Muslim in the north, Christian in the south
West Africa Overview
Rice production in Africa(South of Sahara)
Each dot represents 20,000 tons Data: FAO
Rice production 2006
64% of rice is produced in West Africa
Nigeria, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali
Ref: Warda (2008) Africa rice trends 2007
1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006
Rice production and consumption in SSA from 1961-2006
Production
Consumption 40% importedConsumption rate increase
yearly 6.3% (2000-2007)
Production rate increase yearly 3.7% (1996-2006)
Production increase through cropping area extension, as yields stagnate
SRI In West Africa since 2001
• Benin 2001: 1 farmer, Echo intern: SRI 7.5t/ha • The Gambia 2002-2005: Research with farmers: SRI
5.4-8.3 t/ha• Guinea 2003: Chinese research with hybrids: 9 t/ha• Senegal 2003-2009: Rodale Institute; Dissertation
with WARDA• Sierra Leone 2004: World vision, USAID, CRS:: SRI
5.3t/ha vs 2.5t/ha• Burkina 2006: 6 farmers: SRI 7t/ha vs 3.5t/ha• Mali: 2007-2012 : 3 projects, 6 regions, > 1000
farmers • Since 2010: regional trainings by Mali projects in
Nigeria, Senegal, Ghana, Benin, Togohttp://sri.ciifad.cornell.edu
Improving and Scaling Up SRI in West Africa
• Regional commissioned project to increase rice productivity in 13 ECOWAS countries
• Project developed through participatory process over 1.5 years with representatives from research, extension, farmers from 13 countries– First workshop in Ouagadougou, July 2012– Second workshop in Saly, Senegal, July 2013– Launching of project Porto Novo, Benin, February 2014
Improving and Scaling Up SRI in West Africa
• Part of the West Africa Agriculture Productivity Program (WAAPP)
• Funded by the World Bank • Steered by Central and West African Council for Agricultural
Research and Development (CORAF/WECARD)• Regional coordination for implementation:
– Institute Economie Rural (IER) National Center for Specialization on Rice (CNS-Rice), Mali;
– SRI-Rice Center from Cornell University is principal technical partner
• Each country has its own implementation plan and funding for implementation
• National WAAPP coordination • National Facilitator, housed at the SRI-WAAPP Focal
Institution• SRI Champions (can be anyone: farmers, technicians etc)
SRI-WAAPP organizational structure
(NY, USA)
CORAF CNS-Riz
Funded by the World Bank
French speaking
English speaking
Countries involved in SRI-WAAPP
CNS-Riz (Mali) SRI-Rice
• Technical support• Methodology development • M&E planning / implementation• Training• Material development
• Technical, M&E, Communications
• Co-facilitating workshops• Connect project partners to SRI
networks in 50+ countries
• Coordination• Logistics• Regional planning• Co-facilitating workshops• Primary point of contact for
National Facilitators• Primary point of contact for
WAAPP• Coordinates with
CORAF/WECARD and World Bank
Regional Coordination Unit
Objectives and expected results
General objective: • Food security improved
Specific objective:
• Rice productivity and competitiveness improved in targeted areas – Number of farmers, SRI land area, yields, income (conv-SRI)
Results1. Human and institutional capacities of stakeholders
in the SRI value chain in West Africa strengthened • Trainings, institutions become active in SRI
Objectives and expected results
• Results2. Appropriate innovations (equipment and/or best
practices) for SRI developed, scaled up, and adopted in West Africa • Innovations developed, disseminated and adopted
3. SRI stakeholders’ demand for knowledge and decision-making options facilitated and met
• Knowledge products produced and disseminated• SRI integration in rice innovation platforms
4. Efficient mechanisms and tools of coordination, management and M&E of the project established
http://sri.ciifad.cornell.edu
Technical approach
Samuel Bimba, with his SRI field in Liberia, 2014
Climatic and agro-ecological zones of the project
Arid < 75 d
Semi-arid 75-180 d
Semi-humid 180-270 d
Humid > 270 d
Growing period
Climate
Major rice cropping systems
Source AfricaRice, 2010
System of Rice Intensification
A. Early and healthy plant establishment
C. Build fertile soils rich in organic matter and soil biota
D. Mange water carefully, avoid flooding &water stress
Soil preparation Seed
treatment/pre-germination
Raised bed nursery Transplanting:
• At 2 leave stage, 8-12 days old
- or - Direct seeding:
• Precision seeding (at 1 or 2 plants/hill)
Reduce plant density
1 plant/hill
- and - Increase spacing
between plants (25cm x 25cm or more), planted in a grid
Mechanical weeding
Fertilize with organic matter and add chemical fertilizer if needed:
• Manure/compost• Cover crop / green
manure• Crop residues
Incorporate OM or combine SRI with Conservation Agriculture
Land preparation:
Leveling, bunding, application or organic matter Non flooded
conditions during the vegetative period
Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) – or -
Bunding, additional irrigation or drainage
Principles
SRI Practices
Indicative and to adapt
Methodology
Conceptual Framework
B. Minimize competition between plants
(Styger and Jenkins, 2014)
System of Rice IntensificationA. Early and healthy plant establishment
C. Build fertile soils rich in organic matter and soil biota
D. Mange water carefully, avoid flooding &water stress
Principles
SRI Practices
Methodology
Conceptual Framework
B. Minimize competition between plants
SRI practices
Climate: Arid - Semi-arid - Semi-humid - Humid
Irrigated system
SRI practices
SRI practices
SRI practices
Upland system
Lowland system
Other systems, e.g. mangrove, deep-water rice etc
SRI-WAAPP Manual (Year 1)
60 pages
Adapted manuals by climate zone and rice cropping system
• Templates developed by SRI-Rice
• System’s Characterization:– Rice system– Crop Growing Periods– Water availability for rice
production– Others
• Developed by Countries in Year 2
Adapted manuals for technicians 1-2 pages for each technical step
Adapted manuals for farmers Shorter sections, picture based, local languages
- M&E system tracking- Field technicians and farmers contribute to data collection- Information instantly and publicly available- Android Survey App – Available offline, for tablets,
smartphones and laptop / desktop computers
Launch of pilot in West Africa June 2015
Data collectionOnline data collection and mapping platform
www.sriwestafrica.org www.sriafriqueouest.org
SRI Activities 2014 :Training and field sites
Improving and Scaling up SRI in West Africa
‘Story Maps’ with ESRI (makers of ArcGIS) –
publicly accessible, narrative websites that explain and illustrate the project with interactive multimedia components
New tools in development
Communications
www.sriafriqueouest.orgwww.sriwestafrica.org
Project websiteNewsletterInnovation NotesAdvocacy Notes(in pdf and print)
Closed facebook groupWhatsApp
SRI-WAAPP Regional Communication
Thank You!